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Hồi giáo – Wikipedia tiếng Việt
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open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="vi" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <p><b>Hồi giáo</b> hay còn gọi là <b>đạo Hồi</b> hay là <b>đạo Islam</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_%E1%BA%A2_R%E1%BA%ADp?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tiếng Ả Rập">tiếng Ả Rập</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">الإسلام</span>, <small>chuyển tự </small><i lang="ar-Latn" title="Chuyển tự tiếng Ả Rập">al-ʾIslām</i>) là một <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/T%C3%B4n_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tôn giáo">tôn giáo</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/C%C3%A1c_t%C3%B4n_gi%C3%A1o_kh%E1%BB%9Fi_ngu%E1%BB%93n_t%E1%BB%AB_Abraham?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Các tôn giáo khởi nguồn từ Abraham">khởi nguồn từ Abraham</a>, <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Thuy%E1%BA%BFt_%C4%91%E1%BB%99c_th%E1%BA%A7n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thuyết độc thần">độc thần</a>, dạy rằng chỉ có một Thiên Chúa (<a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Th%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_%C4%90%E1%BA%BF_trong_%C4%91%E1%BA%A1o_Islam?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Thượng Đế trong đạo Islam">Allah</a>) và <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Muhammad?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a> là sứ giả của Thiên Chúa.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-OEIW-allah_3-0" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-OEIW-allah-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Đây là tôn giáo lớn thứ hai thế giới<sup id="cite_ref-landscape_4-0" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-landscape-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> với hơn 2 tỷ người theo đạo Hồi, tương đương 25% dân số thế giới và họ thường được gọi là <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Người Hồi giáo">người Hồi giáo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hồi giáo chiếm phần lớn dân số ở <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o_theo_qu%E1%BB%91c_gia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hồi giáo theo quốc gia">50 quốc gia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-landscape_4-1" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-landscape-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hồi giáo dạy rằng <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Th%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_%C4%90%E1%BA%BF_trong_%C4%91%E1%BA%A1o_Islam?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Thượng Đế trong đạo Islam">Thiên Chúa</a> là lòng thương xót, <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Thi%C3%AAn_Ch%C3%BAa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thiên Chúa">Đấng Toàn năng và Duy nhất</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> và Chúa đã hướng dẫn loài người qua các sứ giả, thánh thư được tiết lộ và các dấu hiệu tự nhiên.<sup id="cite_ref-OEIW-allah_3-1" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-OEIW-allah-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kinh sách chính của Hồi giáo là <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Qur%27an?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Qur'an">Kinh Qur'an</a> (Cô-ran), được người Hồi giáo xem là lời <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/verbatim" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:verbatim">nguyên văn</a> của Thiên Chúa, và các giáo lý và ví dụ quy phạm (được gọi là <i><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Sunnah&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Sunnah (trang không tồn tại)">sunnah</a></i>, bao gồm các ghi chép được gọi là <i><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hadith?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hadith">hadith</a></i>) của Muhammad (570 – 8 tháng 6 632).</p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:IslamSymbolWhite.PNG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/IslamSymbolWhite.PNG/121px-IslamSymbolWhite.PNG" decoding="async" width="121" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/IslamSymbolWhite.PNG/182px-IslamSymbolWhite.PNG 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/IslamSymbolWhite.PNG 2x" data-file-width="195" data-file-height="199"></a> <figcaption> Vầng trăng lưỡi liềm cùng ngôi sao năm cánh là biểu tượng của Hồi giáo </figcaption> </figure> <p>Người Hồi giáo tin rằng Hồi giáo là phiên bản hoàn chỉnh và phổ quát của một đức tin nguyên thủy đã được tiết lộ nhiều lần trước đây thông qua các tiên tri bao gồm Adam, Abraham, Moses và Jesus.<sup id="cite_ref-People-of-the-Book_9-0" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-People-of-the-Book-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Người Hồi giáo coi <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Qur%27an?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Qur'an">Kinh Qur'an</a> trong <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_%E1%BA%A2_R%E1%BA%ADp?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tiếng Ả Rập">tiếng Ả Rập</a> gốc của nó là sự mặc khải không thay đổi và cuối cùng của Thiên Chúa.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Giống như các <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/C%C3%A1c_t%C3%B4n_gi%C3%A1o_kh%E1%BB%9Fi_ngu%E1%BB%93n_t%E1%BB%AB_Abraham?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Các tôn giáo khởi nguồn từ Abraham">tôn giáo Abraham</a> khác, Hồi giáo cũng dạy về một ngày phán xử cuối cùng với người tốt sẽ được lên thiên đường và người xấu sẽ bị trừng phạt tại địa ngục.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Các khái niệm và thực hành tôn giáo bao gồm <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/N%C4%83m_C%E1%BB%99t_tr%E1%BB%A5_c%E1%BB%A7a_H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Năm Cột trụ của Hồi giáo">Năm trụ cột Hồi giáo</a>, là những hành vi tôn giáo bắt buộc và tuân theo luật Hồi giáo (<i><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Shari%27a?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Shari'a">sharia</a></i>), ảnh hưởng đến hầu hết mọi khía cạnh của cuộc sống và xã hội, từ ngân hàng và <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zakat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zakat">phúc lợi</a> cho <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ph%E1%BB%A5_n%E1%BB%AF_H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Phụ nữ Hồi giáo">phụ nữ</a> và môi trường.<sup id="cite_ref-Harvtxt|Esposito|2002b_15-0" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Harvtxt%7CEsposito%7C2002b-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Harvtxt|Esposito|2002b_15-1" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Harvtxt%7CEsposito%7C2002b-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-oxforddic_16-0" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-oxforddic-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Các thành phố <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mecca?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mecca">Mecca</a>, <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Medina?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Medina">Medina</a> và <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jerusalem?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a> là nơi có ba địa điểm linh thiêng nhất trong đạo Hồi.<sup id="cite_ref-Trofimov_17-0" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Trofimov-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Bên cạnh những câu chuyện mang tính <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Aqidah&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Aqidah (trang không tồn tại)">thần học</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Harvtxt|Esposito|2002b_15-2" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Harvtxt%7CEsposito%7C2002b-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Esposito1998_18-0" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Esposito1998-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Peters2003_19-0" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Peters2003-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hồi giáo được lịch sử cho là có nguồn gốc từ đầu thế kỷ thứ 7 sau <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/C%C3%B4ng_Nguy%C3%AAn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Công Nguyên">CN</a> tại Mecca,<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> và đến thế kỷ thứ 8 các vua <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nh%C3%A0_Omeyyad?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nhà Omeyyad">Nhà Omeyyad</a> kéo dài từ <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Al-Andalus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Al-Andalus">Iberia</a> ở phía tây đến <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%B4ng_%E1%BA%A4n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sông Ấn">Sông Indus</a> ở phía đông. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Th%E1%BB%9Di_%C4%91%E1%BA%A1i_ho%C3%A0ng_kim_H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Thời đại hoàng kim Hồi giáo (trang không tồn tại)">Thời đại hoàng kim Hồi giáo</a> đề cập đến thời kỳ truyền thống có niên đại từ thế kỷ thứ 8 đến thế kỷ 13, trong thời đại <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nh%C3%A0_Abbas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nhà Abbas">Abbasid Caliphate</a>, khi phần lớn <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Th%E1%BA%BF_gi%E1%BB%9Bi_H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thế giới Hồi giáo">thế giới Hồi giáo</a> trong lịch sử đang trải qua thời kỳ hưng thịnh về khoa học, kinh tế và văn hóa.<sup id="cite_ref-Saliba_21-0" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Saliba-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-King_22-0" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-King-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hassan-Decline_23-0" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Hassan-Decline-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sự mở rộng của thế giới Hồi giáo liên quan đến nhiều <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Khalifah?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Khalifah">caliphate</a> khác nhau, như <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%BF_qu%E1%BB%91c_Ottoman?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đế quốc Ottoman">Đế chế Ottoman</a>, thương nhân và việc <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Chuy%E1%BB%83n_%C4%91%E1%BB%95i_sang_H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Chuyển đổi sang Hồi giáo (trang không tồn tại)">chuyển đổi sang Hồi giáo</a> bằng các hoạt động truyền giáo (<i>dawah</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Hầu hết người Hồi giáo là thuộc một trong hai <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/C%C3%A1c_chi_nh%C3%A1nh_c%E1%BB%A7a_Islam?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Các chi nhánh của Islam">giáo phái</a>; <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o_Sunni?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hồi giáo Sunni">Sunni</a> (85-90%)<sup id="cite_ref-Sunni-eb_25-0" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Sunni-eb-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> hoặc <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o_Shia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hồi giáo Shia">Shia</a> (10-15%).<sup id="cite_ref-Shia_26-0" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Shia-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Khoảng 13% người Hồi giáo sống ở <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indonesia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>, quốc gia đa số Hồi giáo lớn nhất;<sup id="cite_ref-pew2015countries_27-0" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-pew2015countries-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 31% người Hồi giáo sống ở Nam Á,<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dân số Hồi giáo lớn nhất thế giới;<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 20% tại <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/MENA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="MENA">Trung Đông, Bắc Phi</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> nơi đây là tôn giáo thống trị;<sup id="cite_ref-pewmuslim22_31-0" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-pewmuslim22-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> và 15% ở <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ch%C3%A2u_Phi_H%E1%BA%A1_Sahara?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Châu Phi Hạ Sahara">châu Phi cận Sahara</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pewmuslim32_32-0" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-pewmuslim32-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o_theo_qu%E1%BB%91c_gia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hồi giáo theo quốc gia">Các cộng đồng Hồi giáo</a> có quy mô cũng được tìm thấy ở Châu Mỹ, <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kavkaz?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kavkaz">Kavkaz</a>, Trung Á, Trung Quốc, Châu Âu, <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/B%C3%A1n_%C4%91%E1%BA%A3o_%C4%90%C3%B4ng_D%C6%B0%C6%A1ng?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bán đảo Đông Dương">Đông Nam Á lục địa</a>, <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Philippines?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> và Nga.<sup id="cite_ref-pewmuslim12_33-0" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-pewmuslim12-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hồi giáo là tôn giáo lớn phát triển nhanh nhất trên thế giới.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-USNewsLippman_37-0" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-USNewsLippman-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Phong trào Darul Islam (Ngôi nhà Hồi giáo) tố cáo nhà nước phân biệt đối xử với Hồi giáo và khoan dung hơn với các cộng đồng thiểu số. Darul Islam nổi loạn đòi thành lập nhà nước Hồi giáo tại Indonesia và đã bị đàn áp. Đến năm 1962, tổ chức này bị quân đội xóa sổ.</p> <p>Đến cuối thập niên 1990, xung đột bạo lực gia tăng trở lại chủ yếu do nhóm khủng bố Hồi giáo Jemaah Islamiyah (Cộng đồng Hồi giáo) có liên hệ với Al Qaeda thực hiện. Chúng tuyên bố phát động "thánh chiến". Đối tượng bị tấn công nhiều nhất là người Indonesia gốc Hoa và giáo dân Thiên Chúa giáo.</p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="vi" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Mục lục</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Ngu%E1%BB%93n_g%E1%BB%91c"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Nguồn gốc</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#C%C3%A1c_t%C3%AAn_g%E1%BB%8Di_v%C3%A0_c%E1%BB%A5m_t%E1%BB%AB_li%C3%AAn_quan"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Các tên gọi và cụm từ liên quan</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Gi%C3%A1o_l%C3%BD"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Giáo lý</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#N%C4%83m_C%E1%BB%99t_tr%E1%BB%A5_c%E1%BB%A7a_H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Năm Cột trụ của Hồi giáo</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Tuy%C3%AAn_x%C6%B0ng_%C4%90%E1%BB%A9c_tin_-_Shahada"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Tuyên xưng Đức tin - Shahada</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#C%E1%BA%A7u_nguy%E1%BB%87n_-_Salah"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Cầu nguyện - Salah</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#B%E1%BB%91_th%C3%AD_-_Zakat"><span class="tocnumber">4.3</span> <span class="toctext">Bố thí - Zakat</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Nh%E1%BB%8Bn_%C4%83n_-_Sawm"><span class="tocnumber">4.4</span> <span class="toctext">Nhịn ăn - Sawm</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#H%C3%A0nh_h%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_-_Hajj"><span class="tocnumber">4.5</span> <span class="toctext">Hành hương - Hajj</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#S%E1%BB%B1_ph%C3%A2n_chia_H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Sự phân chia Hồi giáo</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o_Sunni"><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Hồi giáo Sunni</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o_Shia"><span class="tocnumber">5.2</span> <span class="toctext">Hồi giáo Shia</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Sufi_gi%C3%A1o"><span class="tocnumber">5.3</span> <span class="toctext">Sufi giáo</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#C%C3%A1c_d%C3%B2ng_kh%C3%A1c"><span class="tocnumber">5.4</span> <span class="toctext">Các dòng khác</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Th%C3%A1nh_%C4%91%E1%BB%8Ba_Mecca"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Thánh địa Mecca</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Ch%E1%BB%89_tr%C3%ADch"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Chỉ trích</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#C%C3%A1c_qu%E1%BB%91c_gia_c%C3%B3_s%E1%BB%91_d%C3%A2n_theo_H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Các quốc gia có số dân theo Hồi giáo</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-18"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Ghi_ch%C3%BA"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Ghi chú</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-19"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Ch%C3%BA_th%C3%ADch"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">Chú thích</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-20"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Tham_kh%E1%BA%A3o"><span class="tocnumber">11</span> <span class="toctext">Tham khảo</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-21"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%C4%90%E1%BB%8Dc_th%C3%AAm"><span class="tocnumber">12</span> <span class="toctext">Đọc thêm</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-22"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Li%C3%AAn_k%E1%BA%BFt_ngo%C3%A0i"><span class="tocnumber">13</span> <span class="toctext">Liên kết ngoài</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Nguồn_gốc"><span id="Ngu.E1.BB.93n_g.E1.BB.91c"></span>Nguồn gốc</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sửa đổi phần “Nguồn gốc”" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>sửa</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>Trong lịch sử, đạo Hồi ra đời vào <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Th%E1%BA%BF_k%E1%BB%B7_7?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thế kỷ 7">thế kỷ 7</a> tại <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/B%C3%A1n_%C4%91%E1%BA%A3o_%E1%BA%A2_R%E1%BA%ADp?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bán đảo Ả Rập">bán đảo Ả Rập</a>, do Thiên sứ <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Muhammad?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a> nhận mặc khải của Thiên Chúa truyền lại cho con người qua thiên thần Jibrael (Gabriel). Đạo Hồi chỉ tôn thờ <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Thi%C3%AAn_Ch%C3%BAa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thiên Chúa">Thiên Chúa</a>, Đấng Duy Nhất (tiếng Ả Rập: الله <i>Allāh</i>). Đối với tín đồ, Muhammad là vị Thiên Sứ cuối cùng được Allah <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/M%E1%BA%B7c_kh%E1%BA%A3i?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Mặc khải">mặc khải</a> Thiên <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Qur%27an?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Qur'an">Kinh Qur'an</a> (còn viết là Koran) qua <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Thi%C3%AAn_th%E1%BA%A7n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Thiên thần">Thiên thần</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/T%E1%BB%95ng_l%C3%A3nh_thi%C3%AAn_th%E1%BA%A7n_Gabriel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tổng lãnh thiên thần Gabriel">Jibrael</a>.</p> <p>Islam theo tiếng Ả rập có nghĩa là phục tùng, vâng mệnh, tuân theo, ngoài ra Islam còn là danh từ ghép từ 2 chữ Ikhlas & Salam (Bình an, Thuần khiết). Theo Hồi giáo, danh từ Islam được Allah dùng để gọi tôn giáo mà Ngài ban xuống được tìm thấy trong kinh Quran nên người Hồi giáo sử dụng tên này cho tôn giáo của mình</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Các_tên_gọi_và_cụm_từ_liên_quan"><span id="C.C3.A1c_t.C3.AAn_g.E1.BB.8Di_v.C3.A0_c.E1.BB.A5m_t.E1.BB.AB_li.C3.AAn_quan"></span>Các tên gọi và cụm từ liên quan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sửa đổi phần “Các tên gọi và cụm từ liên quan”" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>sửa</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:IslamSymbol.PNG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/IslamSymbol.PNG/150px-IslamSymbol.PNG" decoding="async" width="150" height="157" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="266" data-file-height="278"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 150px;height: 157px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/IslamSymbol.PNG/150px-IslamSymbol.PNG" data-width="150" data-height="157" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/IslamSymbol.PNG/225px-IslamSymbol.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/IslamSymbol.PNG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Biểu tượng của Hồi giáo được thế giới biết đến </figcaption> </figure> <p>Nguyên nghĩa của <i>Hồi giáo</i> trong tiếng <i>Ả Rập</i> là '<i><b>Islam'</b></i> và có nghĩa là "vâng mệnh, quy phục <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Th%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_%C4%91%E1%BA%BF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thượng đế">Thượng đế</a>". Người theo <i>Islam</i>, trong tiếng Ả Rập gọi là '<i><b>Muslim'</b></i>, do đó có các chữ <i>muslim</i>, <i>moslem</i> tiếng Anh và <i>musulman</i> tiếng Pháp, nghĩa là "người từ <i><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mosul?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mosul">Mosul</a></i>". Danh từ "Hồi giáo" xuất xứ từ dân tộc <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_C%E1%BB%91t?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hồi Cốt">Hồi Hột</a>. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_C%E1%BB%91t?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hồi Cốt">Hồi Hột</a> là nước láng giềng phương bắc của <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Trung_Qu%E1%BB%91c?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Trung Quốc">Trung Quốc</a> từ năm 616 đến 840. Lúc rộng lớn nhất lãnh thổ họ đông đến <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/M%C3%A3n_Ch%C3%A2u?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mãn Châu">Mãn Châu</a>, tây đến <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Trung_%C3%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Trung Á">Trung Á</a> <sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, và họ đã giúp <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nh%C3%A0_%C4%90%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Dng?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nhà Đường">nhà Đường</a> dẹp được loạn <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/An_L%E1%BB%99c_S%C6%A1n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="An Lộc Sơn">An Lộc Sơn</a>. Với thời gian, cách gọi đổi thành "<i>Hồi Hồi</i>". Tài liệu xưa nhất dùng danh từ "<i>Hồi Hồi</i>" là <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Li%C3%AAu_s%E1%BB%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liêu sử">Liêu sử</a>, soạn vào thế kỷ 12.<sup id="cite_ref-Traditional_China_1800_39-0" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Traditional_China_1800-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Đời nhà Nguyên (1260 - 1368), tại Trung Quốc, cụm từ "<i>người Hồi Hồi</i>" được dùng để chỉ định người Trung Á, bất luận theo tín ngưỡng nào. Đến đời Minh (1368 - 1644), cụm từ "<i>người Hồi Hồi</i>" mới dần dần đổi nghĩa để chỉ định tín đồ Islam.<sup id="cite_ref-Traditional_China_1800_39-1" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Traditional_China_1800-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Trước đó, người Hán thường gọi Islam là <i><b>Đại Thực giáo</b></i> hay <i><b>đạo A-lạp-bá</b></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "<i>A-lạp-bá</i>" (阿拉伯, <span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/B%C3%ADnh_%C3%A2m?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bính âm">bính âm</a>: Ālābó, đọc từ Arabo</span>) là phiên âm tiếng Hán của danh từ "<i>Ả Rập</i>". "Đại Thực" là phiên âm của chữ "<i>Tazik</i>" (大食, <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_H%C3%A1n_trung_c%E1%BB%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tiếng Hán trung cổ">tiếng Hán trung cổ</a>: <i>dhɑ̀ jhiək</i>), <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Ba_T%C6%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tiếng Ba Tư">tiếng Ba Tư</a> dùng gọi người "<i>Ả Rập</i>" <span style="font-size:85%;">(nhiều khả năng cũng có thể liên quan đến bộ tộc <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tajikistan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#T%E1%BB%AB_nguy%C3%AAn" title="Tajikistan">Tajik</a>)</span>, vì <i>Tazik</i> là tên một bộ tộc người <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%BA%A2_R%E1%BA%ADp?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Ả Rập">Ả Rập</a> tiếp xúc nhiều với <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iran?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iran">Ba Tư</a> thời xưa.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Do "Hồi Hồi" là tên gọi chủng tộc, không phải là dịch nghĩa của chữ <b>Islam</b> hay một tôn chỉ của Islam, nên một số người hạn chế dùng danh từ "Hồi giáo" hay "đạo Hồi". Trường hợp các tên "Đại Thực" hay "A-lạp-bá" cũng thế. Bởi thế, tại Trung Quốc, ngay từ năm 1335, thời <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nh%C3%A0_Nguy%C3%AAn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nhà Nguyên">nhà Nguyên</a>, đã có người đề ra cụm từ <b>Thanh Chân giáo</b> (清真教) để thích nghi hơn với tiếng Hán<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Đề nghị này được hưởng ứng rộng rãi nên ngày nay <b>Thanh Chân giáo</b> là cụm từ được ghi trong nhiều từ điển tiếng Hán <sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Tại Trung Quốc ngày nay cũng có nhiều "Thanh Chân tự" (清真寺) (thánh đường Islam) và "Thanh Chân thực đường" (清真菜堂) (quán ăn, nhà ăn <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Halal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Halal">halal</a>).</p> <p>Ngày nay tại Trung Quốc người ta cũng thường gọi <b>Islam</b> theo phiên âm là <b>Y Tư Lan giáo</b> (<a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ch%E1%BB%AF_H%C3%A1n_ph%E1%BB%93n_th%E1%BB%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chữ Hán phồn thể">Phồn thể</a>: 伊斯蘭教, <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ch%E1%BB%AF_H%C3%A1n_gi%E1%BA%A3n_th%E1%BB%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chữ Hán giản thể">giản thể</a>: 伊斯兰教 <i>Yīsīlán jiào</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Cơ quan đại diện Islam chính thức tại <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Trung_Qu%E1%BB%91c?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Trung Quốc">Trung Quốc</a> có tên là "Hiệp hội Y Tư Lan giáo Trung Quốc" (中国伊斯兰教协会 <i>Zhōngguó Yīsīlánjiào xiéhuì</i>) được ra đời ngày 11 tháng 5 năm 1953, trực thuộc chính quyền và có trụ sở tại <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/B%E1%BA%AFc_Kinh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bắc Kinh">Bắc Kinh</a>. <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%25E9%25A6%2596%25E9%25A1%25B5" class="extiw" title="zh:Wikipedia:首页">Wikipedia Trung văn</a> cũng dùng danh từ <b>Y Tư Lan giáo</b>.</p> <p>Nhiều tài liệu, văn bản trong <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Vi%E1%BB%87t?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tiếng Việt">tiếng Việt</a> từ nhiều năm nay cũng dùng danh từ <b>đạo Islam</b> hay <b>đạo Ixlam</b>. Tuy nhiên, nhiều tín hữu Islam nói <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Vi%E1%BB%87t?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tiếng Việt">tiếng Việt</a> vẫn dùng danh từ <b>Hồi giáo</b> vì đã quen nghĩ đến, nói đến danh từ này một cách tôn kính.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Giáo_lý"><span id="Gi.C3.A1o_l.C3.BD"></span>Giáo lý</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sửa đổi phần “Giáo lý”" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>sửa</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:Mosque.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Mosque.jpg/220px-Mosque.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Mosque.jpg/220px-Mosque.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Mosque.jpg/330px-Mosque.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Mosque.jpg/440px-Mosque.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Tín đồ Islam lễ bái </figcaption> </figure> <p>Tuy cùng một hệ thống nhất thần của <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/T%C3%B4n_gi%C3%A1o_kh%E1%BB%9Fi_ngu%E1%BB%93n_t%E1%BB%AB_Abraham?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Tôn giáo khởi nguồn từ Abraham">các tôn giáo khởi nguồn từ Abraham</a> nhưng giáo lý Hồi giáo không chịu ảnh hưởng tư tưởng của <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kit%C3%B4_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kitô giáo">Ki tô giáo</a> và <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Do_Th%C3%A1i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Do Thái giáo">Do Thái giáo</a>. Thể hiện rõ trong <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Qur%27an?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Qur'an">kinh Koran</a> (trong 6219 câu của kinh này đã thể hiện nội dung của kinh <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/C%E1%BB%B1u_%C6%AF%E1%BB%9Bc?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cựu Ước">Cựu Ước</a> và <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/T%C3%A2n_%C6%AF%E1%BB%9Bc?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tân Ước">Tân Ước</a>). Không như những tôn giáo bạn, đạo Hồi chỉ có duy nhất một quyển thiên kinh <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Qur%27an?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Qur'an">Qur'an</a>, gồm có 114 chương, 6236 tiết. Đối với các tín đồ Hồi giáo, thiên kinh Qur'an là một vật linh thiêng, vì đó chính là lời phán của Allah Đấng Toàn Năng.</p> <p>Người Hồi giáo tin tưởng các vị sứ giả đến trước sứ giả Muhammad, kể từ <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Adam?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Adam">Adam</a> đến <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gi%C3%AA-su?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Giê-su">Jesus</a> xuyên qua <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Noah?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Noah">Noah</a>, <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Abraham?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abraham">Abraham</a>, <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Moses?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Moses">Moise</a>, v.v. Họ cũng tin tưởng <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/C%E1%BB%B1u_%C6%AF%E1%BB%9Bc?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cựu Ước">Cựu ước</a> và <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/T%C3%A2n_%C6%AF%E1%BB%9Bc?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tân Ước">Tân ước</a> là kinh sách của Allah nhưng họ không thi hành theo vì sự "lệch lạc" do người Do Thái giáo và Thiên Chúa giáo tạo ra và thiên kinh Qur'an được Allah mặc khải xuống để điều chỉnh lại những gì đã sai trái ở hai kinh sách đó.</p> <ul> <li>Jesus đối với người Hồi giáo là một sứ giả rất được kính mến, nhưng họ không tin Jesus là con của Thiên Chúa (Allah), đối với họ Jesus chỉ là một con người, một sứ giả như mọi sứ giả khác vì theo quan điểm của Hồi giáo thì Thiên Chúa không có con, như Thiên kinh Qur'an đã phán: <dl> <dd> <i>Allah là Đấng Tạo Thiên Lập Địa! Làm thế nào Ngài có con khi Ngài không hề có người <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%C3%B4n_nh%C3%A2n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hôn nhân">bạn đời</a>? Chính Ngài là Đấng đã sáng tạo và thông hiểu tất cả mọi vật."</i> (trích 6:101) </dd> </dl></li> <li>Hồi giáo không chấp nhận tội tổ tông, việc làm của <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Adam?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Adam">Adam</a> và <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eva?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eva">Eva</a> không phải là nguồn gốc tội lỗi của loài người. Và không có một ai có quyền rửa tội cho một ai khác; ngoại trừ Allah.</li> </ul> <p>Sự khác nhau giữa <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/C%E1%BB%B1u_%C6%AF%E1%BB%9Bc?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cựu Ước">Cựu Ước</a>, <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/T%C3%A2n_%C6%AF%E1%BB%9Bc?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tân Ước">Tân Ước</a> và <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Thi%C3%AAn_Kinh_Qur%27an?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Thiên Kinh Qur'an">Thiên Kinh Qur'an</a> trên quan điểm Đấng Toàn Năng như sau:</p> <p><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/C%E1%BB%B1u_%C6%AF%E1%BB%9Bc?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cựu Ước">Cựu Ước</a>:</p> <div class="quotebox pullquote centered" style=";"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r44429064">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:0.5em 1.4em 0.8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:0.5em 0 0.8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{margin:0.5em auto 0.8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft p,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright p{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{background-color:#F9F9F9;text-align:center;font-size:larger;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" “ ";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" ” ";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:360px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{min-width:100%;margin:0 0 0.8em!important;float:none!important}}</style> <div class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> Thiên Chúa sáng tạo con người theo hình ảnh mình. </div> <p><cite class="left-aligned" style="">sách Sáng Thế 1:27.</cite></p> </div> <p><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/T%C3%A2n_%C6%AF%E1%BB%9Bc?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tân Ước">Tân Ước</a>:</p> <div class="quotebox pullquote centered" style=";"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r44429064"> <div class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> Ta và Cha ta là một. </div> <p><cite class="left-aligned" style="">Tân ước <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gioan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Gioan">Gioan</a> 10:30.</cite></p> </div> <p><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Qu%27ran?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Qu'ran">Thiên Kinh Qur'an</a>:</p> <div class="quotebox pullquote centered" style=";"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r44429064"> <div class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> Ngài là Đấng Duy Nhất. Allah Đấng Độc Lập và Cứu Rỗi. Ngài chẳng sinh ra ai và cũng chẳng ai sinh ra Ngài. Không một ai đồng đẳng với Ngài. </div> <p><cite class="left-aligned" style="">Thiên Kinh Qu'ran 112: 1-4.</cite></p> </div> <p>Đạo Hồi không có Mười Điều Răn như đạo Ki Tô nhưng kinh Qur'an cũng liệt kê mười điều tương tự:</p> <ol> <li>Chỉ tôn thờ một Thiên Chúa (tiếng Ả Rập là Allah).</li> <li>Vinh danh và kính trọng cha mẹ.</li> <li>Tôn trọng quyền của người khác.</li> <li>Hãy bố thí rộng rãi cho người nghèo.</li> <li>Cấm giết người, ngoại trừ trường hợp đặc biệt (*).</li> <li>Cấm ngoại tình.</li> <li>Hãy bảo vệ và chu cấp trẻ mồ côi.</li> <li>Hãy cư xử công bằng với mọi người.</li> <li>Hãy trong sạch trong tình cảm và tinh thần.</li> <li>Hãy khiêm tốn</li> </ol> <p>(*) Trường hợp đặc biệt được phép giết người mà không bị trọng tội là:</p> <p>1) Trong khi kháng cự hoặc chiến đấu chống lại những kẻ lùng giết người đạo mình nhằm cưỡng bách bỏ đạo. Nhưng nếu chiến thắng, phải noi gương thiên sứ Muhammad, tha thứ và đối xử nhân đạo với phần đông kẻ bại trận.</p> <p>2) Giết những tên sát nhân để trừ hại cho dân lành.</p> <p>Ngoài ra tín đồ Hồi giáo có một số luật lệ:</p> <ul> <li>Một lần trong đời, họ phải hành hương về thánh địa <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mecca?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mecca">Mecca</a>, nhưng với điều kiện họ không vay mượn hay xin phí tổn. Trước khi đi, họ phải lo cho gia đình vợ con đầy đủ những nhu cầu cần thiết trong thời gian họ vắng mặt hành hương.</li> <li>Nghiêm cấm ăn máu, thịt con vật đã chết trước khi được cắt tiết theo nghi thức; không được ăn thịt lợn vì <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chi_L%E1%BB%A3n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chi Lợn">lợn</a> là <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lo%C3%A0i_v%E1%BA%ADt_%C3%B4_u%E1%BA%BF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Loài vật ô uế">loài vật ô uế</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Nghiêm cấm uống <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3u?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Rượu">rượu</a> và các thức uống lên men.</li> <li>Nghiêm cấm cờ bạc.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Nghiêm cấm gian dâm và trai gái quan hệ xác thịt trước khi cưới hỏi.</li> <li>Nghiêm cấm ăn những con vật ăn thịt sống hay ăn tạp (như <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ch%C3%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chó">chó</a>, <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/M%C3%A8o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mèo">mèo</a>, <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chu%E1%BB%99t?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Chuột">chuột</a>, v.v.).</li> <li>Người Hồi giáo chỉ được ăn <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Halal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Halal">thịt halal</a>, tức là thịt đã được giết mổ theo nghi thức của đạo Hồi. Tuy nhiên, trong trường hợp tuyệt đối không có gì ăn, họ được ăn mọi thứ để duy trì sự sống.</li> <li>Hàng năm phải thực hiện tháng ăn chay <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ramadan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ramadan">Ramadan</a> để tưởng nhớ và biết thương xót người nghèo. Tháng này tính theo lịch <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/M%E1%BA%B7t_Tr%C4%83ng?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mặt Trăng">Mặt Trăng</a>. Trong tháng này, khi còn ánh sáng <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/M%E1%BA%B7t_Tr%E1%BB%9Di?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mặt Trời">Mặt Trời</a>, họ không được ăn và uống, đến đêm thì mới ăn. Cũng trong tháng này, con người phải tha thứ và sám hối, vợ chồng không được gần nhau vào ban ngày nhưng ban đêm vẫn có thể ân ái với nhau. Trẻ em và phụ nữ có mang không phải thực hiện Ramadan.</li> <li>Hồi giáo nghiêm cấm kỳ thị chủng tộc và tôn giáo, tín đồ Hồi giáo không được phép chỉ trích cũng như phán xét người khác. Đó là việc của Allah Đấng Toàn Năng</li> </ul> <p>Trên phương diện khoa học nhân văn, Hồi giáo là một tôn giáo ra đời vào thế kỷ thứ 7, dựa trên những nền tảng có sẵn của <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Do_Th%C3%A1i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Do Thái giáo">Do Thái giáo</a> và <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kit%C3%B4_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kitô giáo">Kitô giáo</a>. Đôi khi người ta cũng gọi Hồi giáo là đạo Muhammad (Muhammadanism), theo tên của đức sáng tổ.</p> <p>Tuy nhiên, với những tín đồ Hồi giáo, đạo của họ là đạo thường hằng trong vũ trụ, do Thượng đế tạo ra, và vì Thượng đế vốn bất sinh bất diệt nên đạo của Ngài cũng bất sinh bất diệt; còn Muhammad đơn thuần chỉ là một người "thuật nhi bất tác", thuật lại cho mọi người những mặc khải của Thượng đế mà thôi. Trong quan niệm của các tín đồ, Hồi giáo không khởi sinh từ Muhammad. Với họ, con người đầu tiên do Thượng đế tạo ra, tức Adam, là tín đồ Hồi giáo đầu tiên, và ngay từ thuở <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93ng_hoang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hồng hoang">hồng hoang</a>, khắp đất trời đã là một vương quốc Hồi giáo. Không chỉ người mà thôi, mà tất cả muông thú, cỏ cây đều tuân theo Hồi giáo cả. Sở dĩ Adam và loài người được kiến tạo là để thay mặt Thượng đế cai quản các loài thảo cầm ở nhân gian. Và vì đẳng cấp của loài người cao như thế tự do ý chí nên vấn đề nảy sinh từ đây. Sự tự do ý chí đôi khi dẫn đến những lầm lạc, lầm lạc dẫn đến rời bỏ <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Th%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_%C4%91%E1%BA%BF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thượng đế">Thượng đế</a>, và xa dần chính đạo. Khi <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Adam?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Adam">Adam</a>, con người đầu tiên và cũng là Thiên Sứ đầu tiên, lìa trần, con cháu ông, không còn ai chỉ bảo, càng lún sâu vào con đường tối. Do thế mà Thượng đế lại phải gửi xuống nhân gian những vị Thiên Sứ mới để nhắc lại Thiên Đạo, đưa loài người về đúng nẻo ngay. Trước <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Muhammad?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a>, đã có hằng trăm ngàn <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Thi%C3%AAn_s%E1%BB%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thiên sứ">Thiên Sứ</a> giảng lời mặc khải ở trần thế, trong đó có <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Noah?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Noah">Noah</a>, <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Abraham?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abraham">Abraham</a> (Ibrohim), <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Moses?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Moses">Moses</a> (Musa), <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/David?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="David">David</a> (Dawud) và <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gi%C3%AA-su?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Giê-su">Jesus</a> (Ysa)... Tuy nhiên, một là do loài người u mê chưa tỉnh ngộ, hai là do sự ngoan cố, tự cao, tự đại của con người, mà chính đạo vẫn bị bóp méo như thường. Rốt cuộc, đến <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Th%E1%BA%BF_k%E1%BB%B7_7?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thế kỷ 7">thế kỷ 7</a>, <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Th%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_%C4%91%E1%BA%BF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thượng đế">Thượng đế</a> khải thị cho Muhammad, và biến ông trở thành vị Thiên Sứ hoàn hảo nhất trước nay, hơn hẳn những Thiên Sứ tiền nhiệm. Do đó mà đạo của Muhammad truyền bá cũng là hoàn hảo nhất, không thể bị bóp méo như trước kia. Muhammad là vị Thiên Sứ cuối cùng, và bất cứ ai dám xưng Thiên Sứ sau Muhammad đều là kẻ tà giáo. Như đã thấy ở trên, Abraham (Ibrohim) cử xuống cho Do Thái Giáo, và <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gi%C3%AAsu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Giêsu">Giêsu</a> (Ysa) cử xuống cho Kitô giáo, đều có vị trí <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Thi%C3%AAn_s%E1%BB%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thiên sứ">Thiên sứ</a> trong Hồi giáo. Như vậy, Thiên Chúa mà ba tôn giáo này thờ phượng chỉ là một.</p> <p>Từ Allah trong <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_%E1%BA%A2_R%E1%BA%ADp?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tiếng Ả Rập">tiếng Ả Rập</a> mang nghĩa là Thượng đế. (Những <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kit%C3%B4_h%E1%BB%AFu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kitô hữu">Kitô hữu</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_%E1%BA%A2_R%E1%BA%ADp?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Người Ả Rập">người Ả Rập</a> khi cầu nguyện cũng gọi Đức Chúa Cha là Allah). Thượng đế dĩ nhiên phải cao hơn Thánh và là duy nhất, vả lại trong đạo Hồi chính thống hoàn toàn không có khái niệm Thánh. Người <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Do_Th%C3%A1i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Do Thái giáo">Do Thái giáo</a> và <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Thi%C3%AAn_Ch%C3%BAa_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thiên Chúa giáo">Thiên Chúa giáo</a> cũng được tín đồ Hồi giáo tương đối coi trọng và gọi là Giáo Dân Thánh Thư (People of The Book). <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kinh_Th%C3%A1nh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kinh Thánh">Kinh Thánh</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kit%C3%B4_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kitô giáo">Kitô giáo</a> cũng là sách thiêng trong Hồi giáo, có điều người ta coi nó không đầy đủ và hoàn thiện như Koran.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Năm_Cột_trụ_của_Hồi_giáo"><span id="N.C4.83m_C.E1.BB.99t_tr.E1.BB.A5_c.E1.BB.A7a_H.E1.BB.93i_gi.C3.A1o"></span>Năm Cột trụ của Hồi giáo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sửa đổi phần “Năm Cột trụ của Hồi giáo”" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>sửa</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Bài chi tiết: <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/N%C4%83m_C%E1%BB%99t_tr%E1%BB%A5_c%E1%BB%A7a_H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Năm Cột trụ của Hồi giáo">Năm Cột trụ của Hồi giáo</a> </div> <p>Có năm cột trụ của đạo Hồi - đồng thời là năm hành vi hành đạo bắt buộc đối với tất cả những <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/T%C3%ADn_%C4%91%E1%BB%93_H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Tín đồ Hồi giáo">tín đồ Hồi giáo</a><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Chúng bao gồm: <i><b>Tuyên xưng Đức tin</b></i> - <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Shahada?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Shahada">Shahada</a> <i>(ٱلشَهَادَة aš-šahādah), <b>Cầu nguyện</b> năm lần mỗi ngày -</i> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Salat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Salat">Salah</a> <i>(صَلاة ṣalāh), <b>Bố thí</b> -</i> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zakat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zakat">Zakat</a> <i>(زكاة zakāt</i>), <i><b>Nhịn ăn</b> trong tháng <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ramadan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ramadan">Ramadan</a></i> - <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Sawm&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Sawm (trang không tồn tại)">Sawm</a> <i>(صوم ṣawm)</i> và <i><b>Hành hương</b> tới <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mecca?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mecca">thánh địa Mecca</a></i> - <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hajj?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hajj">Hajj</a> <i>(حج ḥajja).</i> Ngoài ra, các tín đồ Hồi giáo cũng thực hiện những hành vi tôn giáo khác.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Tuyên_xưng_Đức_tin_-_Shahada"><span id="Tuy.C3.AAn_x.C6.B0ng_.C4.90.E1.BB.A9c_tin_-_Shahada"></span>Tuyên xưng Đức tin - Shahada</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sửa đổi phần “Tuyên xưng Đức tin - Shahada”" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>sửa</span> </a> </span> </div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Bài chi tiết: <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Shahada?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Shahada">Shahada</a> </div> <p>Shahada <i>(ٱلشَهَادَة aš-šahādah - Chứng ngôn)</i> là lời khẳng định cho niềm tin trong Hồi giáo, có nội dung như sau:</p> <blockquote> <p><big><i>أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا ٱللَّٰهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ ٱللَّٰهِ</i></big></p> <p><big><i>(ašhadu ʾan lā ʾilāha ʾilla -llāhu, wa-ʾašhadu ʾanna muḥammadan rasūlu -llāh)</i></big></p> <p><i>Tôi thừa nhận rằng không có thánh thần nào ngoài Allah, và tôi chứng nhận Muhammad là sứ giả của Ngài.</i></p> </blockquote> <p>Chứng ngôn Shahada là điều kiện duy nhất cần thiết để một người có thể trở thành tín đồ Hồi giáo, hoặc để <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/C%E1%BA%A3i_%C4%91%E1%BA%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cải đạo">cải đạo</a> sang đạo Hồi<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Cầu_nguyện_-_Salah"><span id="C.E1.BA.A7u_nguy.E1.BB.87n_-_Salah"></span>Cầu nguyện - Salah</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sửa đổi phần “Cầu nguyện - Salah”" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>sửa</span> </a> </span> </div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Bài chi tiết: <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Salah?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Salah">Salah</a> </div> <p>Hành động cầu nguyện trong đạo Hồi được gọi là <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Salah?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Salah">Salah</a> (đôi khi là Salat, từ gốc tiếng Ả Rập: <i>الصلاة)</i> được coi là cách kết nối mỗi cá nhân với <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Allah?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Allah">Allah</a>, gồm có một chuỗi các hành động được lặp lại gọi là <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Rakat&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Rakat (trang không tồn tại)">rakat</a>. Việc cầu nguyện được thực hiện năm lần một ngày, sử dụng nguyên văn <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_%E1%BA%A2_R%E1%BA%ADp?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tiếng Ả Rập">tiếng Ả Rập</a> và thường là các câu, trích đoạn trong kinh <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Qur%27an?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Qur'an">Qur'an</a><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, hướng về phía của <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kaaba?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kaaba">Kaaba</a>. Trước khi thực hiện hành động cầu nguyện, các tín đồ được yêu cầu vệ sinh bản thân mình như rửa tay, mặt và chân của mình, việc này được gọi là <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Wudu&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Wudu (trang không tồn tại)">wudu</a> <i>(الوضوء al-wuḍū - Sự thanh tẩy).</i></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Bố_thí_-_Zakat"><span id="B.E1.BB.91_th.C3.AD_-_Zakat"></span>Bố thí - Zakat</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sửa đổi phần “Bố thí - Zakat”" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>sửa</span> </a> </span> </div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Bài chi tiết: <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zakat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zakat">Zakat</a> </div> <p>Zakat <i>(زكاة - sự thanh lọc)</i> có bản chất là một hành động <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ph%C3%BAc_l%E1%BB%A3i_x%C3%A3_h%E1%BB%99i?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Phúc lợi xã hội">phúc lợi xã hội</a> trong cộng đồng Hồi giáo, mà ở đó mỗi tín đồ (nếu như có khả năng) sẽ trích một phần tài sản của mình, thường vào khoảng 2,5% để giúp đỡ những hoàn cảnh nghèo khó, yếu thế, nợ nần, những người du hành<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Có năm quy tắc cơ bản mà một tín đồ phải tuân theo khi thực hiện Zakat:</p> <ol> <li>Người thực hiện phải tuyên thệ với <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Allah?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Allah">Allah</a> chủ đích của họ khi thực hiện bố thí.</li> <li>Zakat phải được thực hiện ngay, ít sự chậm trễ nhất có thể, chậm nhất là trong ngày.</li> <li>Sau khi bố thí, người thực hiện không được phép tiêu tiền nhiều hơn bình thường.</li> <li>Việc bố thí phải được diễn ra trên sự hảo tâm. Nếu một người có đủ điều kiện, họ phải trích một phần tài sản, nhưng nếu như không có nhiều, họ có thể thực hiện Zakat qua những cách khác, như có những hành động tốt, hành vi tốt với mọi vật - mọi người xung quanh.</li> <li>Người thực hiện Zakat ở đâu, số tài sản để bố thí phải quay trở lại cộng đồng ở đó</li> </ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Nhịn_ăn_-_Sawm"><span id="Nh.E1.BB.8Bn_.C4.83n_-_Sawm"></span>Nhịn ăn - Sawm</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sửa đổi phần “Nhịn ăn - Sawm”" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>sửa</span> </a> </span> </div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Bài chi tiết: <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Sawm&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Sawm (trang không tồn tại)">Sawm</a> </div> <p>Cột trụ thứ tư của Hồi giáo là Sawm, tức nhịn ăn. Việc nhịn ăn này được diễn ra trong tháng <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ramadan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ramadan">Ramadan</a> - là tháng lễ theo <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%E1%BB%8Bch_H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lịch Hồi giáo">lịch Hồi giáo</a>.</p> <p>Việc nhịn ăn được diễn ra từ trước khi <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/M%E1%BA%B7t_Tr%E1%BB%9Di_m%E1%BB%8Dc?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mặt Trời mọc">mặt trời mọc</a> cho tới khi kết thúc <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ho%C3%A0ng_h%C3%B4n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hoàng hôn">hoàng hôn</a>, trong khoảng thời gian đó các tín đồ không được phép bỏ bất cứ thứ gì vào miệng (việc ăn - uống, hút thuốc hoặc kể cả nói xấu người khác) và các <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ho%E1%BA%A1t_%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng_t%C3%ACnh_d%E1%BB%A5c_c%E1%BB%A7a_con_ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hoạt động tình dục của con người">hành vi tình dục</a>. Lý do cho hành vi nhịn ăn này là để nhắc nhở các tín đồ Hồi giáo về việc tất cả đều được ban ân bởi <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Allah?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Allah">Allah</a>, và có những hoàn cảnh kém may mắn hơn cần sự giúp đỡ của họ. Ramadan cũng là thời gian để các tín đồ củng cố niềm tin của mình, hoạt động <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Thi%E1%BB%87n_nguy%E1%BB%87n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thiện nguyện">thiện nguyện</a> và thú tội.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Hành_hương_-_Hajj"><span id="H.C3.A0nh_h.C6.B0.C6.A1ng_-_Hajj"></span>Hành hương - Hajj</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o&action=edit&section=9&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sửa đổi phần “Hành hương - Hajj”" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>sửa</span> </a> </span> </div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Bài chi tiết: <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hajj?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hajj">Hajj</a> </div> <p>Trong cuộc đời của một tín đồ, nếu có khả năng - họ sẽ phải thực hiện một chuyến hành hương tới <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mecca?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mecca">thánh địa Mecca</a> trong tháng 12 theo <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%E1%BB%8Bch_H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lịch Hồi giáo">lịch Hồi giáo</a>. Khi tới Mecca, tín đồ nam chỉ được mặc áo choàng đơn sơ, tín đồ nữ sẽ mặc một bộ đồ giản dị hơn trang phục thường ngày, để nhắc nhở rằng tất cả mọi người đều bình đẳng trước <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Allah?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Allah">Allah</a>. Trong quá trình thực hiện Hajj, tín đồ sẽ đi vòng quanh <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kaaba?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kaaba">Kaaba</a> bảy lần, chạm vào <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Vi%C3%AAn_%C4%90%C3%A1_%C4%90en&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Viên Đá Đen (trang không tồn tại)">Viên Đá Đen</a> (<i>ٱلْحَجَرُ ٱلْأَسْوَد, al-Ḥajaru al-ʾAswad),</i> đi qua <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Safa_v%C3%A0_Marwa&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Safa và Marwa (trang không tồn tại)">Safa và Marwa</a> bảy lần và thực hiện <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jamarat&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Jamarat (trang không tồn tại)">Jamarat</a> <i>(رمي الجمرات ramy al-Jamarāt)</i>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Sự_phân_chia_Hồi_giáo"><span id="S.E1.BB.B1_ph.C3.A2n_chia_H.E1.BB.93i_gi.C3.A1o"></span>Sự phân chia Hồi giáo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o&action=edit&section=10&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sửa đổi phần “Sự phân chia Hồi giáo”" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>sửa</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:Divisions_of_Islam.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Divisions_of_Islam.png/220px-Divisions_of_Islam.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="341" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="544" data-file-height="843"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 341px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Divisions_of_Islam.png/220px-Divisions_of_Islam.png" data-width="220" data-height="341" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Divisions_of_Islam.png/330px-Divisions_of_Islam.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Divisions_of_Islam.png/440px-Divisions_of_Islam.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Các nhánh của Hồi giáo </figcaption> </figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:Madhhab_Map3.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Madhhab_Map3.png/400px-Madhhab_Map3.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="194" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="8000" data-file-height="3882"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 400px;height: 194px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Madhhab_Map3.png/400px-Madhhab_Map3.png" data-width="400" data-height="194" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Madhhab_Map3.png/600px-Madhhab_Map3.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Madhhab_Map3.png/800px-Madhhab_Map3.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Phân bố của các nhánh Hồi giáo </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:Islam_by_country.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Islam_by_country.png/220px-Islam_by_country.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="101" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="922"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 101px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Islam_by_country.png/220px-Islam_by_country.png" data-width="220" data-height="101" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Islam_by_country.png/330px-Islam_by_country.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Islam_by_country.png/440px-Islam_by_country.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Các quốc gia Hồi giáo: hệ phái Shia màu đỏ; hệ phái Sunni màu lục </figcaption> </figure> <p>Đến nay Hồi giáo đã chia ra làm nhiều nhánh với những giáo lý và quan điểm chính trị khác biệt.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Hồi_giáo_Sunni"><span id="H.E1.BB.93i_gi.C3.A1o_Sunni"></span>Hồi giáo Sunni</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o&action=edit&section=11&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sửa đổi phần “Hồi giáo Sunni”" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>sửa</span> </a> </span> </div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Bài chi tiết: <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sunni?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunni">Sunni</a> </div> <p>Hồi giáo Sunni chiếm 75%–90% số người theo Đạo Hồi.<sup id="cite_ref-Sunni_52-0" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Sunni-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dòng Sunni cũng có tên <i>Ahl as-Sunnah</i> nghĩa là "người truyền thống [của Muhammad]".<sup id="cite_ref-Islam-Today_53-0" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Islam-Today-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Người theo Sunni tin rằng bốn <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Khalip?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Khalip">Khalip</a> đầu tiên là những người thừa kế hợp pháp của Muhammad; vì Chúa không chỉ định bất kỳ lãnh đạo đặc biệt nào để kế thừa ông và những người này được bầu ra. Người theo Sunni tin rằng bất cứ ai là người công chính và chỉ có thể là một khalip nhưng họ phải hành động theo kinh Qur'an và Hadith (tuyển tập lời dạy của Muhammad).</p> <p>Sunni theo Quran, sau đó là Hadith. Sau đó, các vấn đề pháp lý không được tìm thấy trong Kinh Qur'an hoặc Hadith, họ theo bốn <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madhhab&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Madhhab (trang không tồn tại)">madh'habs</a> (trường phái tư tưởng): <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Hanafi&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Hanafi (trang không tồn tại)">Hanafi</a>, <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Hanbali&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Hanbali (trang không tồn tại)">Hanbali</a>, <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Maliki&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Maliki (trang không tồn tại)">Maliki</a> và <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Shafi'i&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Shafi'i (trang không tồn tại)">Shafi'i</a>, được thành lập xung quanh những lời dạy tương ứng của <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ab%C5%AB_Hanifa&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Abū Hanifa (trang không tồn tại)">Abū Hanifa</a>, <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ahmad_bin_Hanbal&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Ahmad bin Hanbal (trang không tồn tại)">Ahmad bin Hanbal</a>, <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Malik_ibn_Anas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Malik ibn Anas">Malik ibn Anas</a> và <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Al-Shafi'i&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Al-Shafi'i (trang không tồn tại)">al-Shafi'i</a>.</p> <p>Tất cả bốn chấp nhận tính hợp pháp của nhau và Đạo Hồi có thể chọn bất kỳ một để theo.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Salafi&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Salafi (trang không tồn tại)">Salafi</a> (hay <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ahl_al-Hadith&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Ahl al-Hadith (trang không tồn tại)">Ahl al-Hadith</a> (tiếng Ả Rập: أهل الحديث; <i>Phái Ḥadīth</i>), hoặc từ miệt thị <i><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Wahhabi&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Wahhabi (trang không tồn tại)">Wahhabi</a></i> theo cách gọi của đối thủ họ) là một phong trào Hồi Giáo cực kỳ đề cao sự "chính thống" đã đưa lớp người Hồi Giáo đầu tiên là một hình mẫu điển hình.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Hồi_giáo_Shia"><span id="H.E1.BB.93i_gi.C3.A1o_Shia"></span>Hồi giáo Shia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o&action=edit&section=12&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sửa đổi phần “Hồi giáo Shia”" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>sửa</span> </a> </span> </div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Bài chi tiết: <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Shia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Shia">Shia</a> </div> <p><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Shi%27a?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Shi'a">Shi'a</a> chiếm 10–20% số người theo đạo Hồi và là nhánh lớn thứ 2.<sup id="cite_ref-Shia_26-1" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Shia-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Trong khi Sunni tin rằng Muhammad không chỉ định một người kế nhiệm và do đó kế nhiệm ông sẽ được chọn bởi cộng đồng thì Shia tin rằng trong lần hành hương cuối cùng của Muhammad đến Mecca, ông đã chỉ định con nuôi của ông là <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ali_ibn_Abi_Talib?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Ali ibn Abi Talib">Ali ibn Abi Talib</a>, làm người kế vị trong <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Hadith_of_the_pond_of_Khumm&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Hadith of the pond of Khumm (trang không tồn tại)">Hadith of the pond of Khumm</a>. Và thế là họ tin rằng <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ali_ibn_Abi_Talib?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Ali ibn Abi Talib">Ali ibn Abi Talib</a> là <i>Imam</i> (lãnh đạo) đầu tiên, và bác bỏ tính hợp pháp của các khalip Hồi giáo trước <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Abu_Bakr?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Abu Bakr">Abu Bakr</a>, <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Uthman_ibn_al-Affan&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Uthman ibn al-Affan (trang không tồn tại)">Uthman ibn al-Affan</a> và <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Umar_ibn_al-Khattab?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Umar ibn al-Khattab">Umar ibn al-Khattab</a>.</p> <p>Hồi giáo Shia có nhiều nhánh, nhánh lớn nhất là <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Twelvers&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Twelvers (trang không tồn tại)">Twelvers</a> phát triển phần lớn ở <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iran?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iran">Iran</a>, <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iraq?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>, <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Azerbaijan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a>, <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bahrain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a>, <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%BA%A4n_%C4%90%E1%BB%99?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ấn Độ">Ấn Độ</a>, <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pakistan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> và <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liban?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liban">Liban</a>. Tiếp theo là <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Zaidiyyah&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Zaidiyyah (trang không tồn tại)">Zaidis</a> và <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ismaili&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Ismaili (trang không tồn tại)">Ismaili</a>. Sau cái chết của Imam <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jafar_al-Sadiq&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Jafar al-Sadiq (trang không tồn tại)">Jafar al-Sadiq</a> (cháu lớn của <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Abu_Bakr?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Abu Bakr">Abu Bakr</a> và <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ali_ibn_Abi_Talib?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Ali ibn Abi Talib">Ali ibn Abi Talib</a>) được xem là lãnh tụ thứ sáu của người Shia, Ismailis bắt đầu theo con trai ông Isma'il ibn Jafar và Twelver Shia's (Ithna Asheri) bắt đầu theo con trai khác của ông Musa al-Kazim làm Imam thứ 7. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Zaidiyyah&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Zaidiyyah (trang không tồn tại)">Zaydis</a> theo <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Zayd_ibn_Ali&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Zayd ibn Ali (trang không tồn tại)">Zayd ibn Ali</a>, chú của lãnh tụ <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jafar_al-Sadiq&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Jafar al-Sadiq (trang không tồn tại)">Jafar al-Sadiq</a>, là lãnh tụ thứ 5.</p> <p>Các nhóm khác nhỏ hơn gồm <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mustaali&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Mustaali (trang không tồn tại)">Bohra</a> và <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Druze?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Druze">Druze</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> cũng như <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Alawites&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Alawites (trang không tồn tại)">Alawites</a> và <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alevi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alevi">Alevi</a>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Sufi_giáo"><span id="Sufi_gi.C3.A1o"></span>Sufi giáo</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o&action=edit&section=13&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sửa đổi phần “Sufi giáo”" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>sửa</span> </a> </span> </div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Bài chi tiết: <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sufi_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sufi giáo">Sufi giáo</a> </div> <p>Sufi giáo là một nhánh Hồi giáo thiên về chiều hướng thần bí, nội tâm của Islam nhằm mục đích đạt được sự hoàn thiện về đạo đức,sự hành đạo và đức tin (al-ihsan) và gần gũi với Đấng Tối cao Allah. Do đặc tính linh hoạt và nghiên về chiều hướng thần bí nên Sufism là nhánh Hồi giáo tiên phong mở đường trong công cuộc truyền bá Islam</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Các_dòng_khác"><span id="C.C3.A1c_d.C3.B2ng_kh.C3.A1c"></span>Các dòng khác</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o&action=edit&section=14&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sửa đổi phần “Các dòng khác”" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>sửa</span> </a> </span> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Thánh_địa_Mecca"><span id="Th.C3.A1nh_.C4.91.E1.BB.8Ba_Mecca"></span>Thánh địa Mecca</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o&action=edit&section=15&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sửa đổi phần “Thánh địa Mecca”" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>sửa</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Bài chi tiết: <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Th%C3%A1nh_%C4%91%E1%BB%8Ba_Mecca?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Thánh địa Mecca">Thánh địa Mecca</a> </div> <p>Theo quy định của Hồi giáo, mỗi giáo dân ít nhất một lần trong cuộc đời phải <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%C3%A0nh_h%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_(t%C3%B4n_gi%C3%A1o)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hành hương (tôn giáo)">hành hương</a> về thánh địa Mecca bằng chính kinh phí của bản thân mình và trước khi đi phải chuẩn bị đồ ăn thức uống cho người thân (những người ở nhà, không đi hành hương) trong thời gian mà họ đi vắng. Vào tháng <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ramadan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ramadan">Ramadan</a>, người Hồi giáo hành hương về đây (và chỉ có người Hồi giáo mới được về đây).<sup id="cite_ref-peters_206_57-0" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-peters_206-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sau khi hành hương đến Mecca, tín đồ đạo Hồi sẽ có được danh hiệu là "Haj" hoặc "Haji".</p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:Day_of_Hajj._Mecca,_Saudi_Arabia.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Hành hương tại Mecca, Ả Rập Saudi"> <noscript> <img alt="Hành hương tại Mecca, Ả Rập Saudi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Day_of_Hajj._Mecca%2C_Saudi_Arabia.jpg/120px-Day_of_Hajj._Mecca%2C_Saudi_Arabia.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 90px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Day_of_Hajj._Mecca%2C_Saudi_Arabia.jpg/120px-Day_of_Hajj._Mecca%2C_Saudi_Arabia.jpg" data-alt="Hành hương tại Mecca, Ả Rập Saudi" data-width="120" data-height="90" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Day_of_Hajj._Mecca%2C_Saudi_Arabia.jpg/180px-Day_of_Hajj._Mecca%2C_Saudi_Arabia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Day_of_Hajj._Mecca%2C_Saudi_Arabia.jpg/240px-Day_of_Hajj._Mecca%2C_Saudi_Arabia.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Hành hương tại Mecca, Ả Rập Saudi </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:Mecca-1850.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Thánh địa Mecca năm 1850"> <noscript> <img alt="Thánh địa Mecca năm 1850" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Mecca-1850.jpg/120px-Mecca-1850.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="79" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="593" data-file-height="390"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 79px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Mecca-1850.jpg/120px-Mecca-1850.jpg" data-alt="Thánh địa Mecca năm 1850" data-width="120" data-height="79" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Mecca-1850.jpg/180px-Mecca-1850.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Mecca-1850.jpg/240px-Mecca-1850.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Thánh địa Mecca năm 1850 </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:Supplicating_Pilgrim_at_Masjid_Al_Haram._Mecca,_Saudi_Arabia.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Tín đồ đi lễ quanh đền Kaaba"> <noscript> <img alt="Tín đồ đi lễ quanh đền Kaaba" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Supplicating_Pilgrim_at_Masjid_Al_Haram._Mecca%2C_Saudi_Arabia.jpg/120px-Supplicating_Pilgrim_at_Masjid_Al_Haram._Mecca%2C_Saudi_Arabia.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 90px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Supplicating_Pilgrim_at_Masjid_Al_Haram._Mecca%2C_Saudi_Arabia.jpg/120px-Supplicating_Pilgrim_at_Masjid_Al_Haram._Mecca%2C_Saudi_Arabia.jpg" data-alt="Tín đồ đi lễ quanh đền Kaaba" data-width="120" data-height="90" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Supplicating_Pilgrim_at_Masjid_Al_Haram._Mecca%2C_Saudi_Arabia.jpg/180px-Supplicating_Pilgrim_at_Masjid_Al_Haram._Mecca%2C_Saudi_Arabia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Supplicating_Pilgrim_at_Masjid_Al_Haram._Mecca%2C_Saudi_Arabia.jpg/240px-Supplicating_Pilgrim_at_Masjid_Al_Haram._Mecca%2C_Saudi_Arabia.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Tín đồ đi lễ quanh đền Kaaba </div></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Chỉ_trích"><span id="Ch.E1.BB.89_tr.C3.ADch"></span>Chỉ trích</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o&action=edit&section=16&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sửa đổi phần “Chỉ trích”" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>sửa</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:Dante_and_Virgil_Meet_Muhammad_and_His_Son-in-law,_Ali_in_Hell.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Dante_and_Virgil_Meet_Muhammad_and_His_Son-in-law%2C_Ali_in_Hell.jpg/220px-Dante_and_Virgil_Meet_Muhammad_and_His_Son-in-law%2C_Ali_in_Hell.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="857"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 157px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Dante_and_Virgil_Meet_Muhammad_and_His_Son-in-law%2C_Ali_in_Hell.jpg/220px-Dante_and_Virgil_Meet_Muhammad_and_His_Son-in-law%2C_Ali_in_Hell.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="157" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Dante_and_Virgil_Meet_Muhammad_and_His_Son-in-law%2C_Ali_in_Hell.jpg/330px-Dante_and_Virgil_Meet_Muhammad_and_His_Son-in-law%2C_Ali_in_Hell.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Dante_and_Virgil_Meet_Muhammad_and_His_Son-in-law%2C_Ali_in_Hell.jpg/440px-Dante_and_Virgil_Meet_Muhammad_and_His_Son-in-law%2C_Ali_in_Hell.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/William_Blake?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="William Blake">Bức</a> tranh minh họa <i>Inferno</i> (thế kỷ 19) của <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/William_Blake?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="William Blake">William Blake</a> cho thấy Muhammad đang phanh ngực đã bị một con quỷ rạch đôi để tượng trưng cho vai trò của ông là một " tiên tri giả ".<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </figcaption> </figure> <p>Sự chỉ trích Hồi giáo đã tồn tại từ giai đoạn hình thành của Hồi giáo. Những lời chỉ trích ban đầu đến từ các tác giả Kitô giáo, nhiều người trong số họ xem Hồi giáo là một <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/D%E1%BB%8B_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dị giáo">dị giáo</a> của Kitô giáo hoặc một hình thức thờ hình tượng và thường giải thích nó bằng những từ ngữ khải huyền.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sau đó xuất hiện những lời chỉ trích từ chính <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Th%E1%BA%BF_gi%E1%BB%9Bi_H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thế giới Hồi giáo">thế giới Hồi giáo</a>, và cả từ các nhà văn <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_Do_Th%C3%A1i?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Người Do Thái">Do Thái</a> và từ các Kitô hữu thuộc giáo hội.<sup id="cite_ref-WarraqPoetry_61-0" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-WarraqPoetry-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ibn_Kammuna_62-0" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Ibn_Kammuna-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Oussani_63-0" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Oussani-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Các vấn đề liên quan đến tính xác thực và đạo đức của Kinh Qur'an, cuốn sách thánh Hồi giáo, cũng được các nhà phê bình thảo luận.<sup id="cite_ref-BibleInQuran_64-0" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-BibleInQuran-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Hình ảnh phỉ báng Muhammad, bắt nguồn từ những mô tả đầu thế kỷ thứ 7 của <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Nh%C3%A0_th%E1%BB%9D_Byzantine&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Nhà thờ Byzantine (trang không tồn tại)">Nhà thờ Byzantine</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceH_66-0" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ReferenceH-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> xuất hiện trong <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%E1%BB%AD_thi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sử thi">bài thơ sử thi</a> thế kỷ 14 <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Th%E1%BA%A7n_kh%C3%BAc?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thần khúc">Hài kịch thần thánh</a> của <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dante_Alighieri?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dante Alighieri">Dante Alighieri</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_67-0" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-auto-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Trong tác phẩm, Muhammad xuất hiện trong vòng tròn địa ngục thứ tám, cùng với Ali. Dante không đổ lỗi cho đạo Hồi nói chung, nhưng buộc tội Muhammad về việc ly giáo, bằng cách thành lập một tôn giáo khác sau Kitô giáo.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_67-1" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-auto-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mặt khác, <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gi%C3%A1m_m%E1%BB%A5c?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Giám mục">Giám mục</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ch%C3%ADnh_th%E1%BB%91ng_gi%C3%A1o_Hy_L%E1%BA%A1p?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chính thống giáo Hy Lạp">Chính thống Hy Lạp</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Paul_of_Antiorch&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Paul of Antiorch (trang không tồn tại)">Paul of Antiorch</a> chấp nhận Muhammed là một nhà tiên tri, nhưng không phải nhiệm vụ của ông là phổ quát. Vì luật của Chúa Kitô vượt trội hơn luật Hồi giáo, Muhammad chỉ được lệnh tới khu vực người Ả Rập, khu vực mà chưa một nhà tiên tri nào được gửi đến.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Các bài viết xin lỗi, được cho là của <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Abdullah_Ibn_al-Muqaffa&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Abdullah Ibn al-Muqaffa (trang không tồn tại)">Abdullah Ibn al-Muqaffa</a>, không chỉ bảo vệ thuyết <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mani_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mani giáo">Manichae</a> chống lại Hồi giáo, mà còn phê phán khái niệm Hồi giáo về Thiên Chúa. Theo đó, vị thần trong kinh Qu'ran bị coi là một <i>thể ma quỷ</i> bất công, chuyên chế, phi lý và xấu xa, người "chiến đấu với con người và tự hào về chiến thắng của mình" và "ngồi trên ngai vàng, từ đó Ngài giáng trần".<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Kể từ <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%E1%BB%B1_ki%E1%BB%87n_11_th%C3%A1ng_9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sự kiện 11 tháng 9">sự kiện ngày 11 tháng 9 năm 2001</a>, Hồi giáo đã phải đối mặt với những lời chỉ trích về kinh sách và giáo lý của nó là một nguồn đáng kể <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kh%E1%BB%A7ng_b%E1%BB%91_H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Khủng bố Hồi giáo">của chủ nghĩa khủng bố</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ch%E1%BB%A7_ngh%C4%A9a_H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chủ nghĩa Hồi giáo">và tư tưởng khủng bố</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Những chỉ trích khác tập trung vào câu hỏi về quyền con người ở các quốc gia đa số Hồi giáo hiện đại, và đối xử với phụ nữ trong luật pháp và thực hành Hồi giáo.<sup id="cite_ref-women_73-0" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-women-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-IslamInEurope_74-0" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-IslamInEurope-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Trước xu hướng <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ch%E1%BB%A7_ngh%C4%A9a_%C4%91a_v%C4%83n_h%C3%B3a?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chủ nghĩa đa văn hóa">đa văn hóa</a> gần đây, ảnh hưởng của Hồi giáo đối với khả năng đồng hóa của người Hồi giáo ở phương Tây đã bị chỉ trích.<sup id="cite_ref-Modood_75-0" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Modood-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cả trong cuộc sống công cộng và cá nhân của mình, những người khác đều phản đối đạo đức của Muhammad, do đó cũng phản đối sunnah như một hình mẫu.<sup id="cite_ref-Oussani_63-1" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Oussani-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WarraqQuest_76-0" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-WarraqQuest-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_Tatar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Người Tatar">Người Tatars</a> theo <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tengri_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tengri giáo">Tengri giáo</a> chỉ trích Hồi giáo là một tôn giáo <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tengri_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tengri giáo">semitic</a>, mà đã buộc <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/C%C3%A1c_d%C3%A2n_t%E1%BB%99c_Turk?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Các dân tộc Turk">người Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ</a> phải phục tùng một nền văn hóa ngoại lai. Sự khuất phục và khiêm nhường, hai thành phần quan trọng của tâm linh Hồi giáo, bị coi là những thất bại lớn của Hồi giáo, không phải là phẩm chất tốt. Hơn nữa, vì Hồi giáo đề cập đến lịch sử semitic như thể đó là lịch sử của cả nhân loại, nhưng coi thường các thành phần của các nền văn hóa và tâm linh khác, cách tiếp cận quốc tế của Hồi giáo được coi là một mối đe dọa. Nó cũng cho Imams một cơ hội để tuần hành chống lại chính người dân của họ dưới biểu ngữ của Hồi giáo quốc tế.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Các_quốc_gia_có_số_dân_theo_Hồi_giáo"><span id="C.C3.A1c_qu.E1.BB.91c_gia_c.C3.B3_s.E1.BB.91_d.C3.A2n_theo_H.E1.BB.93i_gi.C3.A1o"></span>Các quốc gia có số dân theo Hồi giáo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o&action=edit&section=17&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sửa đổi phần “Các quốc gia có số dân theo Hồi giáo”" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>sửa</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Bài chi tiết: <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o_theo_qu%E1%BB%91c_gia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hồi giáo theo quốc gia">Hồi giáo theo quốc gia</a> </div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:Muslim_distribution.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Muslim_distribution.png/380px-Muslim_distribution.png" decoding="async" width="380" height="180" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="640"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 380px;height: 180px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Muslim_distribution.png/380px-Muslim_distribution.png" data-width="380" data-height="180" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Muslim_distribution.png/570px-Muslim_distribution.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Muslim_distribution.png/760px-Muslim_distribution.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Tỷ lệ dân mỗi nước theo đạo Hồi </figcaption> </figure> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Ghi_chú"><span id="Ghi_ch.C3.BA"></span>Ghi chú</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o&action=edit&section=18&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sửa đổi phần “Ghi chú”" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>sửa</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Có mười cách phát âm của <i>Islam</i> trong tiếng Anh, khác nhau về âm tiết thứ nhất hay âm tiết thứ hai có trọng âm hay không, <i> s </i> là <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_l%E1%BB%A3i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Âm xát lợi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">z</a>/</span> hay <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_l%E1%BB%A3i_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Âm xát lợi vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">s</a>/</span>, và cho dù <i> a </i> được phát âm <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Open_back_unrounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Open back unrounded vowel (trang không tồn tại)">ɑː</a>/</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Near-open_front_unrounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Near-open front unrounded vowel (trang không tồn tại)">æ</a>/</span> hay (khi trọng âm ở âm tiết thứ nhất) <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mid_central_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Mid central vowel (trang không tồn tại)">ə</a>/</span> (Merriam Webster). Phổ biến nhất là <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/English" class="extiw" title="en:Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' trong 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'z' trong 'zoom'">z</span><span title="'l' trong 'lie'">l</span><span title="'m' trong 'my'">m</span></span><span title="Unrecognized symbol"><strong class="error">[invalid input: ', _']</strong></span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'s' trong 'sigh'">s</span><span title="'l' trong 'lie'">l</span><span title="/əm/: 'm' trong 'rhythm'">əm</span></span><span title="Unrecognized symbol"><strong class="error">[invalid input: ', _']</strong></span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' trong 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'z' trong 'zoom'">z</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'l' trong 'lie'">l</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' trong 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="'m' trong 'my'">m</span></span><span title="Unrecognized symbol"><strong class="error">[invalid input: ', _']</strong></span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'s' trong 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'l' trong 'lie'">l</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' trong 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="'m' trong 'my'">m</span></span>/</a></span></span> và <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/English" class="extiw" title="en:Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'z' trong 'zoom'">z</span><span title="'l' trong 'lie'">l</span><span title="'m' trong 'my'">m</span></span><span title="Unrecognized symbol"><strong class="error">[invalid input: ', _']</strong></span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' trong 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'s' trong 'sigh'">s</span><span title="'l' trong 'lie'">l</span><span title="'m' trong 'my'">m</span></span>/</a></span></span>..</span></li> </ol> <div style="clear:both;"></div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(10)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Chú_thích"><span id="Ch.C3.BA_th.C3.ADch"></span>Chú thích</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o&action=edit&section=19&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sửa đổi phần “Chú thích”" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>sửa</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-10 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-10"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r71728118">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67233549">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"“""”""‘""’"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFJohn_L._Esposito2009" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">John L. Esposito biên tập (2009). “Islam. Overview”. <i>The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%8Bnh_danh_%C4%91%E1%BB%91i_t%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_s%E1%BB%91?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Định danh đối tượng số">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1093%252Facref%252F9780195305135.001.0001">10.1093/acref/9780195305135.001.0001</a>. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/9780195305135?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/9780195305135"><bdi>9780195305135</bdi></a>. <q>Profession of Faith [...] affirms Islam's absolute monotheism and acceptance of Muḥammad as the messenger of God, the last and final prophet.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Islam.+Overview&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+the+Islamic+World&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Facref%2F9780195305135.001.0001&rft.isbn=9780195305135&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-OEIW-allah-3">^ <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-OEIW-allah_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-OEIW-allah_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_L._Esposito2009" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">John L. Esposito biên tập (2009). “Allāh”. <i>The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%8Bnh_danh_%C4%91%E1%BB%91i_t%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_s%E1%BB%91?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Định danh đối tượng số">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1093%252Facref%252F9780195305135.001.0001">10.1093/acref/9780195305135.001.0001</a>. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/9780195305135?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/9780195305135"><bdi>9780195305135</bdi></a>. <q>the Muslims' understanding of Allāh is based [...] on the Qurʿān's public witness. Allāh is Unique, the Creator, Sovereign, and Judge of humankind. It is Allāh who directs the universe through his direct action on nature and who has guided human history through his prophets, Abraham, with whom he made his covenant, Moses, Jesus, and Muḥammad, through all of whom he founded his chosen communities, the 'Peoples of the Book.'</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=All%C4%81h&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+the+Islamic+World&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Facref%2F9780195305135.001.0001&rft.isbn=9780195305135&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-landscape-4">^ <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-landscape_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-landscape_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.pewforum.org/2012/12/18/global-religious-landscape-exec/">“The Global Religious Landscape”</a>. ngày 18 tháng 12 năm 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Global+Religious+Landscape&rft.date=2012-12-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewforum.org%2F2012%2F12%2F18%2Fglobal-religious-landscape-exec%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-5"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-5">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://timesprayer.com/en/muslim-population/">“Global Muslim population”</a> (bằng tiếng eng). tháng 4 năm 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Global+Muslim+population&rft.date=2024-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesprayer.com%2Fen%2Fmuslim-population%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">Quản lý CS1: ngôn ngữ không rõ (<a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Th%E1%BB%83_lo%E1%BA%A1i:Qu%E1%BA%A3n_l%C3%BD_CS1:_ng%C3%B4n_ng%E1%BB%AF_kh%C3%B4ng_r%C3%B5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thể loại:Quản lý CS1: ngôn ngữ không rõ">liên kết</a>)</span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-6"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-6">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">According to <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/us/definition/american_english/muslim">Oxford Dictionaries</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20160729005309/http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/us/definition/american_english/muslim">Lưu trữ</a> 2016-07-29 tại <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, "Muslim is the preferred term for 'follower of Islam,' although Moslem is also widely used."</span></li> <li id="cite_note-7"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-7">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFCampo2009" class="citation book cs1">Campo, Juan Eduardo (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://books.google.com/books?id%3DOZbyz_Hr-eIC">“Allah”</a>. <i>Encyclopedia of Islam</i>. Infobase Publishing. tr. 34. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-1-4381-2696-8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-1-4381-2696-8"><bdi>978-1-4381-2696-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Allah&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Islam&rft.pages=34&rft.pub=Infobase+Publishing&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-4381-2696-8&rft.aulast=Campo&rft.aufirst=Juan+Eduardo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOZbyz_Hr-eIC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-8"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-8">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFIbrahim_Kalin2014" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Ibrahim Kalin biên tập (2014). “Environment”. <i>The Oxford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Science, and Technology in Islam</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%8Bnh_danh_%C4%91%E1%BB%91i_t%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_s%E1%BB%91?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Định danh đối tượng số">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1093%252Facref%253Aoiso%252F9780199812578.001.0001">10.1093/acref:oiso/9780199812578.001.0001</a>. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/9780199812578?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/9780199812578"><bdi>9780199812578</bdi></a>. <q>When Meccan pagans demanded proofs, signs, or miracles for the existence of God, the Qurʾān's response was to direct their gaze at nature's complexity, regularity, and order. The early verses of the Qurʾān, therefore, reveal an invitation to examine and investigate the heavens and the earth, and everything that can be seen in the environment [...] The Qurʾān thus makes it clear that everything in Creation is a miraculous sign of God (āyah), inviting human beings to contemplate the Creator.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Environment&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+Philosophy%2C+Science%2C+and+Technology+in+Islam&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Facref%3Aoiso%2F9780199812578.001.0001&rft.isbn=9780199812578&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-People-of-the-Book-9"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-People-of-the-Book_9-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.pbs.org/empires/islam/faithpeople.html">“People of the Book”</a>. <i><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Islam:_Empire_of_Faith&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Islam: Empire of Faith (trang không tồn tại)">Islam: Empire of Faith</a></i>. PBS<span class="reference-accessdate">. Truy cập ngày 18 tháng 12 năm 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Islam%3A+Empire+of+Faith&rft.atitle=People+of+the+Book&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fempires%2Fislam%2Ffaithpeople.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-10"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-10">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Reeves, J.C. (2004). <i>Bible and Qurʼān: Essays in scriptural intertextuality</i>. Leiden [u.a.: Brill. p. 177</span></li> <li id="cite_note-11"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-11">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFMoghul" class="citation news cs1">Moghul, Haroon. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.cnn.com/2015/10/21/living/yom-kippur-muslims/index.html">“Why Muslims celebrate a Jewish holiday”</a>. CNN<span class="reference-accessdate">. Truy cập ngày 18 tháng 1 năm 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Why+Muslims+celebrate+a+Jewish+holiday&rft.aulast=Moghul&rft.aufirst=Haroon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2015%2F10%2F21%2Fliving%2Fyom-kippur-muslims%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-12"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-12">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#CITEREFBennett2010">Bennett (2010)</a><span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%">Lỗi harv: không có mục tiêu: CITEREFBennett2010 (<a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Th%E1%BB%83_lo%E1%BA%A1i:L%E1%BB%97i_b%E1%BA%A3n_m%E1%BA%ABu_Harv_v%C3%A0_Sfn&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Thể loại:Lỗi bản mẫu Harv và Sfn (trang không tồn tại)">trợ giúp</a>)</span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-13"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-13">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20140423115519/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t125/e588?_hi%3D1%26_pos%3D2">“Eschatology – Oxford Islamic Studies Online”</a>. <i>www.oxfordislamicstudies.com</i> (bằng tiếng Anh). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t125/e588?_hi%3D1%26_pos%3D2">Bản gốc</a> lưu trữ ngày 23 tháng 4 năm 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Truy cập ngày 18 tháng 1 năm 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.oxfordislamicstudies.com&rft.atitle=Eschatology+%E2%80%93+Oxford+Islamic+Studies+Online&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordislamicstudies.com%2Farticle%2Fopr%2Ft125%2Fe588%3F_hi%3D1%26_pos%3D2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-14"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-14">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.al-islam.org/last-journey-translation-manazil-al-akhirah-shaykh-abbas-qummi/paradise-jannat">“Paradise (Jannat)”</a>. <i>Al-Islam.org</i>. ngày 26 tháng 4 năm 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Al-Islam.org&rft.atitle=Paradise+%28Jannat%29&rft.date=2016-04-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.al-islam.org%2Flast-journey-translation-manazil-al-akhirah-shaykh-abbas-qummi%2Fparadise-jannat&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-Harvtxt|Esposito|2002b-15">^ <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Harvtxt%7CEsposito%7C2002b_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Harvtxt%7CEsposito%7C2002b_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Harvtxt%7CEsposito%7C2002b_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#CITEREFEsposito2002b">Esposito (2002b)</a><span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%">Lỗi harv: không có mục tiêu: CITEREFEsposito2002b (<a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Th%E1%BB%83_lo%E1%BA%A1i:L%E1%BB%97i_b%E1%BA%A3n_m%E1%BA%ABu_Harv_v%C3%A0_Sfn&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Thể loại:Lỗi bản mẫu Harv và Sfn (trang không tồn tại)">trợ giúp</a>)</span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-oxforddic-16"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-oxforddic_16-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208120345/https://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/sharia">“British & World English: sharia”</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/sharia">Bản gốc</a> lưu trữ ngày 8 tháng 12 năm 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Truy cập ngày 4 tháng 12 năm 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=British+%26+World+English%3A+sharia&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxforddictionaries.com%2Fdefinition%2Fenglish%2Fsharia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-Trofimov-17"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Trofimov_17-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFTrofimov2008" class="citation cs2">Trofimov, Yaroslav (2008), <i>The Siege of Mecca: The 1979 Uprising at Islam's Holiest Shrine</i>, New York, tr. 79, <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-0-307-47290-8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-0-307-47290-8"><bdi>978-0-307-47290-8</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Siege+of+Mecca%3A+The+1979+Uprising+at+Islam%27s+Holiest+Shrine&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=79&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-307-47290-8&rft.aulast=Trofimov&rft.aufirst=Yaroslav&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-Esposito1998-18"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Esposito1998_18-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFEsposito1998" class="citation book cs1">Esposito, John (1998). <i>Islam: The Straight Path (3rd ed.)</i>. Oxford University Press. tr. 9, 12. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-0-19-511234-4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-0-19-511234-4"><bdi>978-0-19-511234-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam%3A+The+Straight+Path+%283rd+ed.%29&rft.pages=9%2C+12&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-19-511234-4&rft.aulast=Esposito&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-Peters2003-19"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Peters2003_19-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFPeters2003" class="citation book cs1">Peters, F.E. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/islamguideforjew00fepe"><i>Islam: A Guide for Jews and Christians</i></a>. Princeton University Press. tr. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/islamguideforjew00fepe/page/9">9</a>. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-0-691-11553-5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-0-691-11553-5"><bdi>978-0-691-11553-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam%3A+A+Guide+for+Jews+and+Christians&rft.pages=9&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-691-11553-5&rft.aulast=Peters&rft.aufirst=F.E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fislamguideforjew00fepe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-20"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-20">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFWatt2003" class="citation book cs1">Watt, William Montgomery (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://books.google.com/books?id%3DAQUZ6BGyohQC%26pg%3DPA5"><i>Islam and the Integration of Society</i></a> (bằng tiếng Anh). Psychology Press. tr. 5. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/9780415175876?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/9780415175876"><bdi>9780415175876</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam+and+the+Integration+of+Society&rft.pages=5&rft.pub=Psychology+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9780415175876&rft.aulast=Watt&rft.aufirst=William+Montgomery&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAQUZ6BGyohQC%26pg%3DPA5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-Saliba-21"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Saliba_21-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=George_Saliba&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="George Saliba (trang không tồn tại)">George Saliba</a> (1994), <i>A History of Arabic Astronomy: Planetary Theories During the Golden Age of Islam</i>, pp. 245, 250, 256–257. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=New_York_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="New York University Press (trang không tồn tại)">New York University Press</a>, <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/0-8147-8023-7?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/0-8147-8023-7">0-8147-8023-7</a>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-King-22"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-King_22-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFKing1983" class="citation journal cs1">King, David A. (1983). “The Astronomy of the Mamluks”. <i>Isis</i>. <b>74</b> (4): 531–555. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%8Bnh_danh_%C4%91%E1%BB%91i_t%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_s%E1%BB%91?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Định danh đối tượng số">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1086%252F353360">10.1086/353360</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Isis&rft.atitle=The+Astronomy+of+the+Mamluks&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=531-555&rft.date=1983&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F353360&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=David+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-Hassan-Decline-23"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Hassan-Decline_23-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFHassan1996" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Hassan, Ahmad Y (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402150434/http://www.history-science-technology.com/articles/articles%25208.html">“Factors Behind the Decline of Islamic Science After the Sixteenth Century”</a>. Trong Sharifah Shifa Al-Attas (biên tập). <i>Islam and the Challenge of Modernity, Proceedings of the Inaugural Symposium on Islam and the Challenge of Modernity: Historical and Contemporary Contexts, Kuala Lumpur, August 1–5, 1994</i>. International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization (ISTAC). tr. 351–399. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.history-science-technology.com/articles/articles%25208.html">Bản gốc</a> lưu trữ ngày 2 tháng 4 năm 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Factors+Behind+the+Decline+of+Islamic+Science+After+the+Sixteenth+Century&rft.btitle=Islam+and+the+Challenge+of+Modernity%2C+Proceedings+of+the+Inaugural+Symposium+on+Islam+and+the+Challenge+of+Modernity%3A+Historical+and+Contemporary+Contexts%2C+Kuala+Lumpur%2C+August+1%E2%80%935%2C+1994&rft.pages=351-399&rft.pub=International+Institute+of+Islamic+Thought+and+Civilization+%28ISTAC%29&rft.date=1996&rft.aulast=Hassan&rft.aufirst=Ahmad+Y&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history-science-technology.com%2Farticles%2Farticles%25208.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-24"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-24">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">The preaching of Islam: a history of the propagation of the Muslim faith By Sir Thomas Walker Arnold, pp. 125–258</span></li> <li id="cite_note-Sunni-eb-25"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Sunni-eb_25-0">^</a></b> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="vi" dir="ltr">Lỗi chú thích: Thẻ <code><ref></code> sai; không có nội dung trong thẻ ref có tên <code>Sunni-eb</code></span></li> <li id="cite_note-Shia-26">^ <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Shia_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Shia_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text">See <ul> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.pewforum.org/2009/10/07/mapping-the-global-muslim-population/">“Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Muslim Population”</a>. <i>Pew Research Center</i>. ngày 7 tháng 10 năm 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Truy cập ngày 24 tháng 9 năm 2013</span>. <q>The Pew Forum's estimate of the Shia population (10–13%) is in keeping with previous estimates, which generally have been in the range of 10–15%. Some previous estimates, however, have placed the number of Shias at nearly 20% of the world's Muslim population.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pew+Research+Center&rft.atitle=Mapping+the+Global+Muslim+Population%3A+A+Report+on+the+Size+and+Distribution+of+the+World%27s+Muslim+Population&rft.date=2009-10-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewforum.org%2F2009%2F10%2F07%2Fmapping-the-global-muslim-population%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20121215070956/http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/essays/shi-a">“Shia”</a>. Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/essays/shi-a">Bản gốc</a> lưu trữ ngày 15 tháng 12 năm 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Truy cập ngày 5 tháng 12 năm 2011</span>. <q>Shi'a Islam is the second largest branch of the tradition, with up to 200 million followers who comprise around 15% of all Muslims worldwide...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Shia&rft.pub=Berkley+Center+for+Religion%2C+Peace%2C+and+World+Affairs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fberkleycenter.georgetown.edu%2Fessays%2Fshi-a&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224211645/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2122.html%2520">“Religions”</a>. <i><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_World_Factbook?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</a></i>. Central Intelligence Agency. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2122.html">Bản gốc</a> lưu trữ ngày 24 tháng 12 năm 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Truy cập ngày 25 tháng 8 năm 2010</span>. <q>Shia Islam represents 10–20% of Muslims worldwide...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Religions&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Ffields%2F2122.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></li> </ul></span></li> <li id="cite_note-pew2015countries-27"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-pew2015countries_27-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20170207115222/http://www.pewforum.org/2015/04/02/muslims/pf_15-04-02_projectionstables74/">“10 Countries With the Largest Muslim Populations, 2010 and 2050date = ngày 2 tháng 4 năm 2015”</a>. <i>Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.pewforum.org/2015/04/02/muslims/pf_15-04-02_projectionstables74/">Bản gốc</a> lưu trữ ngày 7 tháng 2 năm 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Truy cập ngày 7 tháng 2 năm 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pew+Research+Center%27s+Religion+%26+Public+Life+Project&rft.atitle=10+Countries+With+the+Largest+Muslim+Populations%2C+2010+and+2050date+%3D+ng%C3%A0y+2+th%C3%A1ng+4+n%C4%83m+2015&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewforum.org%2F2015%2F04%2F02%2Fmuslims%2Fpf_15-04-02_projectionstables74%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-28"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-28">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFPechilisRaj2013" class="citation book cs1">Pechilis, Karen; Raj, Selva J. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://books.google.com/books?id%3DkaubzRxh-U0C"><i>South Asian Religions: Tradition and Today</i></a> (bằng tiếng Anh). Routledge. tr. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://books.google.com/books?id%3DkaubzRxh-U0C%26pg%3DPA193">193</a>. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/9780415448512?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/9780415448512"><bdi>9780415448512</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=South+Asian+Religions%3A+Tradition+and+Today&rft.pages=193&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9780415448512&rft.aulast=Pechilis&rft.aufirst=Karen&rft.au=Raj%2C+Selva+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkaubzRxh-U0C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-29"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-29">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFDiplomat" class="citation news cs1">Diplomat, Akhilesh Pillalamarri, The. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://thediplomat.com/2016/01/how-south-asia-will-save-global-islam/">“How South Asia Will Save Global Islam”</a>. <i>The Diplomat</i> (bằng tiếng Anh)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Truy cập ngày 7 tháng 2 năm 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Diplomat&rft.atitle=How+South+Asia+Will+Save+Global+Islam&rft.aulast=Diplomat&rft.aufirst=Akhilesh+Pillalamarri%2C+The&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthediplomat.com%2F2016%2F01%2Fhow-south-asia-will-save-global-islam%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-30"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-30">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.pewforum.org/2009/10/07/mapping-the-global-muslim-population10/">“Middle East-North Africa Overview”</a>. <i>Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project</i> (bằng tiếng Anh). ngày 7 tháng 10 năm 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Truy cập ngày 16 tháng 10 năm 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.britannica.com&rft.atitle=Pillars+of+Islam+%7C+Islamic+Beliefs+%26+Practices+%7C+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2FPillars-of-Islam&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-48"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-48">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFGalonnier2021" class="citation book cs1">Galonnier, Juliette (1 tháng 10 năm 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.7560/317471-003/html"><i>Moving In or Moving Toward? Reconceptualizing Conversion to Islam as a Liminal Process1</i></a> (bằng tiếng Anh). University of Texas Press. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%8Bnh_danh_%C4%91%E1%BB%91i_t%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_s%E1%BB%91?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Định danh đối tượng số">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.7560%252F317471-003">10.7560/317471-003</a>. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-1-4773-1749-5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-1-4773-1749-5"><bdi>978-1-4773-1749-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Moving+In+or+Moving+Toward%3F+Reconceptualizing+Conversion+to+Islam+as+a+Liminal+Process1&rft.pub=University+of+Texas+Press&rft.date=2021-10-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.7560%2F317471-003&rft.isbn=978-1-4773-1749-5&rft.aulast=Galonnier&rft.aufirst=Juliette&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.degruyter.com%2Fdocument%2Fdoi%2F10.7560%2F317471-003%2Fhtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-49"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-49">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite class="citation web cs1"><i>dx.doi.org</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dx.doi.org/10.12952/journal.elementa.000134.t003">http://dx.doi.org/10.12952/journal.elementa.000134.t003</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Truy cập ngày 16 tháng 10 năm 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=dx.doi.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.12952%2Fjournal.elementa.000134.t003&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|title=</code> trống hay bị thiếu (<a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tr%E1%BB%A3_gi%C3%BAp:L%E1%BB%97i_CS1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#citation_missing_title" title="Trợ giúp:Lỗi CS1">trợ giúp</a>)</span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-50"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-50">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-075067509-3/50037-3">“Soldering and brazing”</a>, <i>Smithells Metals Reference Book</i>, Elsevier, tr. 34–1-34-22, 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">, truy cập ngày 16 tháng 10 năm 2022</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Smithells+Metals+Reference+Book&rft.atitle=Soldering+and+brazing&rft.pages=34-1-34-22&rft.date=2004&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1016%2Fb978-075067509-3%2F50037-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-51"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-51">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/31311216"><i>The Islamic voluntary sector in Southeast Asia : Islam and the economic development of Southeast Asia</i></a>. Mohamed Ariff, Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. Pasir Panjang, Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. 1991. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/981-3016-07-8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/981-3016-07-8"><bdi>981-3016-07-8</bdi></a>. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/OCLC_(%C4%91%E1%BB%8Bnh_danh)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (định danh)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/31311216">31311216</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Islamic+voluntary+sector+in+Southeast+Asia+%3A+Islam+and+the+economic+development+of+Southeast+Asia&rft.place=Pasir+Panjang%2C+Singapore&rft.pub=Institute+of+Southeast+Asian+Studies&rft.date=1991&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F31311216&rft.isbn=981-3016-07-8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F31311216&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">Quản lý CS1: khác (<a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Th%E1%BB%83_lo%E1%BA%A1i:Qu%E1%BA%A3n_l%C3%BD_CS1:_kh%C3%A1c?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thể loại:Quản lý CS1: khác">liên kết</a>)</span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-Sunni-52"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Sunni_52-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">See: <ul> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/574006/Sunnite">“Sunnite”</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica Online</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Truy cập ngày 26 tháng 8 năm 2010</span>. <q>They numbered about 900 million in the late 20th century and constituted nine-tenths of all the adherents of Islām.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Sunnite&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica+Online&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F574006%2FSunnite&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://books.google.com/?id%3DH_m14NlQQMYC%26pg%3DPA130%26dq%3DSunnis%2Bare%2B90%2525%23v%3Donepage%26q%3DSunnis%2520are%252090%2525%26f%3Dfalse"><i>Islamic Beliefs, Practices, and Cultures</i></a>. Marshall Cavendish. 2010. tr. 352. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/0-7614-7926-0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/0-7614-7926-0"><bdi>0-7614-7926-0</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Truy cập ngày 19 tháng 12 năm 2011</span>. <q>A common compromise figure ranks Sunnis at 90 percent.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islamic+Beliefs%2C+Practices%2C+and+Cultures&rft.pages=352&rft.pub=Marshall+Cavendish&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=0-7614-7926-0&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DH_m14NlQQMYC%26pg%3DPA130%26dq%3DSunnis%2Bare%2B90%2525%23v%3Donepage%26q%3DSunnis%2520are%252090%2525%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.pewforum.org/2009/10/07/mapping-the-global-muslim-population/">“Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Muslim Population”</a>. <i><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pew_Research_Center?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Pew Research Center">Pew Research Center</a></i>. ngày 7 tháng 10 năm 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Truy cập ngày 24 tháng 9 năm 2013</span>. <q>Of the total Muslim population, 10-13% are Shia Muslims and 87-90% are Sunni Muslims.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pew+Research+Center&rft.atitle=Mapping+the+Global+Muslim+Population%3A+A+Report+on+the+Size+and+Distribution+of+the+World%27s+Muslim+Population&rft.date=2009-10-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewforum.org%2F2009%2F10%2F07%2Fmapping-the-global-muslim-population%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-16047709">“Quick guide: Sunnis and Shias”</a>. BBC News. ngày 6 tháng 12 năm 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Truy cập ngày 18 tháng 12 năm 2011</span>. <q>The great majority of Muslims are Sunnis - estimates suggest the figure is somewhere between 85% and 90%.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Quick+guide%3A+Sunnis+and+Shias&rft.date=2011-12-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-middle-east-16047709&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id%3DD5_N97bAiJ0C%26pg%3DPA3%26dq%3DSunni%2BIslam%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ei%3D2DLuTujOEcesrAej29DdCA%26ved%3D0CEsQ6AEwBQ%23v%3Donepage%26q%3DSunni%2520Islam%26f%3Dfalse">Sunni Islam: Oxford Bibliographies Online Research Guide</a> "Sunni Islam is the dominant division of the global Muslim community, and throughout history it has made up a substantial majority (85 to 90 percent) of that community."</li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID%2Baf0060)">“Sunni and Shia Islam”</a>. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Library_of_Congress_Country_Studies&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Library of Congress Country Studies (trang không tồn tại)">Library of Congress Country Studies</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.today/20121213120238/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID%2Baf0060)">Lưu trữ</a> bản gốc ngày 13 tháng 12 năm 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Truy cập ngày 17 tháng 12 năm 2011</span>. <q>Sunni constitute 85 percent of the world's Muslims.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sunni+and+Shia+Islam&rft.pub=Library+of+Congress+Country+Studies&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flcweb2.loc.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fquery%2Fr%3Ffrd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID%2Baf0060%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20141012090751/http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/essays/sunni">“Sunni”</a>. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Berkley_Center_for_Religion,_Peace,_and_World_Affairs&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs (trang không tồn tại)">Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/essays/sunni">Bản gốc</a> lưu trữ ngày 12 tháng 10 năm 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Truy cập ngày 20 tháng 12 năm 2012</span>. <q>Sunni Islam is the largest denomination of Islam, comprising about 85% of the world's over 1.5 billion Muslims.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sunni&rft.pub=Berkley+Center+for+Religion%2C+Peace%2C+and+World+Affairs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fberkleycenter.georgetown.edu%2Fessays%2Fsunni&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/religion/2007-09-24-muslim-tension_N.htm">“Tension between Sunnis, Shiites emerging in USA”</a>. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/USA_Today?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="USA Today">USA Today</a>. ngày 24 tháng 9 năm 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Truy cập ngày 24 tháng 9 năm 2013</span>. <q>Among the world's estimated 1.4 billion Muslims, about 85% are Sunni and about 15% are Shiite.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Tension+between+Sunnis%2C+Shiites+emerging+in+USA&rft.date=2007-09-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fusatoday30.usatoday.com%2Fnews%2Freligion%2F2007-09-24-muslim-tension_N.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id%3DZ4Ts0GkJBKgC%26pg%3DPA20%26dq%3D%26hl%3Den%26ei%3Dhf7hTrCmNsvB8QOllfmCBA%26sa%3DX%26oi%3Dbook_result%26ct%3Dresult%26resnum%3D4%26ved%3D0CE0Q6AEwAw%23v%3Donepage%26q%26f%3Dfalse">Inside Muslim minds</a> "around 80% are Sunni"</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id%3D3w_ngX--ji4C%26pg%3DPA103%26dq%3D%26hl%3Den%26ei%3DyQDiTt_qE9C28QOKn9yMBA%26sa%3DX%26oi%3Dbook_result%26ct%3Dresult%26resnum%3D2%26ved%3D0CEMQ6AEwATgK%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dworld%2520muslim%252080%2525%2520sunni%26f%3Dfalse">Who Gets To Narrate the World</a> "The Sunnis (approximately 80%)"</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id%3DvD2TJNc7NE4C%26pg%3DPA265%26dq%3D%26hl%3Den%26ei%3D5wHiTpzMGMrT8gPIl52FBA%26sa%3DX%26oi%3Dbook_result%26ct%3Dresult%26resnum%3D6%26ved%3D0CFoQ6AEwBTgU%23v%3Donepage%26q%3D%26f%3Dfalse">A world theology</a> N. Ross Reat "80% being the Sunni"</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id%3DQ78O1mjX2tMC%26pg%3DPA32%26dq%3D%26hl%3Den%26ei%3DyQDiTt_qE9C28QOKn9yMBA%26sa%3DX%26oi%3Dbook_result%26ct%3Dresult%26resnum%3D7%26ved%3D0CGAQ6AEwBjgK%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dworld%2520muslim%252080%2525%2520sunni%26f%3Dfalse">Islam and the Ahmadiyya jama'at</a> "The Sunni segment, accounting for at least 80% of the worlds Muslim population"</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id%3DNI1G_9j1AhcC%26pg%3DPA51%26dq%3D%26hl%3Den%26ei%3DyQDiTt_qE9C28QOKn9yMBA%26sa%3DX%26oi%3Dbook_result%26ct%3Dresult%26resnum%3D3%26ved%3D0CEgQ6AEwAjgK%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dworld%2520muslim%252080%2525%2520sunni%26f%3Dfalse">Eastern Europe Russia and Central Asia</a> "some 80% of the worlds Muslims are Sunni"</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id%3DqHXbGOUuF9YC%26pg%3DPA252%26dq%3D%26hl%3Den%26ei%3D5wHiTpzMGMrT8gPIl52FBA%26sa%3DX%26oi%3Dbook_result%26ct%3Dresult%26resnum%3D2%26ved%3D0CEMQ6AEwATgU%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dworld%2520muslim%252080%2525%2520sunni%26f%3Dfalse">A dictionary of modern politics</a> "probably 80% of the worlds Muslims are Sunni"</li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224211645/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2122.html%2520">“Religions”</a>. <i><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_World_Factbook?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</a></i>. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2122.html">Bản gốc</a> lưu trữ ngày 24 tháng 12 năm 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Truy cập ngày 25 tháng 8 năm 2010</span>. <q>Sunni Islam accounts for over 75% of the world's Muslim population...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Religions&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Ffields%2F2122.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></li> </ul></span></li> <li id="cite_note-Islam-Today-53"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Islam-Today_53-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">* <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.pbs.org/empires/islam/faithtoday.html">“Islam Today”</a>. <i><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Islam:_Empire_of_Faith&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Islam: Empire of Faith (trang không tồn tại)">Islam: Empire of Faith</a> (2000)</i>. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Public_Broadcasting_Service?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Broadcasting Service">PBS</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Truy cập ngày 25 tháng 8 năm 2010</span>. <q><i>Islam, followed by more than a billion people today, is the world's third fastest growing religion.</i></q></cite><i><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Islam%3A+Empire+of+Faith+%282000%29&rft.atitle=Islam+Today&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fempires%2Fislam%2Ffaithtoday.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></i> <ul> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFLippman,_Thomas_W.2008" class="citation web cs1">Lippman, Thomas W. (ngày 7 tháng 4 năm 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.usnews.com/news/religion/articles/2008/04/07/no-god-but-god">“No God But God”</a>. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="U.S. News & World Report">U.S. News & World Report</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Truy cập ngày 24 tháng 9 năm 2013</span>. <q><i>Islam is the youngest, the fastest growing, and in many ways the least complicated of the world's great monotheistic faiths. It is a unique religion based on its own holy book, but it is also a direct descendant of Judaism and Christianity, incorporating some of the teachings of those religions—modifying some and rejecting others.</i></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=No+God+But+God&rft.pub=U.S.+News+%26+World+Report&rft.date=2008-04-07&rft.au=Lippman%2C+Thomas+W.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fnews%2Freligion%2Farticles%2F2008%2F04%2F07%2Fno-god-but-god&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.usnews.com/news/religion/articles/2008/04/07/understanding-islam">“Understanding Islam”</a>. <i>Susan Headden</i>. U.S. News & World Report. ngày 7 tháng 4 năm 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Truy cập ngày 25 tháng 8 năm 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Susan+Headden&rft.atitle=Understanding+Islam&rft.date=2008-04-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fnews%2Freligion%2Farticles%2F2008%2F04%2F07%2Funderstanding-islam&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20080615140203/http://www.adherents.com/Religions_By_Adherents.html">“Major Religions of the World Ranked by Number of Adherents”</a>. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Adherents.com&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Adherents.com (trang không tồn tại)">Adherents.com</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.adherents.com/Religions_By_Adherents.html">Bản gốc</a> lưu trữ ngày 15 tháng 6 năm 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Truy cập ngày 3 tháng 7 năm 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Major+Religions+of+the+World+Ranked+by+Number+of+Adherents&rft.pub=Adherents.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.adherents.com%2FReligions_By_Adherents.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></li> </ul></span></li> <li id="cite_note-54"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-54">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">See: <ul> <li><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#CITEREFEsposito2003">Esposito (2003</a>, tr. 275,306)<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%">Lỗi harv: không có mục tiêu: CITEREFEsposito2003 (<a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Th%E1%BB%83_lo%E1%BA%A1i:L%E1%BB%97i_b%E1%BA%A3n_m%E1%BA%ABu_Harv_v%C3%A0_Sfn&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Thể loại:Lỗi bản mẫu Harv và Sfn (trang không tồn tại)">trợ giúp</a>)</span></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">“Shariah”. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica Online</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Shariah&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica+Online&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">“Sunnite”. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica Online</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Sunnite&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica+Online&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></li> </ul></span></li> <li id="cite_note-55"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-55">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/intro/islam-salafi.htm">Salafi Islam</a> GlobalSecurity.org. Truy cập 2010-11-09.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-56"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-56">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">See: <ul> <li>Kramer (1987), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20091018221406/http://geocities.com/martinkramerorg/Alawis.htm">Syria's Alawis and Shi<i>ism pp.237–254</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://philtar.ucsm.ac.uk/encyclopedia/islam/shia/index.html">Shia branches</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20041025093409/http://philtar.ucsm.ac.uk/encyclopedia/islam/shia/index.html">Lưu trữ</a> 2004-10-25 tại <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> </ul></span></li> <li id="cite_note-peters_206-57"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-peters_206_57-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFPeters1994" class="citation book cs1">Peters, Francis E. (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/hajjmuslimpilgri0000pete"><i>The Hajj: The Muslim Pilgrimage to Mecca and the Holy Places</i></a>. Princeton University Press. tr. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/hajjmuslimpilgri0000pete/page/206">206</a>. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/0-691-02619-X?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/0-691-02619-X"><bdi>0-691-02619-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hajj%3A+The+Muslim+Pilgrimage+to+Mecca+and+the+Holy+Places&rft.pages=206&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=0-691-02619-X&rft.aulast=Peters&rft.aufirst=Francis+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhajjmuslimpilgri0000pete&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-58"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-58">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFEsposito2011" class="citation book cs1"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=John_Esposito&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="John Esposito (trang không tồn tại)">Esposito, John L.</a> (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://books.google.com/books?id%3D2wSVQI3Ya2EC%26pg%3DPA25"><i>What everyone needs to know about Islam</i></a>. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Oxford_University_Press?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. tr. 25. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/9780199794133?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/9780199794133"><bdi>9780199794133</bdi></a>. <q>Mecca, like Medina, is closed to non-Muslims</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=What+everyone+needs+to+know+about+Islam&rft.pages=25&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9780199794133&rft.aulast=Esposito&rft.aufirst=John+L.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2wSVQI3Ya2EC%26pg%3DPA25&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-59"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-59">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20181004185944/https://en.m.wikisource.org/wiki/Divine_Comedy_(Longfellow_1867)/Volume_1/Canto_28">“Divine Comedy (Longfellow 1867)/Volume 1/Canto 28 - Wikisource, the free online library”</a>. ngày 4 tháng 10 năm 2018. <a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.m.wikisource.org/wiki/Divine_Comedy_(Longfellow_1867)/Volume_1/Canto_28">Bản gốc</a> lưu trữ ngày 4 tháng 10 năm 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Divine+Comedy+%28Longfellow+1867%29%2FVolume+1%2FCanto+28+-+Wikisource%2C+the+free+online+library&rft.date=2018-10-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.m.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2FDivine_Comedy_%28Longfellow_1867%29%2FVolume_1%2FCanto_28&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-60"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-60">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFErwin_Fahlbusch1999" class="citation book cs1">Erwin Fahlbusch (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://books.google.com/books?id%3DyaecVMhMWaEC%26pg%3DPA759"><i>The Encyclopedia of Christianity, Volume 2</i></a>. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. tr. 759. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/9789004116955?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/9789004116955"><bdi>9789004116955</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Christianity%2C+Volume+2&rft.pages=759&rft.pub=Wm.+B.+Eerdmans+Publishing&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=9789004116955&rft.au=Erwin+Fahlbusch&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyaecVMhMWaEC%26pg%3DPA759&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-WarraqPoetry-61"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-WarraqPoetry_61-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFWarraq2003" class="citation book cs1">Warraq, Ibn (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/leavingislamapos00warr"><i>Leaving Islam: Apostates Speak Out</i></a>. Prometheus Books. tr. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/leavingislamapos00warr/page/n11">67</a>. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-1-59102-068-4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-1-59102-068-4"><bdi>978-1-59102-068-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Leaving+Islam%3A+Apostates+Speak+Out&rft.pages=67&rft.pub=Prometheus+Books&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-1-59102-068-4&rft.aulast=Warraq&rft.aufirst=Ibn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fleavingislamapos00warr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-Ibn_Kammuna-62"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Ibn_Kammuna_62-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFKammuna1971" class="citation book cs1">Kammuna, Ibn (1971). <i>Examination of the Three Faiths</i>. Berkeley and Los Angeles: Moshe Perlmann. tr. 148–149.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Examination+of+the+Three+Faiths&rft.place=Berkeley+and+Los+Angeles&rft.pages=148-149&rft.pub=Moshe+Perlmann&rft.date=1971&rft.aulast=Kammuna&rft.aufirst=Ibn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-Oussani-63">^ <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Oussani_63-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Oussani_63-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFOussani" class="citation web cs1">Oussani, Gabriel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10424a.htm">“Mohammed and Mohammedanism”</a>. <i>Newadvent.org</i>. Catholic Encyclopedia<span class="reference-accessdate">. Truy cập ngày 16 tháng 4 năm 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Newadvent.org&rft.atitle=Mohammed+and+Mohammedanism&rft.aulast=Oussani&rft.aufirst=Gabriel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newadvent.org%2Fcathen%2F10424a.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-BibleInQuran-64"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-BibleInQuran_64-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid%3D1032%26letter%3DB%233068">Bible in Mohammedian Literature.</a>, by Kaufmann Kohler Duncan B. McDonald, <i>Jewish Encyclopedia</i>. Truy cập ngày 22 tháng 4 năm 2006.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-65"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-65">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFSpencer2002" class="citation book cs1">Spencer, Robert (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/islamunveileddis00robe"><i>Islam Unveiled: Disturbing Questions About the World's Fastest Growing Faith</i></a>. Encounter Books. tr. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/islamunveileddis00robe/page/n39">22</a>–63. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-1-893554-58-0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-1-893554-58-0"><bdi>978-1-893554-58-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam+Unveiled%3A+Disturbing+Questions+About+the+World%27s+Fastest+Growing+Faith&rft.pages=22-63&rft.pub=Encounter+Books&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-1-893554-58-0&rft.aulast=Spencer&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fislamunveileddis00robe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceH-66"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ReferenceH_66-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Minou Reeves, P. J. Stewart <i>Muhammad in Europe: A Thousand Years of Western Myth-Making</i> NYU Press, 2003 <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/9780814775646?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/9780814775646">9780814775646</a> p. 93-96</span></li> <li id="cite_note-auto-67">^ <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-auto_67-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-auto_67-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text">G. Stone <i>Dante's Pluralism and the Islamic Philosophy of Religion</i> Springer, 12.05.2006 <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/9781403983091?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/9781403983091">9781403983091</a> p. 132</span></li> <li id="cite_note-68"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-68">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Hugh Goddard <i>A History of Christian-Muslim Relations</i> New Amsterdam Books, 05.09.2000 <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/9781461636212?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/9781461636212">9781461636212</a> p. 65</span></li> <li id="cite_note-69"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-69">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Tilman Nagel <i>Geschichte der islamischen Theologie: von Mohammed bis zur Gegenwart</i> C.H. Beck 1994 <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/9783406379819?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/9783406379819">9783406379819</a> p. 215</span></li> <li id="cite_note-70"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-70">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Camilla Adang, Hassan Ansari, Maribel Fierro, Sabine Schmidtke <i>Accusations of Unbelief in Islam: A Diachronic Perspective on </i>Takfīr'<b> BRILL, 30.10.2015 <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/9789004307834?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/9789004307834">9789004307834</a> p. 61</b></span></li> <li id="cite_note-71"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-71">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.csis.org/analysis/islam-and-patterns-terrorism-and-violent-extremism">“Islam and the Patterns in Terrorism and Violent Extremism”</a>. <i>www.csis.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Truy cập ngày 2 tháng 4 năm 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.csis.org&rft.atitle=Islam+and+the+Patterns+in+Terrorism+and+Violent+Extremism&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.csis.org%2Fanalysis%2Fislam-and-patterns-terrorism-and-violent-extremism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-72"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-72">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.telospress.com/how-many-muslims-still-support-terrorism/">“How Many Muslims Still Support Terrorism?”</a>. <i>www.telospress.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Truy cập ngày 2 tháng 4 năm 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.telospress.com&rft.atitle=How+Many+Muslims+Still+Support+Terrorism%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.telospress.com%2Fhow-many-muslims-still-support-terrorism%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-women-73"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-women_73-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20111109034847/http://www.freedomhouse.org/template.cfm?page%3D22%26year%3D2005%26country%3D6825">“Saudi Arabia – Country report – Freedom in the World – 2005”</a>. ngày 13 tháng 1 năm 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.freedomhouse.org/template.cfm?page%3D22%26year%3D2005%26country%3D6825">Bản gốc</a> lưu trữ ngày 9 tháng 11 năm 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Truy cập ngày 15 tháng 6 năm 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Saudi+Arabia+%E2%80%93+Country+report+%E2%80%93+Freedom+in+the+World+%E2%80%93+2005&rft.date=2012-01-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.freedomhouse.org%2Ftemplate.cfm%3Fpage%3D22%26year%3D2005%26country%3D6825&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-IslamInEurope-74"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-IslamInEurope_74-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFTimothy_Garton_Ash2006" class="citation news cs1">Timothy Garton Ash (ngày 5 tháng 10 năm 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.nybooks.com/articles/19371">“Islam in Europe”</a>. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=The_New_York_Review_of_Books&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="The New York Review of Books (trang không tồn tại)">The New York Review of Books</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Islam+in+Europe&rft.date=2006-10-05&rft.au=Timothy+Garton+Ash&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nybooks.com%2Farticles%2F19371&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-Modood-75"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Modood_75-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFModood2006" class="citation book cs1">Modood, Tariq (ngày 6 tháng 4 năm 2006). <i>Multiculturalism, Muslims and Citizenship: A European Approach</i> (ấn bản thứ 1). Routledge. tr. 29. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-0-415-35515-5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-0-415-35515-5"><bdi>978-0-415-35515-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Multiculturalism%2C+Muslims+and+Citizenship%3A+A+European+Approach&rft.pages=29&rft.edition=1&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2006-04-06&rft.isbn=978-0-415-35515-5&rft.aulast=Modood&rft.aufirst=Tariq&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-WarraqQuest-76"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-WarraqQuest_76-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFWarraq2000" class="citation book cs1">Warraq, Ibn (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/questforhistoric00ibnw"><i>The Quest for Historical Muhammad</i></a> (ấn bản thứ 1). Amherst, MA: Prometheus Books. tr. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/questforhistoric00ibnw/page/103">103</a>. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-1-57392-787-1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-1-57392-787-1"><bdi>978-1-57392-787-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Quest+for+Historical+Muhammad&rft.place=Amherst%2C+MA&rft.pages=103&rft.edition=1&rft.pub=Prometheus+Books&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-1-57392-787-1&rft.aulast=Warraq&rft.aufirst=Ibn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fquestforhistoric00ibnw&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-77"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-77">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Dudolgnon Islam In Politics In Russia Routledge, 05.11.2013 <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/9781136888786?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/9781136888786">9781136888786</a> p. 301-304</span></li> </ol> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(11)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Tham_khảo"><span id="Tham_kh.E1.BA.A3o"></span>Tham khảo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o&action=edit&section=20&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sửa đổi phần “Tham khảo”" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>sửa</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-11 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-11"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r41642734">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{list-style-type:none;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>dl>dd{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}</style> <div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFArberry1996" class="citation book cs1"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=A._J._Arberry&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="A. 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Al-Hilali Khan, Muhammad Taqi-ud-Din (ấn bản thứ 1). Dar-us-Salam Publications. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-9960740799?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-9960740799"><bdi>978-9960740799</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Noble+Quran&rft.edition=1&rft.pub=Dar-us-Salam+Publications&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-9960740799&rft.aulast=Khan&rft.aufirst=Muhammad+Muhsin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFKramer_(ed.)1999" class="citation book cs1"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Martin_Kramer&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Martin Kramer (trang không tồn tại)">Kramer (ed.), Martin</a> (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/jewishdiscoveryo0000unse"><i>The Jewish Discovery of Islam: Studies in Honor of Bernard Lewis</i></a>. Syracuse University. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-9652240408?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-9652240408"><bdi>978-9652240408</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Jewish+Discovery+of+Islam%3A+Studies+in+Honor+of+Bernard+Lewis&rft.pub=Syracuse+University&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-9652240408&rft.aulast=Kramer+%28ed.%29&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fjewishdiscoveryo0000unse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">Quản lý CS1: văn bản dư: danh sách tác giả (<a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Th%E1%BB%83_lo%E1%BA%A1i:Qu%E1%BA%A3n_l%C3%BD_CS1:_v%C4%83n_b%E1%BA%A3n_d%C6%B0:_danh_s%C3%A1ch_t%C3%A1c_gi%E1%BA%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thể loại:Quản lý CS1: văn bản dư: danh sách tác giả">liên kết</a>)</span></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFKuban1974" class="citation book cs1">Kuban, Dogan (1974). <i>Muslim Religious Architecture</i>. Brill Academic Publishers. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/9004038132?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/9004038132"><bdi>9004038132</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muslim+Religious+Architecture&rft.pub=Brill+Academic+Publishers&rft.date=1974&rft.isbn=9004038132&rft.aulast=Kuban&rft.aufirst=Dogan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFLewis1994" class="citation book cs1">Lewis, Bernard (1994). <i>Islam and the West</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-0195090611?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-0195090611"><bdi>978-0195090611</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam+and+the+West&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0195090611&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=Bernard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFLewis1996" class="citation book cs1">Lewis, Bernard (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/culturesinconfli0000lewi"><i>Cultures in Conflict: Christians, Muslims, and Jews in the Age of Discovery</i></a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-0195102833?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-0195102833"><bdi>978-0195102833</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cultures+in+Conflict%3A+Christians%2C+Muslims%2C+and+Jews+in+the+Age+of+Discovery&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0195102833&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=Bernard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fculturesinconfli0000lewi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFMubarkpuri2002" class="citation book cs1">Mubarkpuri, Saifur-Rahman (2002). <i><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=The_Sealed_Nectar&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="The Sealed Nectar (trang không tồn tại)">The Sealed Nectar</a>: Biography of the Prophet</i>. Dar-us-Salam Publications. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-1591440710?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-1591440710"><bdi>978-1591440710</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Sealed+Nectar%3A+Biography+of+the+Prophet&rft.pub=Dar-us-Salam+Publications&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-1591440710&rft.aulast=Mubarkpuri&rft.aufirst=Saifur-Rahman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFNajeebabadi2001" class="citation book cs1">Najeebabadi, Akbar Shah (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/historyofislamvo0000naje"><i>History of Islam</i></a>. Dar-us-Salam Publications. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-1591440345?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-1591440345"><bdi>978-1591440345</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+Islam&rft.pub=Dar-us-Salam+Publications&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-1591440345&rft.aulast=Najeebabadi&rft.aufirst=Akbar+Shah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoryofislamvo0000naje&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFNigosian2004" class="citation book cs1">Nigosian, S. A. (2004). <i>Islam: Its History, Teaching, and Practices</i> . Đại học Indiana Press. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-0253216274?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-0253216274"><bdi>978-0253216274</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam%3A+Its+History%2C+Teaching%2C+and+Practices&rft.edition=New&rft.pub=%C4%90%E1%BA%A1i+h%E1%BB%8Dc+Indiana+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0253216274&rft.aulast=Nigosian&rft.aufirst=S.+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFRahman1979" class="citation book cs1"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Fazlur_Rahman&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Fazlur Rahman (trang không tồn tại)">Rahman, Fazlur</a> (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780226702810"><i>Islam</i></a> (ấn bản thứ 2). University of Chicago Press. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/0-226-70281-2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/0-226-70281-2"><bdi>0-226-70281-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam&rft.edition=2&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1979&rft.isbn=0-226-70281-2&rft.aulast=Rahman&rft.aufirst=Fazlur&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisbn_9780226702810&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFTausch2009" class="citation book cs1"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Arno_Tausch&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Arno Tausch (trang không tồn tại)">Tausch, Arno</a> (2009). <i>Muslim Calvinism</i> (ấn bản thứ 1). Rozenberg Publishers, Amsterdam. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-905170995?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-905170995"><bdi>978-905170995</bdi></a><span class="cs1-visible-error error citation-comment"> Kiểm tra giá trị <code class="cs1-code">|isbn=</code>: số con số (<a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tr%E1%BB%A3_gi%C3%BAp:L%E1%BB%97i_CS1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#bad_isbn" title="Trợ giúp:Lỗi CS1">trợ giúp</a>)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muslim+Calvinism&rft.edition=1&rft.pub=Rozenberg+Publishers%2C+Amsterdam&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Tausch&rft.aufirst=Arno&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFTausch2009" class="citation book cs1">Tausch, Arno (2009). <i>What 1.3 Billion Muslims Really Think: An Answer to a Recent Gallup Study, Based on the "<a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kh%E1%BA%A3o_s%C3%A1t_gi%C3%A1_tr%E1%BB%8B_th%E1%BA%BF_gi%E1%BB%9Bi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Khảo sát giá trị thế giới">World Values Survey</a>". Foreword Mansoor Moaddel, Eastern Michigan University</i> (ấn bản thứ 1). Nova Science Publishers, New York. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-1-60692-731-1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-1-60692-731-1"><bdi>978-1-60692-731-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=What+1.3+Billion+Muslims+Really+Think%3A+An+Answer+to+a+Recent+Gallup+Study%2C+Based+on+the+%22World+Values+Survey%22.+Foreword+Mansoor+Moaddel%2C+Eastern+Michigan+University&rft.edition=1&rft.pub=Nova+Science+Publishers%2C+New+York&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-60692-731-1&rft.aulast=Tausch&rft.aufirst=Arno&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFWalker1998" class="citation book cs1"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Walker&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Benjamin Walker (trang không tồn tại)">Walker, Benjamin</a> (1998). <i>Foundations of Islam: The Making of a World Faith</i>. Peter Owen Publishers. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-0720610383?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-0720610383"><bdi>978-0720610383</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Foundations+of+Islam%3A+The+Making+of+a+World+Faith&rft.pub=Peter+Owen+Publishers&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0720610383&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%93i+gi%C3%A1o" class="Z3988"></span></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(12)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Đọc_thêm"><span id=".C4.90.E1.BB.8Dc_th.C3.AAm"></span>Đọc thêm</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o&action=edit&section=21&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sửa đổi phần “Đọc thêm”" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>sửa</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-12 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-12"> <ul> <li>"Islam in Traditional China. A short history to 1800.", Donald D. Leslie, Canberra College of Advanced Education (CCAE), Canberra 1986.</li> <li>"Le Prophète de l'Islam, sa vie, son oeuvre", Muhammad Hamidullah, Editions El-Najah, 6ème édition augmentée, Paris 1998.</li> <li>"Manuel d'Histoire, de Généalogie et de Chronologie de tous les Etats du Globe depuis les temps les plus reculés jusqu'à nos jours", Stokvis A.M.H.J., Leiden, 1888-1893 (ré-édition en 1966 par B.M.Israel).</li> <li>"Musulmans de Chine - Une anthropologie des Hui du Henan", Elisabeth Allès, Editions EHESS, Paris 2000.</li> <li>"Trung Quốc Sử Lược", Phan Khoang, bản in lần thứ ba, Sài gòn và Huế 1958.</li> <li>"Từ điển Hán - Việt", Nhà xuất bản ngoại văn Bắc Kinh, 1994.</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(13)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Liên_kết_ngoài"><span id="Li.C3.AAn_k.E1.BA.BFt_ngo.C3.A0i"></span>Liên kết ngoài</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" 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class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Đức (Thụy Sĩ)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Đức (Thụy Sĩ)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%258A%25A5%25E1%2588%25B5%25E1%2588%258D%25E1%2588%259D%25E1%258A%2593" title="እስልምና – Tiếng Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="እስልምና" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2587%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25AE" title="इस्लाम – Tiếng Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="इस्लाम" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allad%25C5%258Dm" title="Alladōm – Tiếng Anh cổ" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Alladōm" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Anh cổ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="huy hiệu bài viết chọn lọc"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25A5%25D8%25B3%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585" title="الإسلام – Tiếng Ả Rập" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الإسلام" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ả Rập" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Aragon" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Aragon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DC%2590%25DC%25A3%25DC%25A0%25DC%2590%25DC%25A1" title="ܐܣܠܐܡ – Tiếng Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܐܣܠܐܡ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D4%25BB%25D5%25BD%25D5%25AC%25D5%25A1%25D5%25B4%25D5%25B8%25D6%2582%25D5%25A9%25D5%25AB%25D6%2582%25D5%25B6" title="Իսլամութիւն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Իսլամութիւն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islame" title="Islame – Tiếng Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Islame" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%2587%25E0%25A6%259B%25E0%25A6%25B2%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25AE" title="ইছলাম – Tiếng Assam" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ইছলাম" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Assam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Asturias" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Asturias" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2587%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25AE" title="इस्लाम – Tiếng Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="इस्लाम" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isl%25C3%25A3" title="Islã – Tiếng Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Islã" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="huy hiệu bài viết chọn lọc"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D1%2581%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC" title="Ислам – Tiếng Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Ислам" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0slam" title="İslam – Tiếng Azerbaijan" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İslam" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Azerbaijan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25DB%258C%25D8%25B3%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585" title="ایسلام – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ایسلام" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Indonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Indonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="huy hiệu bài viết chọn lọc"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Mã Lai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Mã Lai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agama_Islam" title="Agama Islam – Tiếng Bali" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Agama Islam" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Bali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silameya" title="Silameya – Tiếng Bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Silameya" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%2587%25E0%25A6%25B8%25E0%25A6%25B2%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25AE" title="ইসলাম – Tiếng Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইসলাম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Mân Nam" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Mân Nam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="huy hiệu bài viết chọn lọc"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D1%2581%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC" title="Ислам – Tiếng Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ислам" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2586%25D1%2581%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC" title="Іслам – Tiếng Belarus" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Іслам" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Belarus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2586%25D1%2581%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC" title="Іслам – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Іслам" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Madura" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Madura" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2587%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25AE" title="इस्लाम – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="इस्लाम" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Bavaria" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Bavaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25BD%2591%25E0%25BD%2596%25E0%25BE%25B1%25E0%25BD%25B2%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%25A6%25E0%25BD%25B2%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%25A3%25E0%25BD%2598%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%2586%25E0%25BD%25BC%25E0%25BD%25A6%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%25A3%25E0%25BD%25B4%25E0%25BD%2582%25E0%25BD%25A6%25E0%25BC%258D" title="དབྱི་སི་ལམ་ཆོས་ལུགས། – Tiếng Tây Tạng" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="དབྱི་སི་ལམ་ཆོས་ལུགས།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Tây Tạng" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selleng" title="Selleng – Tiếng Bugin" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="Selleng" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Bugin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Ugi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D1%2581%25D0%25BB%25D1%258F%25D0%25BC" title="Ислям – Tiếng Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ислям" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%25D1%258B%25D0%25BD_%25D1%2588%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B6%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD" title="Лалын шажан – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Лалын шажан" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="huy hiệu bài viết chọn lọc"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D1%2581%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC" title="Ислам – Tiếng Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Ислам" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isl%25C3%25A1m" title="Islám – Tiếng Séc" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Islám" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Séc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Nyanja" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Nyanja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chi-Chewa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uyisalama" title="Uyisalama – Tiếng Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Uyisalama" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamu" title="Islamu – Tiếng Corsica" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Islamu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Corsica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Wales" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Wales" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musulunsi" title="Musulunsi – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Musulunsi" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="bài chất lượng cao"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Đan Mạch" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Đan Mạch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A5%25D8%25B3%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585" title="إسلام – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="إسلام" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isl%25C3%25A1ma" title="Isláma – Tiếng Sami Miền Bắc" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Isláma" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Sami Miền Bắc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islaam" title="Islaam – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Islaam" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Đức" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Đức" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DE%2587%25DE%25A8%25DE%2590%25DE%25B0%25DE%258D%25DE%25A7%25DE%2589%25DE%25B0" title="އިސްލާމް – Tiếng Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="އިސްލާމް" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Hạ Sorbia" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hạ Sorbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2587%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25AE" title="इस्लाम – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="इस्लाम" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Estonia" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Estonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CE%2599%25CF%2583%25CE%25BB%25CE%25AC%25CE%25BC" title="Ισλάμ – Tiếng Hy Lạp" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ισλάμ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hy Lạp" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%258C%25C5%259Blam" title="Ìślam – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Ìślam" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bài viết tốt"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Anh" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Anh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bài viết tốt"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Tây Ban Nha" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Tây Ban Nha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="huy hiệu bài viết chọn lọc"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamo" title="Islamo – Tiếng Quốc Tế Ngữ" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Islamo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Quốc Tế Ngữ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Extremadura" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Extremadura" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B3%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585" title="اسلام – Tiếng Ba Tư" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اسلام" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ba Tư" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Faroe" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Faroe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Pháp" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Pháp" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Frisia" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Frisia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lislaamu" title="Lislaamu – Tiếng Fulah" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Lislaamu" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Fulah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioslam" title="Ioslam – Tiếng Ireland" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ioslam" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ireland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_Islam" title="Yn Islam – Tiếng Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Islam" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0slam" title="İslam – Tiếng Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="İslam" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioslam" title="Ioslam – Tiếng Gael Scotland" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Ioslam" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Gael Scotland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D1%2581%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC" title="Ислам – Tiếng Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Ислам" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E4%25BC%258A%25E6%2596%25AF%25E8%2598%25AD%25E6%2595%2599" title="伊斯蘭教 – Tiếng Cám" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="伊斯蘭教" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Cám" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D9%258A%25D8%25B3%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585" title="ايسلام – Tiếng Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="ايسلام" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AA%2587%25E0%25AA%25B8%25E0%25AB%258D%25E0%25AA%25B2%25E0%25AA%25BE%25E0%25AA%25AE" title="ઇસ્લામ – Tiếng Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ઇસ્લામ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25F0%2590%258C%25B9%25F0%2590%258D%2583%25F0%2590%258C%25BB%25F0%2590%258C%25B0%25F0%2590%258C%25BC" title="𐌹𐍃𐌻𐌰𐌼 – Tiếng Gô-tích" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌹𐍃𐌻𐌰𐌼" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Gô-tích" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y%25C3%25AE-s%25E1%25B9%25B3%25CC%2582-l%25C3%25A0n-kau" title="Yî-sṳ̂-làn-kau – Tiếng Khách Gia" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Yî-sṳ̂-làn-kau" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Khách Gia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB_%25D1%2588%25D0%25B0%25D2%2597%25D0%25BD" title="Лал шаҗн – Tiếng Kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Лал шаҗн" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Kalmyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EC%259D%25B4%25EC%258A%25AC%25EB%259E%258C%25EA%25B5%2590" title="이슬람교 – Tiếng Hàn" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이슬람교" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hàn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musulunci" title="Musulunci – Tiếng Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Musulunci" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ho%25CA%25BBomana_Mohameka" title="Hoʻomana Mohameka – Tiếng Hawaii" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Hoʻomana Mohameka" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hawaii" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D4%25BB%25D5%25BD%25D5%25AC%25D5%25A1%25D5%25B4" title="Իսլամ – Tiếng Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Իսլամ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2587%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25AE" title="इस्लाम – Tiếng Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="इस्लाम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Thượng Sorbia" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Thượng Sorbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Croatia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Croatia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamo" title="Islamo – Tiếng Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Islamo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2580lak%25E1%25BB%25A5%25CC%2580ba" title="Àlakụ̀ba – Tiếng Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Àlakụ̀ba" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Khoa Học Quốc Tế" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Khoa Học Quốc Tế" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259F%25D1%258B%25D1%2581%25D1%258B%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD_%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD" title="Пысылмон дин – Tiếng Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Пысылмон дин" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%258Dslam" title="Íslam – Tiếng Iceland" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Íslam" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Iceland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Italy" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Italy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%2590%25D7%25A1%25D7%259C%25D7%2590%25D7%259D" title="אסלאם – Tiếng Do Thái" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אסלאם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Do Thái" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Java" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Java" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iizilaam" title="Iizilaam – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Iizilaam" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Kalaallisut" lang="kl" hreflang="kl" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Kalaallisut" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Kalaallisut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kalaallisut</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B2%2587%25E0%25B2%25B8%25E0%25B3%258D%25E0%25B2%25B2%25E0%25B2%25BE%25E0%25B2%2582_%25E0%25B2%25A7%25E0%25B2%25B0%25E0%25B3%258D%25E0%25B2%25AE" title="ಇಸ್ಲಾಂ ಧರ್ಮ – Tiếng Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಇಸ್ಲಾಂ ಧರ್ಮ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D1%2581%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC" title="Ислам – Tiếng Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Ислам" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%25A1%25E1%2583%259A%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%259B%25E1%2583%2598" title="ისლამი – Tiếng Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ისლამი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D9%2590%25D8%25B3%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585" title="اِسلام – Tiếng Kashmir" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="اِسلام" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Kashmir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D1%2581%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC" title="Ислам – Tiếng Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ислам" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Cornwall" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Cornwall" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamu" title="Islamu – Tiếng Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Islamu" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D1%2581%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC" title="Ислам – Tiếng Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Ислам" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uislamu" title="Uislamu – Tiếng Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Uislamu" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kisilamu" title="Kisilamu – Tiếng Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Kisilamu" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamis" title="Islamis – Tiếng Haiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Islamis" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Haiti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%258Eslam" title="Îslam – Tiếng Kurd" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Îslam" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Kurd" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D1%2581%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC" title="Ислам – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Ислам" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25BA%25AA%25E0%25BA%25B2%25E0%25BA%25AA%25E0%25BA%25B0%25E0%25BB%259C%25E0%25BA%25B2%25E0%25BA%25AD%25E0%25BA%25B4%25E0%25BA%25AA%25E0%25BA%25B0%25E0%25BA%25A5%25E0%25BA%25B2%25E0%25BA%25A1" title="ສາສະໜາອິສະລາມ – Tiếng Lào" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ສາສະໜາອິສະລາມ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Lào" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religio_Islamica" title="Religio Islamica – Tiếng La-tinh" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Religio Islamica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Tiếng La-tinh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isl%25C4%2581ms" title="Islāms – Tiếng Latvia" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Islāms" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Latvia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Luxembourg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Luxembourg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D1%2581%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC" title="Ислам – Tiếng Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Ислам" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamas" title="Islamas – Tiếng Litva" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Islamas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Litva" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamiximo" title="Islamiximo – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Islamiximo" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Limburg" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Limburg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamu" title="Islamu – Tiếng Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Islamu" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/musyjda" title="musyjda – Tiếng Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="musyjda" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Tiếng Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="huy hiệu bài viết chọn lọc"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iszl%25C3%25A1m" title="Iszlám – Tiếng Hungary" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Iszlám" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hungary" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2587%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25AE" title="इस्लाम – Tiếng Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="इस्लाम" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D1%2581%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC" title="Ислам – Tiếng Macedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Ислам" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Macedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silamo" title="Silamo – Tiếng Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Silamo" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B4%2587%25E0%25B4%25B8%25E0%25B5%258D%25E2%2580%258C%25E0%25B4%25B2%25E0%25B4%25BE%25E0%25B4%2582" title="ഇസ്ലാം – Tiếng Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഇസ്ലാം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%25C5%25BClam" title="Iżlam – Tiếng Malta" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Iżlam" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Malta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ihirama" title="Ihirama – Tiếng Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Ihirama" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2587%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25AE" title="इस्लाम – Tiếng Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इस्लाम" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%25A1%25E1%2583%259A%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%259B%25E1%2583%2598" title="ისლამი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ისლამი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="huy hiệu bài viết chọn lọc"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B3%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585" title="الاسلام – Tiếng Ả Rập Ai Cập" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الاسلام" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ả Rập Ai Cập" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25DB%258C%25D8%25B3%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585" title="ایسلام – Tiếng Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="ایسلام" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EA%25AF%258F%25EA%25AF%2581%25EA%25AF%25AD%25EA%25AF%2582%25EA%25AF%25A5%25EA%25AF%259D_%25EA%25AF%2582%25EA%25AF%25A5%25EA%25AF%258F%25EA%25AF%2585%25EA%25AF%25A4%25EA%25AF%25A1" title="ꯏꯁ꯭ꯂꯥꯝ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡ – Tiếng Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯏꯁ꯭ꯂꯥꯝ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="huy hiệu bài viết chọn lọc"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25AC-s%25E1%25B9%25B3%25CC%2586-l%25C3%25A0ng-g%25C3%25A1u" title="Ĭ-sṳ̆-làng-gáu – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Ĭ-sṳ̆-làng-gáu" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eislan" title="Eislan – Tiếng Miranda" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Eislan" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Miranda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D1%2581%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC" title="Ислам – Tiếng Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Ислам" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D1%2581%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC" title="Ислам – Tiếng Mông Cổ" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Ислам" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Mông Cổ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%25A1%25E1%2580%2585%25E1%2580%25B9%25E1%2580%2585%25E1%2580%259C%25E1%2580%25AC%25E1%2580%2599%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%2598%25E1%2580%25AC%25E1%2580%259E%25E1%2580%25AC" title="အစ္စလာမ်ဘာသာ – Tiếng Miến Điện" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အစ္စလာမ်ဘာသာ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Miến Điện" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pcm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Nigeria Pidgin" lang="pcm" hreflang="pcm" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Naijá" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Nigeria Pidgin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Naijá</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Hà Lan" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hà Lan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Hạ Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hạ Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2587%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25AE_%25E0%25A4%25A7%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25AE" title="इस्लाम धर्म – Tiếng Nepal" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="इस्लाम धर्म" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Nepal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2587%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25AE" title="इस्लाम – Tiếng Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="इस्लाम" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E3%2582%25A4%25E3%2582%25B9%25E3%2583%25A9%25E3%2583%25A0%25E6%2595%2599" title="イスラム教 – Tiếng Nhật" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イスラム教" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Nhật" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Napoli" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Napoli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DF%2596%25DF%2598%25DF%258D%25DF%25AC%25DF%259E%25DF%259F%25DF%258F%25DF%25AC%25DF%25A6%25DF%258A" title="ߖߘߍ߬ߞߟߏ߬ߦߊ – Tiếng N’Ko" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߖߘߍ߬ߞߟߏ߬ߦߊ" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="Tiếng N’Ko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D1%2581%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC" title="Ислам – Tiếng Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Ислам" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islaam" title="Islaam – Tiếng Frisia Miền Bắc" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Islaam" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Frisia Miền Bắc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islem" title="Islem – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Islem" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Na Uy (Bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Na Uy (Bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Na Uy (Nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Na Uy (Nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islame" title="Islame – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Islame" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AC%2587%25E0%25AC%25B8%25E0%25AC%25B2%25E0%25AC%25BE%25E0%25AC%25AE_%25E0%25AC%25A7%25E0%25AC%25B0%25E0%25AD%258D%25E0%25AC%25AE" title="ଇସଲାମ ଧର୍ମ – Tiếng Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଇସଲାମ ଧର୍ମ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islaamaa" title="Islaamaa – Tiếng Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Islaamaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islom" title="Islom – Tiếng Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Islom" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A8%2587%25E0%25A8%25B8%25E0%25A8%25B2%25E0%25A8%25BE%25E0%25A8%25AE" title="ਇਸਲਾਮ – Tiếng Punjab" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਇਸਲਾਮ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Punjab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2587%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25AE_%25E0%25A4%25A7%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25AE" title="इस्लाम धम्म – Tiếng Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="इस्लाम धम्म" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B3%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585" title="اسلام – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اسلام" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%25A1%25E1%2580%25AD%25E1%2580%2585%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%259E%25E1%2580%25AC%25E1%2580%259C%25E1%2580%2599%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%2598%25E1%2580%25AC%25E1%2582%258F%25E1%2580%259E%25E1%2580%25AC%25E1%2582%258F" title="အိစ်သာလမ်ဘာႏသာႏ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="အိစ်သာလမ်ဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B3%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585" title="اسلام – Tiếng Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="اسلام" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izlam" title="Izlam – Tiếng Anh Jamaica Creole" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Izlam" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Anh Jamaica Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%259E%25A5%25E1%259E%259F%25E1%259F%2592%25E1%259E%259B%25E1%259E%25B6%25E1%259E%2598%25E1%259E%259F%25E1%259E%25B6%25E1%259E%259F%25E1%259E%2593%25E1%259E%25B6" title="ឥស្លាមសាសនា – Tiếng Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ឥស្លាមសាសនា" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%25A1%25E1%2580%25B1%25E1%2580%25BF%25E1%2580%259C%25E1%2580%25AC%25E1%2580%2599%25E1%2580%25BA" title="အေဿလာမ် – Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="အေဿလာမ်" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ဘာသာမန်</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Hạ Giéc-man" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hạ Giéc-man" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Ba Lan" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ba Lan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="huy hiệu bài viết chọn lọc"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamismo" title="Islamismo – Tiếng Bồ Đào Nha" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Islamismo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Bồ Đào Nha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0sl%25C3%25A2m" title="İslâm – Tiếng Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ Crimean" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="İslâm" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ Crimean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Romania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Romania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Romansh" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Romansh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2586%25D1%2581%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC" title="Іслам – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Іслам" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D1%2581%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC" title="Ислам – Tiếng Nga" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ислам" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Nga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D1%2581%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC" title="Ислаам – Tiếng Sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Ислаам" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2587%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A5%258D-%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A5%258D" title="इस्लाम्-मतम् – Tiếng Phạn" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="इस्लाम्-मतम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Phạn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%25B1%25A4%25E1%25B1%25A5%25E1%25B1%259E%25E1%25B1%259F%25E1%25B1%25A2" title="ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ – Tiếng Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B3%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585" title="اسلام – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="اسلام" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Sardinia" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Sardinia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islami" title="Islami – Tiếng Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Islami" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Sicilia" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Sicilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B6%2589%25E0%25B7%2583%25E0%25B7%258A%25E0%25B6%25BD%25E0%25B7%258F%25E0%25B6%25B8%25E0%25B7%258A" title="ඉස්ලාම් – Tiếng Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ඉස්ලාම්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B3%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585" title="اسلام – Tiếng Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="اسلام" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Slovenia" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Slovenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islaam" title="Islaam – Tiếng Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Islaam" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A6%25DB%258C%25D8%25B3%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585" title="ئیسلام – Tiếng Kurd Miền Trung" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئیسلام" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Kurd Miền Trung" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D1%2581%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC" title="Ислам – Tiếng Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ислам" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Serbo-Croatia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Serbo-Croatia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Sunda" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Sunda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Phần Lan" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Phần Lan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Thụy Điển" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Thụy Điển" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lislam" title="Lislam – Tiếng Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Lislam" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AE%2587%25E0%25AE%259A%25E0%25AF%2581%25E0%25AE%25B2%25E0%25AE%25BE%25E0%25AE%25AE%25E0%25AF%258D" title="இசுலாம் – Tiếng Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இசுலாம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tineslemt" title="Tineslemt – Tiếng Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tineslemt" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D1%2581%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC" title="Ислам – Tiếng Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Ислам" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B0%2587%25E0%25B0%25B8%25E0%25B1%258D%25E0%25B0%25B2%25E0%25B0%25BE%25E0%25B0%2582_%25E0%25B0%25AE%25E0%25B0%25A4%25E0%25B0%2582" title="ఇస్లాం మతం – Tiếng Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఇస్లాం మతం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B8%25A8%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B8%25AA%25E0%25B8%2599%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B8%25AD%25E0%25B8%25B4%25E0%25B8%25AA%25E0%25B8%25A5%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B8%25A1" title="ศาสนาอิสลาม – Tiếng Thái" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ศาสนาอิสลาม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Thái" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2588%259D%25E1%2588%25B5%25E1%2588%258D%25E1%2588%259D%25E1%258A%2593" title="ምስልምና – Tiếng Tigrinya" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ምስልምና" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Tigrinya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D1%2581%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC" title="Ислом – Tiếng Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ислом" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B2%2587%25E0%25B2%25B8%25E0%25B3%258D%25E0%25B2%25B2%25E0%25B2%25BE%25E0%25B2%25AE%25E0%25B3%258D_%25E0%25B2%25A7%25E0%25B2%25B0%25E0%25B3%258D%25E0%25B2%25AE" title="ಇಸ್ಲಾಮ್ ಧರ್ಮ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಇಸ್ಲಾಮ್ ಧರ್ಮ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0slam" title="İslam – Tiếng Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İslam" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isl%25C3%25A4m" title="Isläm – Tiếng Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Isläm" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nkramosom" title="Nkramosom – Tiếng Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Nkramosom" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khwikpaa%25CC%25B1pyia%25CC%25B1" title="Khwikpaa̱pyia̱ – Tiếng Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Khwikpaa̱pyia̱" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2586%25D1%2581%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC" title="Іслам – Tiếng Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Іслам" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B3%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585" title="اسلام – Tiếng Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اسلام" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A6%25D9%2589%25D8%25B3%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585_%25D8%25AF%25D9%2589%25D9%2586%25D9%2589" title="ئىسلام دىنى – Tiếng Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئىسلام دىنى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yihswhlanzgyau" title="Yihswhlanzgyau – Tiếng Choang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Yihswhlanzgyau" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Choang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slam" title="Slam – Tiếng Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Slam" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhamediusk" title="Muhamediusk – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Muhamediusk" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E5%259B%259E%25E6%2595%2599" title="回教 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="回教" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lislaam" title="Lislaam – Tiếng Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Lislaam" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E5%259B%259E%25E6%2595%2599" title="回教 – Tiếng Ngô" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="回教" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ngô" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vusurumani" title="Vusurumani – Tiếng Tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Vusurumani" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%2590%25D7%2599%25D7%25A1%25D7%259C%25D7%2590%25D7%259D" title="איסלאם – Tiếng Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="איסלאם" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bài viết tốt"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%25BA%25B8%25CC%2580s%25C3%25ACn_Islam" title="Ẹ̀sìn Islam – Tiếng Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ẹ̀sìn Islam" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E4%25BC%258A%25E6%2596%25AF%25E8%2598%25AD%25E6%2595%2599" title="伊斯蘭教 – Tiếng Quảng Đông" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="伊斯蘭教" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Quảng Đông" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0slam" title="İslam – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="İslam" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islams" title="Islams – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Islams" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bài viết tốt"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E4%25BC%258A%25E6%2596%25AF%25E5%2585%25B0%25E6%2595%2599" title="伊斯兰教 – Tiếng Trung" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="伊斯兰教" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Trung" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isilam" title="Isilam – Tiếng Obolo" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Isilam" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Obolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bbc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bbc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Batak Toba" lang="bbc" hreflang="bbc" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Batak Toba" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Batak Toba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Toba</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bdr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bdr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – West Coast Bajau" lang="bdr" hreflang="bdr" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Bajau Sama" data-language-local-name="West Coast Bajau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bajau Sama</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selam" title="Selam – Tiếng Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Selam" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Dusun Miền Trung" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Dusun Miền Trung" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tiếng Iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E2%25B5%2589%25E2%25B5%2599%25E2%25B5%258D%25E2%25B4%25B0%25E2%25B5%258E" title="ⵉⵙⵍⴰⵎ – Tiếng Tamazight Chuẩn của Ma-rốc" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵉⵙⵍⴰⵎ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Tamazight Chuẩn của Ma-rốc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; 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