CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9135211a7b9dd083',cH: 'd5wkei4j6q7v76pv0r_.LNI5XbADebYmLnhBXqWrGIE-1739788512-1.2.1.1-8z_CdLsA5pZ3yj819CaFdW9E8Zj30RHEqW5tMTHSOmjKT40Ht4iesTVBSFFxXEHb',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Azad%20A.%20Mohammed&__cf_chl_tk=0vd9VbMIQFNMPYIZy.vnNkmqVXw3RCmjyLueoWIQ06o-1739788512-1.0.1.1-Gw.MwNYxYJZk9fZ9_1ppZaumFu7R_Dj64crHQbiFQ.4",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739788512',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Azad%20A.%20Mohammed&__cf_chl_f_tk=0vd9VbMIQFNMPYIZy.vnNkmqVXw3RCmjyLueoWIQ06o-1739788512-1.0.1.1-Gw.MwNYxYJZk9fZ9_1ppZaumFu7R_Dj64crHQbiFQ.4",md: "r9ty.jyJzx2Mq8p3DqlVcyx4kOIVTyI08zvZn0MHHlQ-1739788512-1.2.1.1-gzYKO41NQELMw0Cygq9Xaf0AoAndBrw.9uOzkeA424IP_PMbPvs66ppT2IgsQALU0WhUDRbNcjMaQEINLmaNdYwJp0L1uxBtO9H18N8yF2xhnAOinNX8RJpAg1is9msKryVfFDbMCtgK6d7mlNk8i1944uxMotrfJWP8J9GfbTrap_mVi4goKGACaYw94qzanitr4OzXol7mUkZKDFIykj6RhNXrmLs9uSrqHPG1S7tKqb92UyqzubZKSRzdZ2g29ZTPb6hlHUWjJ1edjl8MvXuXXtNzdWsht2WMqTPAUS4g36YGn0RcxAioXJ7zY2CVfN5xNA8oPdVE9vnpr8Q_1fM4_BW3H6XOsQ9yj8tUzPE1DX1es5wNRw3rP2MQN2XpeXx6HD1v6feaPbmhYaDp9o4lzgrBXnbvw36mHRtNycLOn8iGrCTZSR5HNYLbpImI7qmXK9UUjxXzeY4iSX4q26uBcUDXDojDcSGluPYsxKDyXL0JI8MDB9iKY_DGuN.sLwgKd.P9hOSSIrT23SVXqYfWYBce4t2Ad0qO2_G5WWXdCBk6LwmkJ8mYsTyxI7IBLNMFOlljpIBwYO3TgFdAc6kjjK4OskfNj2PN.Mq_ksK0ye3BKmNMvNqsy10TEfdYomPWvQQrkquB851CApQ_bn1_yM7arEo6onq2O1nK_SApJdnc5KiyoxKlhUmAGeNsqaX4ajMjcicVxW5XGgxmXIBafhjbEVCp06MYRxglNfL1_i9sq5bHVj8qYmLzgbuJeegtBvUCzhDZycMW9iYInDO5THzuiMEW9Jbz8kLzFnttW05C60BwPZsFOIE_3pHRdgwm3OkKvd7d8LMSo40oyFENjqnXAg4fKlKvpnvaxaPy0zDW43fXkcKeaCkNwovh9WLZfdCljHNi.0fJ7HraS48ISXYSo5pgrcTy0jwAMm_tTbV7X5uQMlcjbERyQiY9YoOpo1auVpKKNcKE245bELWwj2KFKCv5R7o.wXyb0rU1Bg.XjgW8he_Sqnb4srO.baveyttkatLLpsr2vGWrjwKPLzGKO0qHb8gg1jS5t.PO2iabIo4ePvPI7bMRXNM50QVSJQnBLyKBxhFuElo2hSsxNerwjrFZkxHedJvF7XPuoa1T_xD_nWjpDKzoxc0vRfB.jdqjNw5IBXeDxNIEmuU6puREcNkAoMYHoJkaa80lHGdxu62LcN62YGSKpSLaQjSsbBl4B2SKBZN6tHel_ugmt7imk3k1qAnsiz8vTcIHYYl2Xg_ix65gk700YAZuzaXxRzScx7J9677lhL2lP9jcz_7WMpEmcLID96noCVZmxep3ub.QGnuXYC3mf6kAvSHCrYld9sn69EyB3soMdLzQJ4_jkDH.WT3zZvRvju5nlTJtqvR1qi_KEoykRXAG_tRfPgr0RH8ku7VrugImGL3_Y.0uxSWBrm9Y.NkSE2WD.T38ZcKZNH48iBucrECHF8nQOChBo40S9sdyDzX8Eg8koDHjEfd2l6VB_kHgRIeCAFC9DgnQxUMA0lkqT5JUNuNxRG_4FDiugZr6WP5brAsTxtSI3zDrNZZQvX5GuJMWqcNfWfe2xaLRyBuvVstIpKsyVgHFKNUbX4Tjojvfr3WvbpRPHB3w0sLtcUn1nBod_adFth3lbhvJQaKkEtIYyi09sfSTUdUAwjVc.WfpwE49dK8V7lIbS2gSHq7KZymtR0hT_tTlraMzgt2daw8PuLu5rxZ2PZd_EGTf8EODcP45sVIMplY9.wcHkXxL5Og55_dfNznlzREA0vSL3dwwVgws_YUvGQinnfY6BukqfD0ii9LW4to_yZ36PHyPlIui.SOfQhi1JhrRv5JWlHJ.LSuaWSuR0WuIyHtIVm9lJM2QI1qWGBRY2B5Xp8Pmrmf2ZTq4i_UnGhw7uCB96g2Ak2_b0Yxkn4UO0qYtqYDsHywlKPN..qpnaKT_uTC.uMI",mdrd: "wCWLJexc_WszYUSTn_9ZcZ_VcQmqcSJ_iZLUCv6ePZI-1739788512-1.2.1.1-jLjqkFWb7UjWwvmxL5_KR6OrDlxQDtPmbPdzydfH_iZM_2FK6zrmEmmQeVzY2Dn634QL3vNGwtZWwsiF86NXkFsGMwrzJhyWp1U0.WoMq2hZKn_FL9Ft3wRKmGU9jBYuQogiwx5Qjkcf_98e9g5o3I6gCzBi37niY.nfChkz1lublj11ARlv22G5ykQFEKAU_d5bKPclJdPyKI1Pu2BOzXuPoK_UKg4WSaHu_CKz9TCAQDAdo7S4cn0twFVwUuEjvFVEZIWwp_frhAVRGiSJmjvSKKzjJshojWPd6riiR1HSyY_xN1p51QYMJ74VBpe_SvH7DDHviohOdRgHWs4QUHr9cbywDRGJ6LfLyO2DJoHkMN9Z.AVsgDmSfPduC3qM78UWstdDFOPfqoBMXGpEo.ZzPth0YQdlfYk_n6tXDqRf7MTBwNQYFfCykuTWpTntaBsMyR8WKCj6QYcY_D6PzzejYWK3KFslanDicrRlGppAdEsnGqp8Jk63lQg8bgvMRmmqZsgIdZgbmMPK6FNL3e5_u9xe5d6G1PS6LqRORTDDb231woVd92d7GH1gxqMY667.LPVnQi6sUUYKKOeoXc5mZuboIalHag1lehQA9Firnvn0G3Ljv2WfOfuPXSzKMCUG2do6MlxmlGRcE3I6TtjkUVBBMozH0rGhAklwXvd2ujV9dTp3LWAdk4KkDnP2DLZw.GXlpFBExryV0.DgInB63mB2uV2peDRNVR.INKI3Y63oKs4bYHAo3vPaHm8.YgTK33Cp2EyeD4udf1tg.41noDUz0rUH1JvyYxNa8S5YKt6gOjF7IKDKzr65wOgC1m2MECzTuGl8srEwBNWG7PAemEEQp16.a7NgL3LGtWBTm9eFSmNaB5JStZ48aV.ca6llN6FnyueUz2DTgHLMBOTb5ch3wCekRsPHKjSSlMuCD7KldWM9i2vYRcjjVohbWXmy2Qi8o9ykwFI405lBo.G23fTF4gmmHQU.O.lQ34KNgMRUMz_zJGK5Keas0aGQk8QY6WDHVVY9vU8dQEy3dsHYXbWsPDpZ4gLeORw2pQzG3niiIdKkzdgdwwh8ZzxPRrZqpXUYfpNiBpdM9clHrrBLsQ_dGDbqozFFOkjzIV5.i65Xnp5QGSrVwZ0s_9WT3T4RxeSamYiu802c1gxeBDddNF_fxIR4yVa2DKkrcQrEXvoHJjeZt3gyFaowAmfAHQVKmiALmFV1LK.aq.C1x19zpgDe6xqbIhkw6wXc2bAXKZkeKBb6ThiLvXhN03Nssfe7M8JHaqTc4qRGLRgTidqugjvhyW4Oj5pbZSQQT68PJsjk.2f8nSoDZ.epmOR2cVV9RdjN4qV3f4gr4qesh9yuIna.qhuxSbyGAgbbUNLL6eVH2H5yAd8uR7F_qXfZDcnSF8XiLxEgEV3QBtYrC0UmQKpbr15MU6ZdjOpR2vf1GFVrt2AjOkxJfIvhT9c6eS64biSS9rwqlw3DhryhMtDd3MBbaPEtoarZpwJ2sLjCsa1x158_.Yki7vWtvC.zClqrnLPdZTvtTRBs6JBH3Z.3SWcyirE2qfSs_lzLBRuMF1vKbfVSlGp_z3rRqXh3FbpSYA7lPXShyY2nFsSEha6ROVUE.uA3dcF8W4Z0DNnzA_JAVlmpni8hbBNdzTO0hjWtt0766oAIBGLG.lFHN9.RqhbXAYsAPQGh0owRolYi.Q2QAeBPZWPcei52StrRJntV5PqdZOeZeiJwI6jhRspHgFj3k3oCJ0SCdCu3PPjGeZvg.EWtNzIjuicnDyJzx81QTYgS3cPrvIRaH.Rkg6ANx.3GDtRr1D65WiiwmZtL.kZveoz8pasjSgf1hdp083WLVH6vH0zEzIHlLsesiA74q2oe91vu4rHvRVHgrzcfv8E5yZAKFm0MuDmGi6Sz69VXQyWvzLHPyBLqU4WyBwVOda5Lvw2goxrqD_kteAqhDq.rG1xNv5JSkP1J8vjs"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9135211a7b9dd083';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=Azad%20A.%20Mohammed&__cf_chl_rt_tk=0vd9VbMIQFNMPYIZy.vnNkmqVXw3RCmjyLueoWIQ06o-1739788512-1.0.1.1-Gw.MwNYxYJZk9fZ9_1ppZaumFu7R_Dj64crHQbiFQ.4" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>