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<!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8" > <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="static/css/www_1768595241320433331.css" > <title>Units of Heat - BTU, Calorie and Joule</title> <script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context":"https://schema.org", "@type":"Article", "headline":"Units of Heat - BTU, Calorie and Joule", "abstract":"The most common units of heat BTU - British Thermal Unit, Calorie and Joule.", "url":"https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/heat-units-d_664.html", "datePublished":"2004-03-10T04:25:03Z", "dateModified":"2024-04-04T06:35:09Z", "author":[{ "@type":"Person", "name":"Editor Engineeringtoolbox", "url": "https://engineeringtoolbox.com" }] } </script> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com" > <link rel="preconnect" href="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com" > <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fundingchoicesmessages.google.com" > <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://cse.google.com" > <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://www.googletagmanager.com" > <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net" > <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://clients1.google.com" > <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com" > <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.2.1/jquery.min.js"> </script> <meta name="robots" content="index,follow" > <meta name="apple-touch-fullscreen" content="YES" > <meta name="viewport" content="user-scalable=yes, width=device-width, initial-scale=1" > <meta name="keywords" content="heat units btu calorie joule" > <meta name="description" content="The most common units of heat BTU - 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Resources, Tools and Basic Information for Engineering and Design of Technical Applications!</p> <div id="adVideo" class="noPrint"> <div>  <div id="adngin-video-0"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="center"> <div id="gooSearch"> <script async src="https://cse.google.com/cse.js?cx=6a091aba9f3e1fba3"></script> <div class="gcse-searchbox-only"></div> </div> <div id="content"> <div> <h1> <a href="heat-units-d_664.html"> Units of Heat - BTU, Calorie and Joule </a> </h1> <h2> The most common units of heat BTU - British Thermal Unit, Calorie and Joule. </h2> <div id="adSlotDoc1" class="noPrint"> <div>  <div id="adngin-doc1-0"></div> </div> </div> <div> <p>The most common units for heat are</p> <ul> <li><i>BTU (Btu) - British Thermal Unit - also known as a "heat unit" in United States<br ></i></li> <li><i>Calorie</i></li> <li><i>Joule</i></li> </ul> <h3>BTU - British Thermal Unit</h3> <p>The unit of heat in the imperial system - the <i>BTU</i> - is</p> <ul> <li>the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one pound of water through <i>1<sup>o</sup>F (58.5<sup>o</sup>F - 59.5<sup>o</sup>F) </i>at sea level <i>(30 inches of mercury).</i></li> <li><i>1 Btu (British thermal unit) = 1055.06 J = 107.6 kpm = 2.931 10<sup>-4</sup> kWh = 0.252 kcal = 778.16 ft.lbf = 1.05510<sup>10</sup> ergs = 252 cal = 0.293 watt-hours</i></li> </ul> <p>An item using one kilowatt-hour of electricity generates <i>3412 Btu</i>.</p> <ul> <li>one hundred thousand <em>(10<sup>5</sup>)</em> Btu are called a therm</li> </ul> <div id="adInContent1" class="noPrint"> <div>  <div id="adngin-incontent1-0"></div> </div> </div> <h3>Calorie</h3> <p>A calorie is commonly defined as</p> <ul> <li>the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of water <i>1 <sup>o</sup>C</i></li> <li>the kilogram calorie, large calorie, food calorie, Calorie (capital C) or just calorie (lowercase c) is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree Celsius</li> <li><em>1 calorie (cal) = 1/860 international watthour (Wh)</em></li> <li><i>1 kcal = 4186.8 J = 426.9 kp m = 1.163 10<sup>-3</sup> kWh = 3.088 ft lb<sub>f</sub> = 3.9683 Btu = 1000 cal</i></li> </ul> <p>Be aware that alternative definitions exists - in short: </p> <ul> <li>Thermochemical calorie  </li> <li>4 °C calorie</li> <li>15 °C calorie</li> <li>20 °C calorie</li> <li>Mean calorie</li> <li>International Steam Table calorie (1929)</li> <li>International Steam Table calorie (1956)</li> <li>IUNS calorie (Committee on Nomenclature of the International Union of Nutritional Sciences)</li> </ul> <p>The calorie is outdated and commonly replaced by the SI-unit Joule.</p> <h3>Joule</h3> <p>The unit of heat in the SI-system the Joule is</p> <ul> <li>a unit of energy equal to the work done when a force of one newton acts through a distance of one meter</li> <li>4.184 joule of heat energy (or one calorie) is required to raise the temperature of a unit weight <i>(1 g) </i>of water from <i>0<sup>o</sup>C</i> to <i>1<sup>o</sup>C</i>, or from<i> 32<sup>o</sup>F to 33.8<sup>o</sup>F</i></li> <li><i>1 J (Joule) = 0.1020 kpm = 2.778 10<sup>-7</sup> kWh = 2.389 10<sup>-4</sup> kcal = 0.7376 ft.lb<sub>f</sub> = 1 kg.m<sup>2</sup>/s<sup>2</sup> = 1 watt second = 1 Nm = 9.478 10<sup>-4</sup> Btu</i></li> </ul> <ul> <li><a href="unit-converter-d_185.html" title="Unit converter ">Converting between heat and energy units</a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="adSlotDoc2" class="noPrint"> <div>  <div id="adngin-doc2-0"></div> </div> </div> <h2> Related Topics </h2> <ul> <li> <h3> <a href="heating-systems-t_38.html" title="heating systems air conditioning hvac radiator oil central hot water pumps radiant ventilation wood gas exchanger boilers expansion temperature pressure circulation plate solar electric appliances hydronic induction "> Heating Systems </a> </h3> Design of heating systems - 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for="area_unit2_square_miles"> <i>miles<sup>2</sup></i> </label> <br > <input type="radio" name="area_unit2" id="area_unit2_acres" value="acres" > <label for="area_unit2_acres"> <i>acres</i> </label> <br > <input type="button" id="area_calculate2" value="Convert!" > <div id="resultMenuArea"> </div> </blockquote> <br > <blockquote> <label for="volume_value2"> <a href="volume-units-converter-d_1034.html"> Volume </a> </label> <input type="number" id="volume_value2" value="1.0" > <input type="radio" name="volume_unit2" id="volume_unit2_cubic_meters" value="cubic_meters" checked="checked" > <label for="volume_unit2_cubic_meters"> <i>m<sup>3</sup></i> </label> <br > <input type="radio" name="volume_unit2" id="volume_unit2_liters" value="liters" > <label for="volume_unit2_liters"> <i>liters</i> </label> <br > <input type="radio" name="volume_unit2" id="volume_unit2_cubic_inches" value="cubic_inches" > <label for="volume_unit2_cubic_inches"> <i>in<sup>3</sup></i> </label> <br > <input type="radio" name="volume_unit2" id="volume_unit2_cubic_feet" value="cubic_feet" > <label for="volume_unit2_cubic_feet"> <i>ft<sup>3</sup></i> </label> <br > <input type="radio" name="volume_unit2" id="volume_unit2_us_liquid_gallons" value="us_liquid_gallons" > <label for="volume_unit2_us_liquid_gallons"> <i>us gal</i> </label> <br > <input type="button" id="volume_calculate2" value="Convert!" > <div id="resultMenuVolume"> </div> </blockquote> <br > <blockquote> <label for="weight_value2"> <a href="mass-weight-d_589.html"> Weight </a> </label> <input type="number" id="weight_value2" value="1.0" > <input type="radio" name="weight_unit2" id="weight_unit2_kgf" value="kgf" checked="checked" > <label for="weight_unit2_kgf"> <i>kg<sub>f</sub></i> </label> <br > <input type="radio" name="weight_unit2" id="weight_unit2_N" value="N" > <label for="weight_unit2_N"> <i>N</i> </label> <br > <input type="radio" name="weight_unit2" id="weight_unit2_lbf" value="lbf" > <label for="weight_unit2_lbf"> <i>lbf</i> </label> <br > <input type="button" id="weight_calculate2" value="Convert!" > <div id="resultMenuWeight"> </div> </blockquote> <br > <blockquote> <label for="velocity_value2"> <a href="velocity-units-converter-d_1035.html"> Velocity </a> </label> <input type="number" id="velocity_value2" value="1.0" > <input type="radio" name="velocity_unit2" id="velocity_unit2_m_per_s" value="m_per_s" checked="checked" > <label for="velocity_unit2_m_per_s"> <i>m/s</i> </label> <br > <input type="radio" name="velocity_unit2" id="velocity_unit2_km_per_h" value="km_per_h" > <label for="velocity_unit2_km_per_h"> <i>km/h</i> </label> <br > <input type="radio" name="velocity_unit2" id="velocity_unit2_ft_per_min" value="ft_per_min" > <label for="velocity_unit2_ft_per_min"> <i>ft/min</i> </label> <br > <input type="radio" name="velocity_unit2" id="velocity_unit2_ft_per_s" value="ft_per_s" > <label for="velocity_unit2_ft_per_s"> <i>ft/s</i> </label> <br > <input type="radio" name="velocity_unit2" id="velocity_unit2_mph" value="mph" > <label for="velocity_unit2_mph"> <i>mph</i> </label> <br > <input type="radio" name="velocity_unit2" id="velocity_unit2_knots" value="knots" > <label for="velocity_unit2_knots"> <i>knots</i> </label> <br > <input type="button" id="velocity_calculate2" value="Convert!" > <div id="resultMenuVelocity"> </div> </blockquote> <br > <blockquote> <label for="pressure_value2"> <a href="pressure-units-converter-d_569.html"> Pressure </a> </label> <input type="number" id="pressure_value2" value="1.0" > <input type="radio" name="pressure_unit2" id="pressure_unit2_Pa" value="Pa" checked="checked" > <label for="pressure_unit2_Pa"> <i>Pa</i> </label> <br > <input type="radio" name="pressure_unit2" id="pressure_unit2_bar" value="bar" > <label for="pressure_unit2_bar"> <i>bar</i> </label> <br > <input type="radio" name="pressure_unit2" id="pressure_unit2_atmosphere" value="atmosphere" > <label for="pressure_unit2_atmosphere"> <i>atmosphere</i> </label> <br > <input type="radio" name="pressure_unit2" id="pressure_unit2_mmH2O" value="mmH2O" > <label for="pressure_unit2_mmH2O"> <i>mm H<sub>2</sub>O</i> </label> <br > <input type="radio" name="pressure_unit2" id="pressure_unit2_kg_per_cm2" value="kg_per_cm2" > <label for="pressure_unit2_kg_per_cm2"> <i>kg/cm<sup>2</sup></i> </label> <br > <input type="radio" name="pressure_unit2" id="pressure_unit2_psi" value="psi" > <label for="pressure_unit2_psi"> <i>psi</i> </label> <br > <input type="radio" name="pressure_unit2" id="pressure_unit2_inH2O" value="inH2O" > <label for="pressure_unit2_inH2O"> <i>inches H<sub>2</sub>O</i> </label> <br > <input type="button" id="pressure_calculate2" value="Convert!" > <div id="resultMenuPressure"> </div> </blockquote> <br > <blockquote> <label for="flow_value2"> <a href="flow-units-converter-d_405.html"> Flow </a> </label> <input type="number" id="flow_value2" value="1.0" > <input type="radio" name="flow_unit2" id="flow_unit2_cubic_meters_per_second" value="cubic_meters_per_second" checked="checked" > <label for="flow_unit2_cubic_meters_per_second"> <i>m<sup>3</sup>/s</i> </label> <br > <input type="radio" name="flow_unit2" id="flow_unit2_cubic_meters_per_hour" value="cubic_meters_per_hour" > <label for="flow_unit2_cubic_meters_per_hour"> <i>m<sup>3</sup>/h</i> </label> <br > <input type="radio" name="flow_unit2" id="flow_unit2_us_gallons_per_minute" value="us_gallons_per_minute" > <label for="flow_unit2_us_gallons_per_minute"> <i>US gpm</i> </label> <br > <input type="radio" name="flow_unit2" id="flow_unit2_cubic_feet_per_minute" value="cubic_feet_per_minute" > <label for="flow_unit2_cubic_feet_per_minute"> <i>cfm</i> </label> <br > <input type="button" id="flow_calculate2" value="Convert!" > <div id="resultMenuFlow"> </div> </blockquote> </div> <p id="tstamp"> 11.25.10 </p> <div id="adSlotStickyLeft" class="noPrint"> <div>  <div id="adngin-left1-0"></div> </div> </div> <a href="/amp/heat-units-d_664.html" title="amp page"> . </a> 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