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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Single_culture_in_specific_countries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Single culture in specific countries</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Single_culture_in_specific_countries-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Single culture in specific countries subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Single_culture_in_specific_countries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>United States</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pandemic_effects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pandemic_effects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>Pandemic effects</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pandemic_effects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_Kingdom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_Kingdom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>United Kingdom</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_Kingdom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Japan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Japan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Japan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Japan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South_Korea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South_Korea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>South Korea</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South_Korea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sweden" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sweden"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Sweden</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sweden-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Terminology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Terminology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Terminology</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Terminology-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Terminology subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Terminology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-English" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#English"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>English</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-English-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-French" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#French"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>French</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-French-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chinese" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chinese"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Chinese</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chinese-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Japanese" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Japanese"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Japanese</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Japanese-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Civil_status_and_health" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Civil_status_and_health"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Civil status and health</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Civil_status_and_health-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Targeting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Targeting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Targeting</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Targeting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Depiction_in_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Depiction_in_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Depiction in popular culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Depiction_in_popular_culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Depiction in popular culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Depiction_in_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Film_and_television" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Film_and_television"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Film and television</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Film_and_television-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Literature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" 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href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/To%CC%8Dk-sin" title="To̍k-sin – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="To̍k-sin" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solteria" title="Solteria – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Solteria" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single" title="Single – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Single" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enlig" title="Enlig – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Enlig" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alleinstehender" title="Alleinstehender – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Alleinstehender" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solter%C3%ADa" title="Soltería – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Soltería" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ezkongabe" title="Ezkongabe – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ezkongabe" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="مجرد – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مجرد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allinnichsteande" title="Allinnichsteande – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Allinnichsteande" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B9%84%ED%98%BC%EC%9E%90" title="비혼자 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="비혼자" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lajang" title="Lajang – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Lajang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single" title="Single – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Single" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%AA" title="רווקות – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רווקות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BB%D2%93%D1%8B%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%8B%D2%9B" title="Жалғыздық – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Жалғыздық" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyed%C3%BCl%C3%A1ll%C3%B3" title="Egyedülálló – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Egyedülálló" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alleenstaande" title="Alleenstaande – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Alleenstaande" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8B%AC%E8%BA%AB" title="独身 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="独身" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enslig" title="Enslig – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Enslig" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singel_(osoba)" title="Singel (osoba) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Singel (osoba)" data-language-autonym="Polski" 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href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_person" title="Single person – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Single person" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%94" title="บุคคลโสด – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="บุคคลโสด" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_%C4%91%E1%BB%99c_th%C3%A2n" title="Người độc thân – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Người độc thân" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" 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class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Single_(relationship)&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Single (relationship)">Single (relationship)</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Person not in a marital, romantic or sexual relationship</div> <p> In legal definitions for <a href="/wiki/Interpersonal_relationship" title="Interpersonal relationship">interpersonal status</a>, a person who is <b>single</b> is an individual not in a committed relationship, married, or part of a <a href="/wiki/Civil_union" title="Civil union">civil union</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto2_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kislev_2019_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kislev_2019-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reasons_people_remain_single">Reasons people remain single</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Single_person&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Reasons people remain single"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>People may be or remain single for a variety of reasons, including (but not limited to) one or several of the following: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Celibacy" title="Celibacy">Celibacy</a> or <a href="/wiki/Sexual_abstinence" title="Sexual abstinence">sexual abstinence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aromanticism" title="Aromanticism">Aromanticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asexuality" title="Asexuality">Asexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asociality" title="Asociality">Asociality</a></li> <li>Financial duress<sup id="cite_ref-auto3_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto3-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Their <a href="/wiki/Mental_health" title="Mental health">mental health</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Pursuing educational or professional advancement<sup id="cite_ref-auto2_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Lack of suitable partners<sup id="cite_ref-auto3_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto3-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Changes in perceptions of the necessity of marriage<sup id="cite_ref-auto3_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto3-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In some cases, single people may be uninterested in marriage, domestic partnership, or other types of committed relationships.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Traumatic experiences including <a href="/wiki/Domestic_violence" title="Domestic violence">domestic violence</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dysfunctional_family" title="Dysfunctional family">dysfunctional family</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rape" title="Rape">rape</a> and/or <a href="/wiki/Sexual_assault" title="Sexual assault">sexual assault</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The increasing trend of marrying later in life and <a href="/wiki/Cohabitation" title="Cohabitation">cohabitation</a><sup id="cite_ref-auto3_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto3-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Those with a <a href="/wiki/Neurodevelopmental_disorder" title="Neurodevelopmental disorder">neurodevelopmental disorder</a>, such as those on the <a href="/wiki/Autism_spectrum" class="mw-redirect" title="Autism spectrum">autism spectrum</a>, can find it difficult to initiate, develop, and/or sustain relationships<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDSM-5-TR_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDSM-5-TR-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Some single people regard and appreciate <a href="/wiki/Solitude" title="Solitude">solitude</a> as an opportunity. Some people stay single by choice. In addition to choosing singleness as a preferential option, there are also those who forgo marriage due to religious orders that prescribe its forbearance.<sup id="cite_ref-auto2_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These religious traditions include: </p> <ul><li>The Christian monastic cultures of Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, and Oriental Orthodoxy</li> <li>The specific Buddhist monastic traditions<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Single_culture_in_specific_countries">Single culture in specific countries</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Single_person&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Single culture in specific countries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States">United States</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Single_person&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Bureau_of_the_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Bureau of the Census">United States Bureau of the Census</a>, the fastest-growing household type since the 1980s has been the single person. Previously both socially uncommon and unaccepted due to perceived roles, public awareness, modern socioeconomic factors, and increasingly available popular and lengthier education and careers have made the single lifestyle a viable option for many Americans, especially after the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to the United States Bureau of the Census, in 2016, single adults accounted for over 45% of the US population. 65% of this group had never been married.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2014, <a href="/wiki/Pew_Research_Center" title="Pew Research Center">Pew Research Center</a> notes that the highest percentage of never-married adults between White, Black, Hispanic and Asian Americans were Black Americans. The same study also projected that about 25% of millennials may not get married.<sup id="cite_ref-auto3_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto3-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pandemic_effects">Pandemic effects</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Single_person&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Pandemic effects"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A 2024 <a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a> study found that the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a> significantly increased the number of single Americans. Researchers estimated that an additional 13.3 million people were single in 2022 compared to pre-pandemic levels. This increase was attributed to the dissolution of new relationships, the failure of informal relationships to develop, and disruptions to the dating market. </p><p>The study also revealed that the average American's weekly socializing time had not fully recovered from the pandemic. In 2022, individuals reported spending an average of 4.1 hours per week socializing, which was still below the pre-pandemic average of 4.5 hours per week in 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_Kingdom">United Kingdom</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Single_person&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: United Kingdom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Similar to the United States, single-person households have been seen to be increasingly popular in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>. In the 2000s, studies found that more citizens were seen to be valuing their career over personal relationships. The increase in single-person households was also partly attributed to the high <a href="/wiki/Self-esteem" title="Self-esteem">self-esteem</a> it can offer to some people.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Japan">Japan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Single_person&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Japan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>, it is not uncommon for citizens to choose to remain single. This has been illustrated with many public figures and celebrities. Women typically value friendships over romantic relationships; many continue to have jobs and marry later, or forego marriage completely.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, people in Japan who do wish to date have reported that it is difficult to find the time to do so due to being <a href="/wiki/Overwork" title="Overwork">overworked</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="South_Korea">South Korea</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Single_person&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: South Korea"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a> an unofficial holiday called <a href="/wiki/Black_Day_(South_Korea)" title="Black Day (South Korea)">Black Day</a> is observed on 14 April each year by and for single people. Singles who did not receive gifts on <a href="/wiki/Valentine%27s_Day" title="Valentine's Day">Valentine's Day</a> or <a href="/wiki/White_Day" title="White Day">White Day</a> meet dressed in black and eat <a href="/wiki/Jajangmyeon" title="Jajangmyeon">jajangmyeon</a>, noodles covered in black bean paste. The dish is one of South Korea's national foods, and is considered a comfort food.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sweden">Sweden</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Single_person&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Sweden"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a>, Sweden, sixty per cent of people live by themselves.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Terminology">Terminology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Single_person&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Terminology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Terminology for singleness varies, usually based on gender, language, and country. Generally singles can be categorized by the following terms: never married, separated, divorced, and widowed. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="English">English</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Single_person&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: English"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Terms used to describe single men are seldom used, and carry positive connotations. Single men are often simply referred to as <i><a href="/wiki/Bachelor" title="Bachelor">bachelors</a></i>. </p><p>The English language has more terms for single, unwed women. These terms typically carry a negative connotation. Single women are sometimes called <i><a href="/wiki/Bachelorette" title="Bachelorette">bachelorettes</a></i>, especially in festive contexts in <a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">American English</a>. However, the historic term for unwed women is <a href="/wiki/Spinster" title="Spinster">spinster</a>. The connotations of the word <i>spinster</i> have changed so much over time that it is now considered a derogatory term. The <a href="/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="Oxford English Dictionary">Oxford English Dictionary</a> says in its usage notes for the word: </p> <dl><dd>The development of the word spinster is a good example of the way in which a word acquires strong connotations to the extent that it can no longer be used in a neutral sense. From the 17th century the word was appended to names as the official legal description of an unmarried woman: Elizabeth Harris of London, Spinster. This type of use survives today in some legal and religious contexts. In modern everyday English, however, spinster cannot be used to mean simply ‘unmarried woman’; it is now always a derogatory term, referring or alluding to a stereotype of an older woman who is unmarried, childless, prissy, and repressed.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <p>Though spinster has a long history of being negative, there are some authors, such as <a href="/wiki/Kate_Bolick" title="Kate Bolick">Katie Bolick</a>, who are trying to change the word's connotation into something positive.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additionally, the phrase <i><a href="/wiki/Spinster" title="Spinster">Old Maid</a></i> is used to describe an unmarried woman. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="French">French</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Single_person&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: French"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Catherinette" title="Catherinette">Catherinette</a></i> was a traditional <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">French</a> label for women of 25 years who were still unmarried by the Feast of <a href="/wiki/Catherine_of_Alexandria" title="Catherine of Alexandria">Saint Catherine</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chinese">Chinese</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Single_person&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Chinese"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The term <a href="/wiki/Sheng_nu" class="mw-redirect" title="Sheng nu">sheng nu</a> is used to describe unmarried women who are in mid to late twenties in China and East Asia.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Japanese">Japanese</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Single_person&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Japanese"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Japan, men who have no interest in getting married are called <i>sōshoku(-kei) danshi</i> (草食(系)男子 ) or <a href="/wiki/Herbivore_men" title="Herbivore men">Herbivore men</a>. This term also describes young men who have lost their "manliness". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Civil_status_and_health">Civil status and health</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Single_person&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Civil status and health"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A person's <a href="/wiki/Civil_status" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil status">civil status</a> can have an effect on their health. People have different perspectives on the ways in which civil status influences health. </p><p>A study in 2000 by the BioMed Central's public health journal covering the anti-depressant use of 3,500 Finnish people found an 80% increased risk of <a href="/wiki/Major_depressive_disorder" title="Major depressive disorder">depression</a> for those living alone.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A 2022 finding published in the August issue of Frontiers in Psychiatry using 2,056 studies and data from 123,859 participants found that living alone increased the chances of depression by 42%.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Paul Dolan, professor in behavorial science at the London School of Economics, explained that "if you're a woman, don't bother [getting married]", as a study from the American Time Use Survey found that single women live longer and happier lives than married women.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>People who support singleness have different opinions on it, pointing out that not all marriages are created equal. Healthy people, with psychological well-being, have happy relationships with their partners. In contrast, unhappy marriages will have the opposite effect, "A bad marriage can make a person feel more isolated than being single"<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> according to sociologist professor Eric Klinenber at New York University. </p><p>A study of more than 10,000 adults found that married couples were more likely to gain weight during their process of romantic ventures than singles.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In other words, married couples have a higher risk of weight gain that may be large enough to pose a health risk,<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as reported by Zhenchao Qian, professor of sociology at Ohio State University. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Targeting">Targeting</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Single_person&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Targeting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Dating_services" class="mw-redirect" title="Dating services">Dating services</a> are an especially targeted and advertised service for singles.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The growth of the dating services and dating events industry has been so drastic that the phrase "dating–industrial complex" (reminiscent of President <a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a>'s term "<a href="/wiki/Military_industrial_complex" class="mw-redirect" title="Military industrial complex">military industrial complex</a>") has been coined to capture the amount of money and manpower devoted to dating services for singles.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Singles_event" title="Singles event">Singles events</a> have been an area of particular growth in singles-related commerce.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many events are aimed at singles of particular affiliations, interest, or religions.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some of the most strongly attended such events are the <a href="/wiki/Christmas_Eve" title="Christmas Eve">Christmas Eve</a> party targeted at young Jewish singles in major cities in North America, particularly the <a href="/wiki/Matzo_Ball" title="Matzo Ball">Matzo Ball</a> and its big city competitors.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A variety of other religious organizations' singles events are also very popular. However, dating via religious-sponsored singles events has also been criticized for fostering invasion of daters' privacy and undue expectations.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Also there is a <a href="/wiki/Single_supplement" title="Single supplement">Single Supplement</a> that adds extra fees to those traveling alone. </p><p>In some countries, particular laws may directly or indirectly disadvantage single persons. In the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, for example, <a href="/wiki/Social_Security_(United_States)" title="Social Security (United States)">Social Security</a> <a href="/wiki/Social_Security_(United_States)#WIDOWBENEFITS" title="Social Security (United States)">widow(er) benefits</a> are only available to those persons who have been previously married, and single people in the United States pay more income taxes than married people. In many countries tour and holiday operators impose a penalty (often as much as 100%) on persons who travel alone. </p><p>Older singles are also heavily targeted by marketers, for much the same reasons. They are typically divorcees or widowed, perhaps reconciled to being single for the rest of their lives, and looking to make the most of what remains to them. Their children, if any, will typically be financially independent. They may, or may not, be looking for another relationship. There is a whole industry dedicated to making unsolicited telephone calls to this group in the hope of exploiting the ones who cannot distinguish between the honest and the dishonest. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Depiction_in_popular_culture">Depiction in popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Single_person&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Depiction in popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Film_and_television">Film and television</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Single_person&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Film and television"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Living_Single" title="Living Single">Living Single</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sex_and_the_City" title="Sex and the City">Sex and the City</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Entourage_(American_TV_series)" title="Entourage (American TV series)">Entourage</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/How_to_Be_Single" title="How to Be Single">How to Be Single</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Golden_Girls" title="The Golden Girls">The Golden Girls</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Single_Moms_Club" title="The Single Moms Club">The Single Moms Club</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Girls_(TV_series)" title="Girls (TV series)">Girls</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Singles_(1992_film)" title="Singles (1992 film)">Singles</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bridget_Jones_(film_series)" title="Bridget Jones (film series)">Bridget Jones's Diary</a></i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literature">Literature</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Single_person&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bridget_Jones%27s_Diary_(novel)" title="Bridget Jones's Diary (novel)">Bridget Jones's Diary</a></i></li> <li><i>Single Life: Unmarried Adults in Social Context</i><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Single: Arguments for the Uncoupled</i><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Going Solo: The Extraordinary Rise and Surprising Appeal of Living Alone</i><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>All the Single Ladies: Unmarried Women and the Rise of an Independent Nation</i><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Happy_Singlehood:_The_Rising_Acceptance_and_Celebration_of_Solo_Living" title="Happy Singlehood: The Rising Acceptance and Celebration of Solo Living">Happy Singlehood: The Rising Acceptance and Celebration of Solo Living</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-Kislev_2019_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kislev_2019-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Single_person&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Singles_Awareness_Day" title="Singles Awareness Day">Singles Awareness Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singles%27_Day" title="Singles' Day">Singles' Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singleton_(lifestyle)" title="Singleton (lifestyle)">Singleton (lifestyle)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Single_person&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 35em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-auto2-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto2_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto2_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto2_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychology+Today&rft.atitle=How+Living+Alone+Increases+the+Risk+of+Depression&rft.date=2022-11-27&rft.aulast=Emamzadeh&rft.aufirst=Arash&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.psychologytoday.com%2Fgb%2Fblog%2Ffinding-new-home%2F202211%2Fhow-living-alone-increases-the-risk-depression&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASingle+person" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2019/may/25/women-happier-without-children-or-a-spouse-happiness-expert">"Women are happier without children or a spouse, says happiness expert"</a>. <i>the Guardian</i>. 25 May 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=the+Guardian&rft.atitle=Women+are+happier+without+children+or+a+spouse%2C+says+happiness+expert&rft.date=2019-05-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Flifeandstyle%2F2019%2Fmay%2F25%2Fwomen-happier-without-children-or-a-spouse-happiness-expert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASingle+person" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto1-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/02/14/health-benefits-of-being-single_n_2678357.html.ece">" Health Benefits Of Being Single"</a>. <i>Huffpost Healthy Living</i>. 12 February 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-auto_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.health.harvard.edu/newsletters/Harvard_Mens_Health_Watch/2010/July/marriage-and-mens-health.ece">" Marriage and men's health"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140912045442/http://www.health.harvard.edu/newsletters/Harvard_Mens_Health_Watch/2010/July/marriage-and-mens-health.ece">Archived</a> 2014-09-12 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i>Harvard Health Publications</i>. 10 July 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jarice Hanson. (2007) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6j0GhI1MrdkC&pg=PA81"><i>24/7: how cell phones and the Internet change the way we live, work, and play</i></a>, p. 81</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jane Ganahl. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2004/03/28/LVGJ65Q2PQ1.DTL">"The downside of cyber-romance"</a>, <i>San Francisco Chronicle</i>, 28 March 2004</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Roy S. Gutterman. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jewishexponent.com/article/15731/">"There's a Science (and Terminology) to the Process of Getting Rejected"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080621071505/http://www.jewishexponent.com/article/15731/">Archived</a> 2008-06-21 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>The (Philadelphia) Jewish Exponent</i>, 3 April 2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Larry Glanz and Robert H. Phillips. (2003) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0FYJaDOFUPUC&dq=%22singles+events%22&pg=PA59"><i>Guy Gets Girl, Girl Gets Guy: Where to Find Romance and What to Say When You Find It</i></a>, p. 59</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Monica B. Morris. (2005) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/fallinginloveaga00morr/page/80"><i>Falling in love again: the mature woman's guide to finding romantic fulfillment</i></a>, p. 80</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jessica Gresko, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/contentr/article/2006/12/23/AR2006122300971.html"><i>Dec. 24 Becomes Party Night for Jewish Singles</i></a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged June 2021">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup>, Associated Press (Washington Post), 24 December 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">William July, II. (2003) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uMI_UItS4z0C&pg=PA113"><i>Confessions of an ex-bachelor</i></a>, p. 113</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Single life : unmarried adults in social context</i>. Stein, Peter J., 1937-. New York: St. Martin's Press. 1981. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0312725965" title="Special:BookSources/0312725965"><bdi>0312725965</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/7289383">7289383</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Single+life+%3A+unmarried+adults+in+social+context&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=St.+Martin%27s+Press&rft.date=1981&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F7289383&rft.isbn=0312725965&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASingle+person" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: others (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others" title="Category:CS1 maint: others">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCobb,_Michael_L.2012" class="citation book cs1">Cobb, Michael L. (2 July 2012). <i>Single : arguments for the uncoupled</i>. New York. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780814772560" title="Special:BookSources/9780814772560"><bdi>9780814772560</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/782878106">782878106</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Single+%3A+arguments+for+the+uncoupled&rft.place=New+York&rft.date=2012-07-02&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F782878106&rft.isbn=9780814772560&rft.au=Cobb%2C+Michael+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASingle+person" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKlinenberg,_Eric.2013" class="citation book cs1">Klinenberg, Eric. (2013). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/goingsoloextraor00eric"><i>Going solo : the extraordinary rise and surprising appeal of living alone</i></a></span>. New York: Penguin Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780143122777" title="Special:BookSources/9780143122777"><bdi>9780143122777</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/825111785">825111785</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Going+solo+%3A+the+extraordinary+rise+and+surprising+appeal+of+living+alone&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Penguin+Books&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F825111785&rft.isbn=9780143122777&rft.au=Klinenberg%2C+Eric.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgoingsoloextraor00eric&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASingle+person" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTraister,_Rebecca2016" class="citation book cs1">Traister, Rebecca (March 2016). <i>All the single ladies : unmarried women and the rise of an independent nation</i> (First Simon & Schuster hardcover ed.). New York. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781476716565" title="Special:BookSources/9781476716565"><bdi>9781476716565</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/933728312">933728312</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=All+the+single+ladies+%3A+unmarried+women+and+the+rise+of+an+independent+nation&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=First+Simon+%26+Schuster+hardcover&rft.date=2016-03&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F933728312&rft.isbn=9781476716565&rft.au=Traister%2C+Rebecca&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASingle+person" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Single_person&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDSM-5-TR" class="citation book cs1">"Neurodevelopmental Disorders". <a href="/wiki/DSM-5-TR" class="mw-redirect" title="DSM-5-TR"><i>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-5-TR)</i></a>. Washington, DC: <a href="/wiki/American_Psychiatric_Association" title="American Psychiatric Association">American Psychiatric Association</a>. 18 March 2022. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-89042-577-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-89042-577-0"><bdi>978-0-89042-577-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/2021051782">2021051782</a>.</cite><span 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href="/wiki/Sociosexuality" title="Sociosexuality">Sociosexuality</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion-rights_movement" title="Abortion-rights movement">Abortion-rights movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolescent_sexuality" title="Adolescent sexuality">Adolescent sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_consent" title="Age of consent">Age of consent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decriminalization_of_sex_work" title="Decriminalization of sex work">Decriminalization of sex work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dogging_(sexual_slang)" title="Dogging (sexual slang)">Dogging (sexual slang)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_female_sexuality" title="Human female sexuality">Human female sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_male_sexuality" title="Human male sexuality">Human male sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_rights_by_country_or_territory" title="LGBTQ rights by country or territory">LGBTQ rights by country or territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porn_for_women" title="Porn for women">Porn for women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_sex" title="Public sex">Public sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reproductive_rights" title="Reproductive rights">Reproductive rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_privacy" title="Right to privacy">Right to privacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_sexuality" title="Right to sexuality">Right to sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_Addicts_Anonymous" title="Sex Addicts Anonymous">Sex Addicts Anonymous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_and_drugs" title="Sex and drugs">Sex and drugs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_worker_movements" title="Sex worker movements">Sex worker movements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_workers%27_rights" title="Sex workers' rights">Sex workers' 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