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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251680060">.mw-parser-output .ib-court-case .infobox-image img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-court-case .infobox-above{font-style:italic;font-size:125%}.mw-parser-output .ib-court-case .infobox-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .ib-court-case .ib-court-case-red-header{background-color:red;color:white;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-court-case .ib-court-case-green-header{background-color:green;color:white;font-weight:bold}</style><table class="infobox scotus ib-court-case"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn">Hubbard v Vosper</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_(St_Edward%27s_Crown).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28St_Edward%27s_Crown%29.svg/180px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28St_Edward%27s_Crown%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28St_Edward%27s_Crown%29.svg/270px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28St_Edward%27s_Crown%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28St_Edward%27s_Crown%29.svg/360px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28St_Edward%27s_Crown%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1550" data-file-height="1500" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Court</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Court_of_Appeal_of_England_and_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="Court of Appeal of England and Wales">Court of Appeal of England and Wales</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Full case name</th><td class="infobox-data"><i> Hubbard and another v Vosper and another </i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Decided</th><td class="infobox-data">17-19 November 1971</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Citation</th><td class="infobox-data">[1972] 2 Q.B. 84</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Court membership</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Judges sitting</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lord_Denning" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Denning">Lord Denning</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/John_Megaw" title="John Megaw">Lord Megaw</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/John_Stephenson_(judge)" title="John Stephenson (judge)">Lord Stephenson</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Keywords</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Copyright" title="Copyright">Copyright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fair_dealing" title="Fair dealing">Fair dealing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>Hubbard v Vosper</b></i>, [1972] 2 Q.B. 84, is a leading <a href="/wiki/Copyright_law_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Copyright law of the United Kingdom">English copyright law</a> case on the defence of <a href="/wiki/Fair_dealing" title="Fair dealing">fair dealing</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scientology" title="Church of Scientology">Church of Scientology</a> sued a former member, <a href="/wiki/Cyril_Vosper" title="Cyril Vosper">Cyril Vosper</a>, for copyright infringement due to the publication of a book, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Mind_Benders_(Vosper_book)" title="The Mind Benders (Vosper book)">The Mind Benders</a></i>, criticizing <a href="/wiki/Scientology" title="Scientology">Scientology</a>. The Church of Scientology alleged that the books contained material copied from books and documents written by <a href="/wiki/L._Ron_Hubbard" title="L. Ron Hubbard">L. Ron Hubbard</a>, as well as containing <a href="/wiki/Confidential" class="mw-redirect" title="Confidential">confidential</a> information pertaining to Scientology courses. Vosper successfully defended the claim under the fair dealing doctrine, with the <a href="/wiki/Court_of_Appeal_of_England_and_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="Court of Appeal of England and Wales">Court of Appeal</a> deciding unanimously in his favour. The judgment given by <a href="/wiki/Lord_Denning" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Denning">Lord Denning</a> clarified the scope and content of the fair dealing defence. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubbard_v_Vosper&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 9 September 1971 <i>The Mind Benders</i>, a book critical of Scientology written by Cyril Vosper, a former scientologist of 14 years, was published by <a href="/wiki/Neville_Spearman" class="mw-redirect" title="Neville Spearman">Neville Spearman</a>. The Church of Scientology obtained an interim <a href="/wiki/Injunction" title="Injunction">injunction</a> on the same day to restrain publication of the book.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The book contained many extracts from the works of L. Ron Hubbard, including books such as <i>Axioms and Logics</i> and <i>Introduction to Scientology Ethics</i>. These extracts were often accompanied by criticism and explanations in Vosper's book. Also included in the book was information obtained by Vosper through Scientology courses, which the Church of Scientology claimed was confidential by virtue of a declaration signed by Vosper not to divulge any of the information to outsiders - specifically to those who were not "<a href="/wiki/Clear_(Scientology)" title="Clear (Scientology)">Clear</a>". </p><p>At issue was whether the extracts in <i>The Mind Benders</i> constituted copyright infringement, and whether the information published in the book amounted to an actionable breach of confidence. </p><p>The lower court granted the injunction to prevent publication of the book, finding that there was a strong case for infringement.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reasons_of_the_court">Reasons of the court</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubbard_v_Vosper&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Reasons of the court"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A panel of three judges in the Court of Appeal unanimously allowed the appeal, and lifted the injunction against publication of the book. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fair_dealing_defence">Fair dealing defence</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubbard_v_Vosper&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Fair dealing defence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lord Denning, writing the leading judgment for the court, found that the defence of fair dealing applied to Vosper's book under section 6(2) of the <a href="/wiki/Copyright_Act_1956" title="Copyright Act 1956">Copyright Act 1956</a>, which said: </p> <blockquote><p>No fair dealing with a literary, dramatic or musical work shall constitute an infringement of the copyright in the work if it is for purposes of criticism or review, whether of that work or of another work, and is accompanied by a sufficient acknowledgment.</p></blockquote> <p>In clarifying the doctrine of fair dealing, Lord Denning considered previous case law, and described a <a href="/wiki/Legal_test" class="mw-redirect" title="Legal test">legal test</a> for determining what would constitute a valid use of the defence: </p> <blockquote><p>It is impossible to define what is "fair dealing." It must be a question of degree. You must consider first the number and extent of the quotations and extracts. Are they altogether too many and too long to be fair? Then you must consider the use made of them. If they are used as a basis for comment, criticism or review, that may be fair dealing. If they are used to convey the same information as the author, for a rival purpose, that may be unfair. Next, you must consider the proportions. To take long extracts and attach short comments may be unfair. But, short extracts and long comments may be fair. Other considerations may come to mind also. But, after all is said and done, it must be a matter of impression. As with fair comment in the law of libel, so with fair dealing in the law of copyright. The tribunal of fact must decide. In the present case, there is material on which the tribunal of fact could find this to be fair dealing.<sup id="cite_ref-Vosper-94_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vosper-94-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Upon consideration of the evidence, Lord Denning found that the book was a fair dealing of the source material, rejecting the argument that Vosper was criticizing not the works <i>per se</i>, but was instead criticizing the underlying subject matter. He found that criticism of the book and criticism of the subject matter were indistinguishable, and that this would not in itself cause the fair dealing defence to fail.<sup id="cite_ref-Vosper-94_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vosper-94-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lord Megaw agreed, and added in his concurring judgment that it may be possible to invoke the fair dealing defence even if a substantial part or the entirety of the original work was reproduced, noting that the proportion of the work taken must be weighed against the nature and purpose of the reproduction.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Breach_of_confidence">Breach of confidence</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubbard_v_Vosper&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Breach of confidence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Court of Appeal rejected the argument that confidential information was unfairly used in Vosper's book. Lord Denning noted that there was very little evidence pointing to the use of such confidential information, but that even if the information was used, there may be some circumstances such as these where the public interest may outweigh the confidentiality of the information. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubbard_v_Vosper&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A further attempt by the Church of Scientology to appeal the case to the <a href="/wiki/Judicial_functions_of_the_House_of_Lords" title="Judicial functions of the House of Lords">House of Lords</a> was dismissed on 9 February 1972.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Hardcover" title="Hardcover">hardcover</a> edition of the book was released after the ruling, while a <a href="/wiki/Paperback" title="Paperback">paperback</a> edition, titled <i>The Mind Benders: The Book They Tried to Ban</i> was published in 1973, including a reference to the litigation in the appendix.<sup id="cite_ref-Vosper-1973_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vosper-1973-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Church of Scientology also attempted to ban the book in <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canadian</a> libraries by threatening the sue for <a href="/wiki/Libel" class="mw-redirect" title="Libel">libel</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-winnipeg_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-winnipeg-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several libraries were subsequently sued when they refused to remove the books.<sup id="cite_ref-libraryjournal_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-libraryjournal-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Significance">Significance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubbard_v_Vosper&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Significance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The case, and especially the judgment of Lord Denning, has been frequently cited as the leading interpretation of the fair dealing defence in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Colston_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Colston-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bradshaw_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradshaw-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Canada, Denning's test for fair dealing was substantially adopted and expanded by the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Canada" title="Supreme Court of Canada">Supreme Court of Canada</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/CCH_Canadian_Ltd._v._Law_Society_of_Upper_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="CCH Canadian Ltd. v. Law Society of Upper Canada">CCH Canadian Ltd. v. Law Society of Upper Canada</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-CCH_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CCH-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Vaver_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vaver-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chief Justice <a href="/wiki/Beverley_McLachlin" title="Beverley McLachlin">Beverley McLachlin</a> separated the fair dealing test into six factors based on Denning's judgment:<sup id="cite_ref-CCH_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CCH-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ol><li>The purpose of the dealing</li> <li>The character of the dealing</li> <li>The amount of the dealing</li> <li>Alternatives to the dealing</li> <li>The nature of the work</li> <li>The effect of the dealing on the work</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubbard_v_Vosper&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fair_dealing_in_Canadian_copyright_law" title="Fair dealing in Canadian copyright law">Fair dealing in Canadian copyright law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fair_use" title="Fair use">Fair use</a> in U.S. copyright law</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_and_the_legal_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Scientology and the legal system">Scientology and the legal system</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubbard_v_Vosper&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hubbard v Vosper, [1972] 2 QB 84 [<i>Vosper</i>] at 91</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Vosper</i> at 96</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Vosper-94-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Vosper-94_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Vosper-94_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Vosper</i> at 94</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Vosper</i> at 98</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Vosper</i> at 101</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Vosper-1973-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Vosper-1973_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFVosper1973" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Cyril_Vosper" title="Cyril Vosper">Vosper, Cyril</a> (1973). <i>The Mind Benders: The Book They Tried to Ban</i>. Mayflower Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0583122498" title="Special:BookSources/978-0583122498"><bdi>978-0583122498</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Mind+Benders%3A+The+Book+They+Tried+to+Ban&rft.pub=Mayflower+Books&rft.date=1973&rft.isbn=978-0583122498&rft.aulast=Vosper&rft.aufirst=Cyril&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubbard+v+Vosper" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-winnipeg-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-winnipeg_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.xenu-directory.net/news/19740627-winnipegfreepress.html">"Libraries Face Libel Threat"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Winnipeg_Free_Press" title="Winnipeg Free Press">Winnipeg Free Press</a></i>, June 27, 1974</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-libraryjournal-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-libraryjournal_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.xenu-directory.net/news/images/thecompiler-1974-1.pdf">"Anti-Scientology Books Targets of Lawsuits"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Library_Journal" title="Library Journal">Library Journal</a>. November 1, 1974<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 19,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Anti-Scientology+Books+Targets+of+Lawsuits&rft.pub=Library+Journal&rft.date=1974-11-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.xenu-directory.net%2Fnews%2Fimages%2Fthecompiler-1974-1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubbard+v+Vosper" class="Z3988"></span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lermanet.org/books/books-scared-them.html">html version</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Colston-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Colston_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFColston1995" class="citation journal cs1">Colston, Catherine (1995). "Fair Dealing: What is Fair?". <i>Denning Law Journal</i>. <b>10</b>: 91.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Denning+Law+Journal&rft.atitle=Fair+Dealing%3A+What+is+Fair%3F&rft.volume=10&rft.pages=91&rft.date=1995&rft.aulast=Colston&rft.aufirst=Catherine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubbard+v+Vosper" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pch.gc.ca/eng/1274293733900"><i>Fair dealing in the UK</i></a>, Canadian Heritage<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 30,</span> 2010</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fair+dealing+in+the+UK&rft.pub=Canadian+Heritage&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pch.gc.ca%2Feng%2F1274293733900&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubbard+v+Vosper" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bradshaw-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bradshaw_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBradshaw1995" class="citation journal cs1">Bradshaw, David (1995). "<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Fair Dealing" as a Defence to Copyright Infringement in UK Law: An Historical Excursion from 1802 to the Clockwork Orange Case 1993". <i>Denning Law Journal</i>. <b>10</b>: 67.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Denning+Law+Journal&rft.atitle=%22Fair+Dealing%22+as+a+Defence+to+Copyright+Infringement+in+UK+Law%3A+An+Historical+Excursion+from+1802+to+the+Clockwork+Orange+Case+1993&rft.volume=10&rft.pages=67&rft.date=1995&rft.aulast=Bradshaw&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubbard+v+Vosper" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CCH-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CCH_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CCH_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>CCH Canadian Ltd. v. Law Society of Upper Canada</i>, [2004] 1 SCR 339</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Vaver-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Vaver_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVaver2011" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Vaver" title="David Vaver">Vaver, David</a> (2011). <i>Intellectual Property Law: Copyright, Patents, Trade-Marks</i> (2nd ed.). Toronto: Irwin Law. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55221-209-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55221-209-7"><bdi>978-1-55221-209-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Intellectual+Property+Law%3A+Copyright%2C+Patents%2C+Trade-Marks&rft.place=Toronto&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Irwin+Law&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-55221-209-7&rft.aulast=Vaver&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubbard+v+Vosper" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubbard_v_Vosper&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uniset.ca/other/cs3/vosper.html">Full judgment of the Court of Appeal</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.suburbia.com.au/~fun/scn/books/vosper/">1997 Electronic edition of <i>The Mind Benders</i></a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hubbard_v_Vosper&oldid=1230634194">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hubbard_v_Vosper&oldid=1230634194</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1971_in_case_law" title="Category:1971 in case law">1971 in case law</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:United_Kingdom_copyright_case_law" title="Category:United Kingdom copyright case law">United Kingdom copyright case law</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1971_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Category:1971 in the United Kingdom">1971 in the United Kingdom</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Scientology_litigation" title="Category:Scientology litigation">Scientology litigation</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 23 June 2024, at 20:48<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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