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Disponibil în 40 limbi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-40" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">40 limbi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A5%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="كيمياء إشعاعية – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كيمياء إشعاعية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiokimya" title="Radiokimya – azeră" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Radiokimya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azeră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C" title="رادیوشیمی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="رادیوشیمی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%D1%85%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Радыяхімія – belarusă" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Радыяхімія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Радиохимия – bulgară" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Радиохимия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radioqu%C3%ADmica" title="Radioquímica – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Radioquímica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Радиохими – ciuvașă" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Радиохими" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ciuvașă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiokemi" title="Radiokemi – daneză" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Radiokemi" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiochemie" title="Radiochemie – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Radiochemie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%87%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Ραδιοχημεία – greacă" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ραδιοχημεία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiochemistry" title="Radiochemistry – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Radiochemistry" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio%C4%A5emio" title="Radioĥemio – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Radioĥemio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radioqu%C3%ADmica" title="Radioquímica – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Radioquímica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C" title="رادیوشیمی – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رادیوشیمی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiokemia" title="Radiokemia – finlandeză" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Radiokemia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiochimie" title="Radiochimie – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Radiochimie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radaicheimic" title="Radaicheimic – irlandeză" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Radaicheimic" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%93%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%94" title="רדיוכימיה – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רדיוכימיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B-%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8" title="रेडियो-रसायन – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रेडियो-रसायन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiok%C3%A9mia" title="Radiokémia – maghiară" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Radiokémia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maghiară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8C%D5%A1%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%B8%D6%84%D5%AB%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Ռադիոքիմիա – armeană" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ռադիոքիմիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiokimia" title="Radiokimia – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Radiokimia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiochimica" title="Radiochimica – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Radiochimica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%94%BE%E5%B0%84%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="放射化学 – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="放射化学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Радиохимия – kazahă" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Радиохимия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazahă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%A9%EC%82%AC%ED%99%94%ED%95%99" title="방사화학 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="방사화학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Радиохимия – kârgâză" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Радиохимия" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kârgâză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiochemie" title="Radiochemie – neerlandeză" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Radiochemie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiokjemi" title="Radiokjemi – norvegiană bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Radiokjemi" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegiană bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiochemia" title="Radiochemia – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Radiochemia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radioqu%C3%ADmica" title="Radioquímica – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Radioquímica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Радиохимия – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Радиохимия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A1dioch%C3%A9mia" title="Rádiochémia – slovacă" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Rádiochémia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Радиохемија – sârbă" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Радиохемија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sârbă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiokemi" title="Radiokemi – suedeză" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Radiokemi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radyokimya" title="Radyokimya – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Radyokimya" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%BE%D1%85%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Радіохімія – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Радіохімія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiokimyo" title="Radiokimyo – uzbecă" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Radiokimyo" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbecă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%94%BE%E5%B0%84%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="放射化学 – chineză" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="放射化学" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%94%BE%E5%B0%84%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" title="放射化學 – cantoneză" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="放射化學" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q750955#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifică legăturile interlinguale" class="wbc-editpage">Modifică legăturile</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div 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href="/wiki/Special:Ce_se_leag%C4%83_aici/Radiochimie" title="Lista tuturor paginilor wiki care conduc spre această pagină [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Ce trimite aici</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Modific%C4%83ri_corelate/Radiochimie" rel="nofollow" title="Schimbări recente în legătură cu această pagină [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Schimbări corelate</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Trimite_fi%C8%99ier" title="Încărcare fișiere [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Trimite fișier</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Pagini_speciale" title="Lista tuturor paginilor speciale [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pagini speciale</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Radiochimie&oldid=15548339" title="Legătură permanentă către această versiune a acestei pagini"><span>Legătură permanentă</span></a></li><li id="t-info" 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class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Carte&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Radiochimie"><span>Creare carte</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Radiochimie&action=show-download-screen"><span>Descărcare ca PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Radiochimie&printable=yes" title="Versiunea de tipărit a acestei pagini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versiune de tipărit</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> În alte proiecte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q750955" title="Legătură către elementul asociat din depozitul de date [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspect"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspect</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mută în bara laterală</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ascunde</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Wikipedia, enciclopedia liberă</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ro" dir="ltr"><p><b>Radiochimia</b> este o ramură a chimiei care se ocupă cu studiul <a href="/wiki/Radioactivitate" title="Radioactivitate">radioactivității</a> (atât <a href="/w/index.php?title=Radioactivitate_natural%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Radioactivitate naturală — pagină inexistentă">naturale</a> cât și <a href="/w/index.php?title=Radioactivitate_artificial%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Radioactivitate artificială — pagină inexistentă">artificiale</a>) și utilizarea <a href="/wiki/Radioizotop" title="Radioizotop">radioizotopilor</a> în studiul proceselor chimice.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Radiochimia include activități precum:<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ol><li>metode radiochimice de analiză</li> <li>aplicații ale radionuclizilor în discipline din afara ariei chimiei (de exemplu, medicina)</li> <li>chimia (în directă relație cu fizica) <a href="/wiki/Radioizotop" title="Radioizotop">radioizotopilor</a></li> <li>chimia materialelor puternic radioactive</li> <li>metode de marcare izotopică</li></ol> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Relații_cu_alte_discipline"><span id="Rela.C8.9Bii_cu_alte_discipline"></span>Relații cu alte discipline</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Radiochimie&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifică secțiunea: Relații cu alte discipline" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Radiochimie&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Relații cu alte discipline"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Radiochimia este strâns legată de <a href="/wiki/Chimie_nuclear%C4%83" title="Chimie nucleară">chimia nucleară</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> care se referă la: (a) studiul proprietăților elementelor de la sfârșitul sistemului periodic (pentru care detectarea radiațiilor nucleare este esențială), (b) studiul chimic al <a href="/w/index.php?title=Propriet%C4%83%C8%9Bi_nucleare&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proprietăți nucleare — pagină inexistentă">proprietăților nucleare</a> (precum structura <a href="/wiki/Nucleu_atomic" title="Nucleu atomic">nucleului atomic</a>, reacțiile nucleare și <a href="/wiki/Dezintegrare_radioactiv%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Dezintegrare radioactivă">dezintegrările radioactive</a>, (c) studiul chimic al fenomenelor macroscopice în care sunt implicate procese nucleare (de exemplu, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Radiocronologia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Radiocronologia — pagină inexistentă">radiocronologia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Astrofizic%C4%83" title="Astrofizică">astrofizica</a> etc.) și (d) aplicarea tehnicilor de analiză bazate pe fenomene nucleare (precum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Analiza_prin_activare&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Analiza prin activare — pagină inexistentă">analiza prin activare</a> sau utilizarea trasorilor radioactivi) în studiul problemelor științifice dintr-o varietate de domenii științifice sau tehnice. </p><p>Radiochimia și chimia nucleară nu trebuiesc confundate cu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chimia_radiativ%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chimia radiativă — pagină inexistentă">chimia radiativă</a> (chimia radiațiilor), domeniu care se ocupă cu studiul efectelor chimice induse de către radiațiile ionizante. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aplicații"><span id="Aplica.C8.9Bii"></span>Aplicații</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Radiochimie&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifică secțiunea: Aplicații" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Radiochimie&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Aplicații"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>După descoperirea fenomenului de <a href="/wiki/Radioactivitate" title="Radioactivitate">radioactivitate</a> (1896), aplicațiile practice ale acestuia s-au dezvoltat rapid.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Astfel, de mare notorietate este utilizarea <a href="/wiki/Fisiune_nuclear%C4%83" title="Fisiune nucleară">fisiunii nucleare</a> în <a href="/wiki/Reactor_nuclear" title="Reactor nuclear">reactori nucleari energetici</a>, respectiv <a href="/wiki/Arm%C4%83_nuclear%C4%83" title="Armă nucleară">bombe atomice</a>. Alături de aceste aplicații industriale sau militare, studiul radioactivității naturale sau induse (artificiale) și-a găsit aplicații practice în <a href="/wiki/Arheologie" title="Arheologie">arheologie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Biologie" title="Biologie">biologie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chimie" title="Chimie">chimie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cosmologie" title="Cosmologie">cosmologie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dozimetria_radia%C8%9Biilor" title="Dozimetria radiațiilor">dozimetria radiațiilor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ecologie" title="Ecologie">ecologie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geologie" title="Geologie">geologie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Istorie" title="Istorie">istorie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fizic%C4%83" title="Fizică">fizică</a>, <a href="/wiki/Medicin%C4%83" title="Medicină">medicină</a>, diferite ramuri industriale etc. Din păcate, <a href="/wiki/Test_nuclear" title="Test nuclear">testele</a> și <a href="/wiki/Accident_nuclear" title="Accident nuclear">accidentele nucleare</a> au indus publicului larg frica de <a href="/wiki/Radioactivitate" title="Radioactivitate">radioactivitate</a> (<a href="/wiki/Radiofobie" title="Radiofobie">radiofobie</a>), atât în absența cunoștințelor solide de <a href="/wiki/Radioprotec%C8%9Bie" title="Radioprotecție">radioprotecție</a>, cât și din cauza dificultății de a stăpâni total complexitatea fenomenologică și tehnologică asociată <a href="/wiki/Fisiune_nuclear%C4%83" title="Fisiune nucleară">fisiunii</a> și <a href="/wiki/Fuziune_nuclear%C4%83" title="Fuziune nucleară">fuziunii nucleare</a>. </p><p>În prezent, în majoritatea statelor lumii există un control strict asupra producerii, deținerii și utilizării substanțelor radioactive (surse de radiații) și a generatorilor de radiații. România este parte a convențiilor internaționale referitoare la utilizarea pașnică a surselor de radiații, neproliferarea <a href="/wiki/Arm%C4%83_nuclear%C4%83" title="Armă nucleară">armamentului nuclear</a>, monitorizarea dozimetrică a personalului expus profesional, eliberarea surselor de radiații în mediul înconjurător etc. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Istoric">Istoric</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Radiochimie&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifică secțiunea: Istoric" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Radiochimie&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Istoric"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Radioactivitatea naturală a fost descoperită în 1896 de <a href="/wiki/Henri_Becquerel" class="mw-redirect" title="Henri Becquerel">Henri Becquerel</a>, pe când studia <a href="/wiki/Luminescen%C8%9B%C4%83" title="Luminescență">luminescența</a> unor săruri ale <a href="/wiki/Uraniu" title="Uraniu">uraniului</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>În <a href="/wiki/1898" title="1898">1898</a>, soții <a href="/wiki/Marie_Curie" title="Marie Curie">Marie</a> și <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Curie" title="Pierre Curie">Pierre Curie</a> au descoperit <a href="/wiki/Poloniu" title="Poloniu">poloniul</a> și <a href="/wiki/Radiu" title="Radiu">radiul</a>, două elemente cu radioactivitate mult superioară celei a uraniului. </p><p><a href="/wiki/James_Chadwick" title="James Chadwick">James Chadwick</a> confirmă în 1932 existența <a href="/wiki/Neutron" title="Neutron">neutronilor</a>. </p><p>Radioactivitatea artificială a fost descoperită de soții <a href="/wiki/Ir%C3%A8ne_Joliot-Curie" title="Irène Joliot-Curie">Irène</a> și <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Joliot-Curie" title="Frédéric Joliot-Curie">Frédéric Joliot-Curie</a> în 1934. </p><p>Legile generale ale dezintegrărilor radioactive au fost elaborate de către <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Rutherford" title="Ernest Rutherford">Ernest Rutherford</a> și <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy">Frederick Soddy</a> în 1903. </p><p>Rezultatele bombardării uraniului cu neutroni s-au dovedit a fi interesante și enigmatice. Studiate prima dată de <a href="/wiki/Enrico_Fermi" title="Enrico Fermi">Enrico Fermi</a> și colegii lui în 1934, rezultatele experimentale au fost interpretate corect abia după câțiva ani. În 1939, <a href="/wiki/Otto_Hahn" title="Otto Hahn">Otto Hahn</a> și <a href="/wiki/Fritz_Strassmann" title="Fritz Strassmann">Fritz Strassmann</a> publică în <i>Naturwissenschaften</i> o lucrare care a demonstrat că bariul apare în urma bombardării uraniului cu neutroni, demonstrând astfel fisiunea nucleară.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Fermi" title="Enrico Fermi">Enrico Fermi</a> și <a href="/wiki/Le%C3%B3_Szil%C3%A1rd" title="Leó Szilárd">Leó Szilárd</a>, ambii de la <a href="/wiki/Universitatea_din_Chicago" title="Universitatea din Chicago">Universitatea din Chicago,</a> au construit un <a href="/wiki/Reactor_nuclear" title="Reactor nuclear">reactor nuclear</a> operabil în regim controlat (1942). Primul reactor nuclear din SUA a fost utilizat pentru a produce plutoniu pentru <a href="/wiki/Arma_nuclear%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Arma nucleară">arma nucleară</a>. În 1945, SUA au folosit <a href="/wiki/Arm%C4%83_nuclear%C4%83" title="Armă nucleară">bomba nucleară</a> asupra orașelor japoneze <a href="/wiki/Hiroshima" title="Hiroshima">Hiroshima</a> și <a href="/wiki/Nagasaki" title="Nagasaki">Nagasaki</a>, evenimente care au dus la capitularea Japoniei în cel de-<a href="/wiki/Al_doilea_r%C4%83zboi_mondial" class="mw-redirect" title="Al doilea război mondial">al doilea Război Mondial</a>. Alți reactori au fost folosite în propulsia navală (<a href="/wiki/Submarin" title="Submarin">submarine</a>, nave militare). În prezent, circa 20% din necesar de energie mondială este asigurat de către reactori de fisiune comerciali. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referințe"><span id="Referin.C8.9Be"></span>Referințe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Radiochimie&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifică secțiunea: Referințe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Radiochimie&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Referințe"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Marcu, Gheorghe (<time datetime="1997">1997</time>). <i>Introducere în radiochimie</i>. Editura Tehnică, București.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Introducere+%C3%AEn+radiochimie&rft.pub=Editura+Tehnic%C4%83%2C+Bucure%C8%99ti&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=Marcu&rft.aufirst=Gheorghe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ARadiochimie" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16236537">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"„""”""«""»"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Loveland, Walter D. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/bk-2004-0868.ch003">„Basic Principles of Radiochemistry (cap. 3, pp. 22-37), in Radioanalytical Methods in Interdisciplinary Research, ACS Symposium Series, Vol. 868, 2003”</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2018-09-21">21 septembrie 2018</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Basic+Principles+of+Radiochemistry+%28cap.+3%2C+pp.+22-37%29%2C+in+Radioanalytical+Methods+in+Interdisciplinary+Research%2C+ACS+Symposium+Series%2C+Vol.+868%2C+2003&rft.au=Loveland%2C+Walter+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpubs.acs.org%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1021%2Fbk-2004-0868.ch003&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ARadiochimie" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Cecal, Alexandru (<time datetime="1987">1987</time>). <i>Aspecte chimice ale energeticii nucleare</i>. Ed. Tehnică, București.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Aspecte+chimice+ale+energeticii+nucleare&rft.pub=Ed.+Tehnic%C4%83%2C+Bucure%C8%99ti&rft.date=1987&rft.aulast=Cecal&rft.aufirst=Alexandru&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ARadiochimie" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rpss.inoe.ro/articles/ciclul-combustibilului-nuclear-rolul-educatiei-in-viitorul-energeticii-nucleare">„Ciclul combustibilului nuclear: rolul educației în viitorul energeticii nucleare”</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2018-09-22">22 septembrie 2018</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ciclul+combustibilului+nuclear%3A+rolul+educa%C8%9Biei+%C3%AEn+viitorul+energeticii+nucleare&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frpss.inoe.ro%2Farticles%2Fciclul-combustibilului-nuclear-rolul-educatiei-in-viitorul-energeticii-nucleare&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ARadiochimie" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">L’Anunziata, Michael F. (<time datetime="2007">2007</time>). <i>Radioactivity: Introduction and History</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Radioactivity%3A+Introduction+and+History&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=L%E2%80%99Anunziata&rft.aufirst=Michael+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ARadiochimie" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Cecal, Alexandru (<time datetime="2013">2013</time>). <i>Energia nucleară la 75 de ani</i>. Matrix Rom, București.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Energia+nuclear%C4%83+la+75+de+ani&rft.pub=Matrix+Rom%2C+Bucure%C8%99ti&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Cecal&rft.aufirst=Alexandru&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ARadiochimie" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rpss.inoe.ro/articles/131/file">„Recenzie „Energia nucleară la 75 de ani<span style="padding-right:0.2em;">"</span>”</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2018-09-22">22 septembrie 2018</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Recenzie+%E2%80%9EEnergia+nuclear%C4%83+la+75+de+ani%E2%80%9D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frpss.inoe.ro%2Farticles%2F131%2Ffile&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ARadiochimie" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> </ol></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Control_de_autoritate" title="Ajutor:Control de autoritate">Control de autoritate</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119783331">cb119783331</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119783331">(data)</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Authority_File" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrated Authority File">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4138529-9">4138529-9</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85110675">sh85110675</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Diet_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="National Diet Library">NDL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00563510">00563510</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_the_Czech_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of the Czech Republic">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph116010&CON_LNG=ENG">ph116010</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Control_de_autoritate" title="Ajutor:Control de autoritate"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr.svg/40px-OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <table class="navbox" cellspacing="0" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding:2px;"> <table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"> <tbody><tr> <th style=";" colspan="2" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000); white-space:nowrap; ;"><span style=";;border:none;"><a href="/wiki/Format:Ramurile_chimiei" title="Format:Ramurile chimiei"><span title="Vizualizare format" style=";;border:none;;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Discu%C8%9Bie_Format:Ramurile_chimiei" title="Discuție Format:Ramurile chimiei"><span title="Discuție format" style=";;border:none;;">d</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Format:Ramurile_chimiei&action=edit"><span title="Acest format se poate modifica. Folosiți butonul de previzualizare înainte de a salva." style=";;border:none;;">m</span></a></span></div></div><span class="" style="font-size: 110%;">Ramurile <a href="/wiki/Chimie" title="Chimie">chimiei</a></span> </th></tr> <tr style="height:2px;"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Chimie_fizic%C4%83" title="Chimie fizică">Fizice</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Chimie_coloidal%C4%83" title="Chimie coloidală">Chimie coloidală</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Chimie_cuantic%C4%83" title="Chimie cuantică">Chimie cuantică</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Chimie_fizic%C4%83" title="Chimie fizică">Chimie fizică</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Chimie_nuclear%C4%83" title="Chimie nucleară">Chimie nucleară</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Chimia_st%C4%83rii_solide" title="Chimia stării solide">Chimia stării solide</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Cinetic%C4%83_chimic%C4%83" title="Cinetică chimică">Cinetică chimică</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Cristalochimie" title="Cristalochimie">Cristalochimie</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Electrochimie" title="Electrochimie">Electrochimie</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Femtochimie" title="Femtochimie">Femtochimie</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Fotochimie" title="Fotochimie">Fotochimie</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Magnetochimie" title="Magnetochimie">Magnetochimie</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Radiochimie</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Sonochimie" title="Sonochimie">Sonochimie</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Spectroscopie" title="Spectroscopie">Spectroscopie</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Stereochimie" title="Stereochimie">Stereochimie</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%C8%98tiin%C8%9Ba_suprafe%C8%9Belor" title="Știința suprafețelor">Știința suprafețelor</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Termochimie" title="Termochimie">Termochimie</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Termodinamic%C4%83_chimic%C4%83" title="Termodinamică chimică">Termodinamică chimică</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Chimie_organic%C4%83" title="Chimie organică">Organice</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Biochimie" title="Biochimie">Biochimie</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Biogeochimie" title="Biogeochimie">Biogeochimie</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Biologie_chimic%C4%83" title="Biologie chimică">Biologie chimică</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Chimie_bioorganic%C4%83" title="Chimie bioorganică">Chimie bioorganică</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Chimie_biofizic%C4%83" title="Chimie biofizică">Chimie biofizică</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Chimie_clinic%C4%83" title="Chimie clinică">Chimie clinică</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Chimie_farmaceutic%C4%83" title="Chimie farmaceutică">Chimie farmaceutică</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chimia_fulerenelor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chimia fulerenelor — pagină inexistentă">Chimia fulerenelor</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Chimie_medical%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Chimie medicală">Chimie medicală</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Chimie_organic%C4%83" title="Chimie organică">Chimie organică</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Chimie_fizic%C4%83" title="Chimie fizică">Chimie organică fizică</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Chimia_polimerilor" title="Chimia polimerilor">Chimia polimerilor</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Farmacie" title="Farmacie">Farmacie</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Fitochimie" title="Fitochimie">Fitochimie</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Neurochimie" title="Neurochimie">Neurochimie</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Petrochimie" title="Petrochimie">Petrochimie</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Chimie_anorganic%C4%83" title="Chimie anorganică">Anorganice</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chimia_agregatelor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chimia agregatelor — pagină inexistentă">Chimia agregatelor</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Chimie_anorganic%C4%83" title="Chimie anorganică">Chimie anorganică</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Chimie_bioanorganic%C4%83" title="Chimie bioanorganică">Chimie bioanorganică</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Chimie_organometalic%C4%83" title="Chimie organometalică">Chimie organometalică</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%C8%98tiin%C8%9Ba_materialelor" title="Știința materialelor">Știința materialelor</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Geochimie" title="Geochimie">Geochimie</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Altele </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Astrochimie" title="Astrochimie">Astrochimie</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Chimia_actinidelor" title="Chimia actinidelor">Chimia actinidelor</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Chimie_alimentar%C4%83" title="Chimie alimentară">Chimie alimentară</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Chimie_ambiental%C4%83" title="Chimie ambientală">Chimie ambientală</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Chimie_analitic%C4%83" title="Chimie analitică">Chimie analitică</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Chimie_atmosferic%C4%83" title="Chimie atmosferică">Chimie atmosferică</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Chimie_computa%C8%9Bional%C4%83" title="Chimie computațională">Chimie computațională</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Chimie_ecologic%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Chimie ecologică">Chimie ecologică</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Chimie_general%C4%83" title="Chimie generală">Chimie generală</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Chimie_supramolecular%C4%83" title="Chimie supramoleculară">Chimie supramoleculară</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Chimie_teoretic%C4%83" title="Chimie teoretică">Chimie teoretică</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Chimie_verde" title="Chimie verde">Chimie verde</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Chemoinformatic%C4%83" title="Chemoinformatică">Chemoinformatică</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Chemometrie" title="Chemometrie">Chemometrie</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Cosmochimie" title="Cosmochimie">Cosmochimie</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Educa%C8%9Bie_chimic%C4%83" title="Educație chimică">Educație chimică</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Imunochimie" title="Imunochimie">Imunochimie</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Inginerie_chimic%C4%83" title="Inginerie chimică">Inginerie chimică</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Chimie_matematic%C4%83" title="Chimie matematică">Chimie matematică</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Sintez%C4%83_chimic%C4%83" title="Sinteză chimică">Sinteză chimică</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sintez%C4%83_organic%C4%83" title="Sinteză organică">Sinteză organică</a>)  <span 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