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Es ist jedoch nicht zwingend erforderlich." class=""><span>Crear in conto d'utilisader</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spezial:Anmelden&returnto=Surmiran" title="I fiss bun sche ti s'annunziassas, ti na stos dentant betg. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>T'annunziar</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Weitere Optionen" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Utensils persunals" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Utensils persunals</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Benutzermenü" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_rm.wikipedia.org&uselang=rm"><span>Donaziuns</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spezial:Benutzerkonto_anlegen&returnto=Surmiran" title="Wir ermutigen dich dazu, ein Benutzerkonto zu erstellen und dich anzumelden. Es ist jedoch nicht zwingend erforderlich."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Crear in conto d'utilisader</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spezial:Anmelden&returnto=Surmiran" title="I fiss bun sche ti s'annunziassas, ti na stos dentant betg. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>T'annunziar</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Seiten für abgemeldete Benutzer <a href="/wiki/Agid:Einf%C3%BChrung" aria-label="Erfahre mehr über das Bearbeiten"><span>Weitere Informationen</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spezial:Meine_Beitr%C3%A4ge" title="Eine Liste der Bearbeitungen, die von dieser IP-Adresse gemacht wurden [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contribuziuns</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spezial:Meine_Diskussionsseite" title="Discussiun davart modificaziuns che derivan da questa adressa dad IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pagina da discussiun da questa IP</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Website"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhaltsverzeichnis" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhaltsverzeichnis</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">In die Seitenleiste verschieben</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">Verbergen</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Anfang</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Territori_linguistic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Territori_linguistic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Territori linguistic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Territori_linguistic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Caracteristicas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Caracteristicas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Caracteristicas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Caracteristicas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Retratga_da_la_lingua" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Retratga_da_la_lingua"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Retratga da la lingua</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Retratga_da_la_lingua-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Medias" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medias"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Medias</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Medias-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prova_da_text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prova_da_text"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Prova da text</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prova_da_text-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Annotaziuns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Annotaziuns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Annotaziuns</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Annotaziuns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Colliaziuns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Colliaziuns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Colliaziuns</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Colliaziuns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhaltsverzeichnis" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhaltsverzeichnis umschalten" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhaltsverzeichnis umschalten</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Surmiran</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Zu einem Artikel in einer anderen Sprache gehen. Verfügbar in 8 Sprachen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-8" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">8 Sprachen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surmiran" title="Surmiran – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Surmiran" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surmeirische_Sprache" title="Surmeirische Sprache – tudestg" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Surmeirische Sprache" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tudestg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surmiran_dialect" title="Surmiran dialect – englais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Surmiran dialect" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="englais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supramirano" title="Supramirano – spagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Supramirano" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surmiran" title="Surmiran – basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Surmiran" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surmiran" title="Surmiran – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Surmiran" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surmiran" title="Surmiran – Lombardisch" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Surmiran" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombardisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surmiransk" title="Surmiransk – norvegais bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Surmiransk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegais bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q690216#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifitgar las colliaziuns tar autras linguas" class="wbc-editpage">Modifitgar colliaziuns</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Tip da pagina"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Surmiran" title="Mussar l'artitgel [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artitgel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussiun:Surmiran&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discussiuns davart il cuntegn da l'artitgel (n'exista betg) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussiun</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Sprachvariante ändern" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">rumantsch</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Questa pagina"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Surmiran"><span>Leger</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surmiran&veaction=edit" title="Modifitgar questa pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifitgar</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surmiran&action=edit" title="Modifitgar il code da funtauna da questa pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifitgar il code</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surmiran&action=history" title="Versiuns pli veglias da questa pagina [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Cronologia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Seitenwerkzeuge"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Utensils" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Utensils</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Werkzeuge</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">In die Seitenleiste verschieben</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">Verbergen</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Weitere Optionen" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Aktionen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Surmiran"><span>Leger</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surmiran&veaction=edit" title="Modifitgar questa pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifitgar</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surmiran&action=edit" title="Modifitgar il code da funtauna da questa pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifitgar il code</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surmiran&action=history"><span>Cronologia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Allgemein </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spezial:Linkliste/Surmiran" title="Glista da tut las paginas vichi che mussan sin questa pagina [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Colliaziuns sin questa pagina</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spezial:%C3%84nderungen_an_verlinkten_Seiten/Surmiran" rel="nofollow" title="Ultimas midadas sin paginas colliadas cun questa pagina [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Modificaziuns sin paginas colliadas</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spezial:Spezialseiten" title="Glista da tut las paginas spezialas [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Paginas spezialas</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surmiran&oldid=166570" title="Link permanent tar questa versiun da la pagina"><span>Colliaziun permanenta</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surmiran&action=info" title="Weitere Informationen über diese Seite"><span>Infurmaziuns da la pagina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spezial:Zitierhilfe&page=Surmiran&id=166570&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Hinweise, wie diese Seite zitiert werden kann"><span>Citar questa pagina</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spezial:URL-K%C3%BCrzung&url=https%3A%2F%2Frm.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSurmiran"><span>Gekürzte URL abrufen</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spezial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Frm.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSurmiran"><span>QR-Code runterladen</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Stampar/exportar </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spezial:Buch&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Surmiran"><span>Crear in cudesch</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spezial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Surmiran&action=show-download-screen"><span>Telechargiar sco PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surmiran&printable=yes" title="Versiun per stampar da questa pagina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versiun per stampar</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> En auters projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Surmiran" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q690216" title="Link zum verbundenen Objekt im Datenrepositorium [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata object</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Seitenwerkzeuge"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Erscheinungsbild"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Erscheinungsbild</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">In die Seitenleiste verschieben</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">Verbergen</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Ord Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="rm" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteca:Mundarten_Graub%C3%BCnden.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Mundarten_Graub%C3%BCnden.png/270px-Mundarten_Graub%C3%BCnden.png" decoding="async" width="270" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Mundarten_Graub%C3%BCnden.png/405px-Mundarten_Graub%C3%BCnden.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Mundarten_Graub%C3%BCnden.png/540px-Mundarten_Graub%C3%BCnden.png 2x" data-file-width="5240" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption>Repartiziun dals idioms rumantschs en il Grischun:<br /> <table> <tbody><tr> <td><div style="background-color:#ED1C24;width:15px;height:15px;float:left;"></div> <a href="/wiki/Sursilvan" title="Sursilvan">Sursilvan</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><div style="background-color:#FF8080;width:15px;height:15px;float:left;"></div> <a href="/wiki/Tuatschin" title="Tuatschin">Tuatschin</a> e <a href="/wiki/Medelin" title="Medelin">medelin</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="background-color:#800040;width:15px;height:15px;float:left;"></div> <a href="/wiki/Sutsilvan" title="Sutsilvan">Sutsilvan</a> </td> <td><div style="background-color:#8000FF;width:15px;height:15px;float:left;"></div> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Surmiran</a> </td> <td>(<a href="/wiki/Bargunsegner" title="Bargunsegner">Bargunsegner</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="background-color:#0000FF;width:15px;height:15px;float:left;"></div> <a href="/wiki/Vallader" title="Vallader">Vallader</a> </td> <td><div style="background-color:#000064;width:15px;height:15px;float:left;"></div> <a href="/wiki/Jauer" title="Jauer">Jauer</a> </td> <td><div style="background-color:#0080FF;width:15px;height:15px;float:left;"></div> <a href="/wiki/Puter" title="Puter">Puter</a> </td></tr></tbody></table></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Surmiran</b> (<a href="/wiki/Puter" title="Puter">puter</a>: <i>surmiraun</i>) è in dals idioms <a href="/wiki/Rumantsch" class="mw-redirect" title="Rumantsch">rumantschs</a>; el vegn discurrì en il Grischun Central, numnadamain en il <a href="/wiki/Surmeir" title="Surmeir">Surmeir</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Territori_linguistic">Territori linguistic</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surmiran&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifitgar secziun: Territori linguistic" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifitgar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surmiran&action=edit&section=1" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Territori linguistic"><span>modifitgar il code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L’intschess surmiran cumpiglia la vallada dal flum <a href="/wiki/Gelgia" title="Gelgia">Gelgia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Surses" title="Surses">Surses</a>) e las parts rumantschas da la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Val_d%E2%80%99Alvra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Val d’Alvra (n'exista betg)">Val d’Alvra</a> (Sotses). La situaziun dialectala correspunda e quella geografica ed uschia differenzieschan ins tranter ils <i>dialects da Surses</i> ed il <i>dialects da Sotses</i>. Dialects particulars, ch’èn dentant fermamain periclitads, vegnan discurrids a <a href="/wiki/Bravuogn" title="Bravuogn">Bravuogn</a> ed a <a href="/wiki/Beiva" title="Beiva">Beiva</a>. Il <a href="/wiki/Bargunsegner" title="Bargunsegner">bargunsegner</a> (rumantsch da Bravuogn) demussa dasper sias atgnas caracteristicas er elements dal <a href="/wiki/Puter" title="Puter">puter</a>, damai che Bravuogn è vegnì refurmà davent da l’Engiadin’Ota ed ha introducì il puter sco lingua uffiziala e d’alfabetisaziun. Ina situaziun cumparegliabla hai er dà en il passà en la vischnanca limitrofa <a href="/wiki/Filisur" title="Filisur">Filisur</a> (Filisour) ch’è daditg germanisada. Il <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bivian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bivian (n'exista betg)">bivian</a> (rumantsch da Beiva) è influenzà dal <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dialect_bregagliot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dialect bregagliot (n'exista betg)">dialect bregagliot</a> (bargajot) da la <a href="/wiki/Val_Bregaglia" title="Val Bregaglia">Val Bregaglia</a> e dat perditga da l’istorgia linguistica multifara da la vischnanca «agl pè da <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pass_dal_Set&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pass dal Set (n'exista betg)">Set</a> e <a href="/wiki/Pass_dal_G%C3%BCglia" title="Pass dal Güglia">Gelgia</a>». Er il dialect da <a href="/wiki/Murmarera" title="Murmarera">Murmarera</a>, ch’è sin il precint da svanir, preschenta tratgs communabels cun il puter ed il bregagliot. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Caracteristicas">Caracteristicas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surmiran&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifitgar secziun: Caracteristicas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifitgar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surmiran&action=edit&section=2" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Caracteristicas"><span>modifitgar il code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En il Surmeir existan dialects locals fitg exprimids che sa differenzieschan per part vaira ferm da la lingua da scrittira surmirana. Sco lingua scritta vegn duvrà tenor definiziun il dialect local da Stierva. </p><p>Ils dialects en la Val d’Alvra èn segnads d’ina gronda ritgezza da diftongs. En il Surses ed a Bravuogn fruntan ins sin il fenomen da l’endirida dals diftongs (<i>louf</i> daventa <i>locf</i>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Retratga_da_la_lingua">Retratga da la lingua</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surmiran&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifitgar secziun: Retratga da la lingua" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifitgar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surmiran&action=edit&section=3" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Retratga da la lingua"><span>modifitgar il code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sco tut ils auters idioms è er il surmiran segnà d’ina ferma retratga. Durant la segunda mesadad dal 20avel tschientaner ha gì lieu en il Grischun Central (surtut en la Val d’Alvra) ina ferma germanisaziun. En tschertas vischnancas da la Val d’Alvra è la lingua rumantscha vegnida stgatschada quasi cumplettamain tras la lingua tudestga. </p><p>Tenor la dumbraziun dal pievel da l’onn 2000 discurran en il Grischun Central radund 2200 persunas surmiran. Quai correspunda – applitgà sin il dumber d’abitants da tut ils abitadis che discurrivan antruras rumantsch – ad ina cumpart da radund 28 %. Entant che singuls abitadis en la Val d’Alvra enconuschan cumparts da be pli 10 % (p.ex. Vaz/Obervaz e Bergün/Bravuogn), discurran en singuls abitadis dal Surses dapli che 70 % rumantsch (p.ex. a Salouf e Sur). Da menziunar è però che questa cifra cumpiglia be la lingua che vegn discurrida il pli savens en il mintgadi; er bleras persunas ch’han inditgà il tudestg sco lingua principala disponan da bunas enconuschientschas dal rumantsch u d’ina chapientscha da la lingua almain passiva. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Medias">Medias</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surmiran&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifitgar secziun: Medias" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifitgar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surmiran&action=edit&section=4" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Medias"><span>modifitgar il code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En surmiran cumpara la gasetta regiunala ‹La Pagina da Surmeir›. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prova_da_text">Prova da text</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surmiran&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifitgar secziun: Prova da text" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifitgar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surmiran&action=edit&section=5" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Prova da text"><span>modifitgar il code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table border="0" cellspacing="5"> <tbody><tr> <th>Surmiran </th> <th>Rumantsch Grischun </th> <th>Deutsch </th></tr> <tr> <td>La golp era puspe eneda famantada. Cò ò ella via sen en pegn en corv tgi tigniva en toc caschiel an sies pecal. Chegl am gustess, ò ella panso, ed ò clamo agl corv: «Tge bel tgi te ist! Schi ties cant è schi bel scu tia parentscha, alloura ist te igl pi bel utschel da tots.»<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>La vulp era puspè ina giada fomentada. Qua ha ella vis sin in pign in corv che tegneva in toc chaschiel en ses pichel. Quai ma gustass, ha ella pensà, ed ha clamà al corv: «Tge bel che ti es! Sche tes chant è uschè bel sco tia parita, lura es ti il pli bel utschè da tuts.» </td> <td>Der Fuchs war wieder einmal hungrig. Da sah er auf einer Tanne einen Raben, der ein Stück Käse in seinem Schnabel hielt. Das würde mir schmecken, dachte er, und rief dem Raben zu: «Wie schön du bist! Wenn dein Gesang ebenso schön ist wie dein Aussehen, dann bist du der schönste von allen Vögeln.» </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Annotaziuns">Annotaziuns</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surmiran&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifitgar secziun: Annotaziuns" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifitgar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surmiran&action=edit&section=6" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Annotaziuns"><span>modifitgar il code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Tenor: Lia Rumantscha (ed.): <i>Rumantsch – Facts & Figures.</i> 2. ediziun actualisada, Cuira 2004, <a href="/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-Suche/3039000330" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-03900-033-0</a>, p. 31.</span> </li> </ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Colliaziuns">Colliaziuns</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surmiran&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifitgar secziun: Colliaziuns" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifitgar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surmiran&action=edit&section=7" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Colliaziuns"><span>modifitgar il code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pledarigrond.ch/surmiran/">Vocabulari surmiran</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.e-lir.ch/e-LIR___Lexicon.2843.450.0.html">Surmiran</a> en il <a href="/wiki/Lexicon_istoric_retic" title="Lexicon istoric retic">Lexicon istoric retic</a></li></ul> <table class="navbox" cellspacing="0" style=";"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";background:#b0c4de;" colspan="2" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks navbar" style="background:none; padding:0; font-weight:normal;;background:#b0c4de;;border:none;; font-size:xx-small;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Model:Navigaziun_Linguas_retoromanas" title="Model:Navigaziun Linguas retoromanas"><img alt="Vegeu aquesta plantilla" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/20px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/30px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/40px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div></div><span class="" style="font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Linguas_retoromanas" title="Linguas retoromanas">Linguas, idioms e dialects retoromans</a></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style=";" colspan="2">Glista da las linguas retoromanas e lur idioms resp. gruppas dialectalas principalas per variantas senza idioms.</td></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="width:100%;padding:0px;background:#D7E1EE;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <b><a href="/wiki/Rumantsch_dal_Grischun" title="Rumantsch dal Grischun">Rumantsch dal Grischun</a> (u <i>ladin occidental</i>)</b></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";text-align:left; background:#b0c4de;;">Renan</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;background:#D7E1EE;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Sursilvan" title="Sursilvan">sursilvan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Medelin" title="Medelin">medelin</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tuatschin" title="Tuatschin">tuatschin</a>) · central: <a href="/wiki/Sutsilvan" title="Sutsilvan">sutsilvan</a> · <a class="mw-selflink selflink">surmiran</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bargunsegner" title="Bargunsegner">bargunsegner</a>)</div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";text-align:left; background:#b0c4de;;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ladin_(rumantsch)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ladin (rumantsch) (n'exista betg)">Ladin</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;background:#D7E1EE;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Vallader" title="Vallader">vallader</a> · <a href="/wiki/Jauer" title="Jauer">jauer</a> · <a href="/wiki/Puter" title="Puter">puter</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="width:100%;padding:0px;background:#D7E1EE;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <b><a href="/wiki/Lingua_ladina" title="Lingua ladina">Ladin da las Dolomitas</a> (u <i>ladin central</i>)</b></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";text-align:left; background:#b0c4de;;">Brixino-tirolais</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;background:#D7E1EE;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Badiot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Badiot (n'exista betg)">badiot e marou</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gardenes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gardenes (n'exista betg)">gardenes</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fassan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fassan (n'exista betg)">fassan</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fodom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fodom (n'exista betg)">fodom</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ampezzan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ampezzan (n'exista betg)">ampezzan</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ladin_da_la_Rocia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ladin da la Rocia (n'exista betg)">ladin da la Rocia</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";text-align:left; background:#b0c4de;;">da Belluno</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;background:#D7E1EE;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cadorin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cadorin (n'exista betg)">cadorin</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Comelican&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Comelican (n'exista betg)">comelican</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Agordin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agordin (n'exista betg)">agordin</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zoldan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zoldan (n'exista betg)">zoldan</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";text-align:left; background:#b0c4de;;">dal Noce</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;background:#D7E1EE;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nonais&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nonais (n'exista betg)">nonais</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Solander&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Solander (n'exista betg)">solander</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rabies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rabies (n'exista betg)">rabies</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="width:100%;padding:0px;background:#D7E1EE;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <b><a href="/wiki/Lingua_furlana" title="Lingua furlana">Furlan</a> (u <i>ladin oriental</i>)</b></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";text-align:left; background:#b0c4de;;">Dialects vivs</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;background:#D7E1EE;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> central · carnic · occidental · gorizian</div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";text-align:left; background:#b0c4de;;">Dialects morts</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;background:#D7E1EE;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> tergestin · muglisan</div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Da "<a dir="ltr" href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Surmiran&oldid=166570">https://rm.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Surmiran&oldid=166570</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Spezial:Kategorien" title="Spezial:Kategorien">Categorias</a>: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categoria:Seiten,_die_magische_ISBN-Links_verwenden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Categoria:Seiten, die magische ISBN-Links verwenden (n'exista betg)">Seiten, die magische ISBN-Links verwenden</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Surmiran" title="Categoria:Surmiran">Surmiran</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Lingua_rumantscha" title="Categoria:Lingua rumantscha">Lingua rumantscha</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Surmeir" title="Categoria:Surmeir">Surmeir</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Linguas_da_la_Svizra" title="Categoria:Linguas da la Svizra">Linguas da la Svizra</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Artitgels_recumandads_(Lingua_rumantscha)" title="Categoria:Artitgels recumandads (Lingua rumantscha)">Artitgels recumandads (Lingua rumantscha)</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Questa pagina è vegnida modifitgada l'ultima giada ils 22. avust 2024 a las 11:32.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stats.grok.se/rm/latest30/Surmiran">Statistica d'access per questa pagina</a><br /><br /> Text is available under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License</a>; 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