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Defenders,Media"/> <meta name="copyright" content="Human Rights Watch"/> <meta name="description" content="（纽约，2011年5月6日）- 人权观察组织今天表示，美国应在下周举行的中美策略经与济对话（US-China Strategic and Economic Dialogue）中的各项领域里谈论人权，表示关注中国政府对异议人士的镇压。"/> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/web/20120610124025cs_/http://www.hrw.org/modules/search/search.css?H"/> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/web/20120610124025cs_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/advagg_css/css_2689e521afbe68ed03c9a26839c4f251_1.css"/>   <script type="text/javascript" src="/web/20120610124025js_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/advagg_js/js_6ca5116fbfa161ecda865b98f63b3a0d_0.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> <![CDATA[//><!]]> </script> <meta name="robots" content="noarchive"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Human Rights Watch - News" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120610124025/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/rss/news"> </head> <body class="hrw not-front 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class="service-links-twitter-widget first"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120610124025/http://twitter.com/share?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fzh-hans%2Fnews%2F2011%2F05%2F06-1&count=horizontal&via=&text=%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%9A%E4%B8%8E%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AF%B9%E8%AF%9D%EF%BC%8C%E4%BA%BA%E6%9D%83%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98%E4%BC%98%E5%85%88%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86&counturl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fzh-hans%2Fnews%2F2011%2F05%2F06-1" class="twitter-share-button service-links-twitter-widget" title="Tweet This" rel="nofollow"><span style="display:none;">Tweet Widget</span></a></li> <li class="service-links-facebook-like last"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120610124025/http://www.facebook.com/plugins/like.php?href=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fzh-hans%2Fnews%2F2011%2F05%2F06-1&layout=button_count&show_faces=false&action=recommend&colorscheme=light&width=150&height=21&font=&locale=" title="I Like it" class="service-links-facebook-like" rel="nofollow"><span style="display:none;">Facebook Like</span></a></li> </ul></div><div class="field field-type-nodereference field-field-related-images"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <div class="view view-nodereference-related-images view-id-nodereference_related_images view-display-id-block_2 view-dom-id-1"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="item-list"> <ul> <li class="views-row views-row-1 views-row-odd views-row-first views-row-last"> <div class="views-field-field-imagefile-fid"> <span class="field-content"></span> </div> <div class="views-field-field-image-caption-value"> <div class="field-content"><p>中国国务院副总理王岐山与美国财政部长蒂莫西•盖特纳（Timothy Geithner）出席2010年北京举行的中美策略经与济对话。</p></div> </div> <div class="views-field-field-copyright-value"> <span class="field-content">© 2010 路透社</span> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fieldgroup group-pullquote"> <div class="content"><div class="field field-type-text field-field-news-pullquote"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> 中国政府会特别留意论及人权的那些美国官员和机构。因此美国政府若要展示其致力于人权，就需全面协调各个政府机构。负责在贸易、金融和国防领域上与中国交流的美国官员，若提出人权话题，必定引起中国政府的注意。 </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field-type-text field-field-news-pullquote-author"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> 索菲•理查森（Sophie Richardson），人权观察亚洲倡导促进事务部主任 </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="node-body"><p>（纽约，2011年5月6日）- 人权观察组织今天表示，美国应在下周举行的中美策略经与济对话（US-China Strategic and Economic Dialogue）中的各项领域里谈论人权，表示关注中国政府对异议人士的镇压。</p> <p>在2011年5月9至10日的会谈,美中政府各方均有十多个政府机构参与。由<em>美国</em>商务部(Department of Commerce)和<em>美国</em>国务院 (Department of State) 在华盛顿主办。</p> <p>自2010年底中东地区爆发一连串的示威抗议以及中国国家主席胡锦涛2011年1月访问美国后，中国政府就开始打压异议人士，以遏制国内任何走向"茉莉花革命"的趋势。人权观察自本年2月上旬已记录有数十名律师、博客和维权人士被强迫失踪和被任意拘留。美国政府批评，最近的这些发展反映了中国在人权问题上"严重倒退"。国务院主管民主、人权和劳工事务的助理国务卿<em>迈克尔</em>·<em>波斯纳（</em>Michael Posner）上周表示，美国在中美人权对话上就一些个别案件提出疑问，中国政府作出的回应却令人"感到不安"。</p> <p>人权观察亚洲倡导促进事务部主任索菲·理查森（Sophie Richardson）说："中国政府会特别留意论及人权的那些美国官员和机构。因此美国政府若要展示其致力于人权，就需全面协调各个政府机构。负责在贸易、金融和国防领域上与中国交流的美国官员，若提出人权话题，必定引起中国政府的注意。"</p> <p>一些美国官员称他们使用"整体政府" 策略在中国促进人权。这做法认可许多美国利益的前提基于中国建设一个独立司法制度、允许资讯的自由流、以及中国政府对于其政策和做法的批评展现容忍的态度。</p> <p> </p> <p>人权观察敦促美国政府在这次的策略与经济对话上继续采用"整体政府"方式，委任各个政府机构与相应的中国部门讨论相关的人权问题：</p> <ul> <li>美国商务部（Department of Commerce）及<em>美国</em>贸易代表办公室（Office of the US Trade Representative）应对以下问题表示关注：</li> </ul> <ul> <li>中国法律改革停滞不前 - 法律改革项目中有许多与<em>世界</em>贸易组织（World Trade Organization）的承诺有关，皆是为了创建一个稳定，更可预测的商业环境；</li> </ul> <ul> <li>中国政府持续监控和审查互联网 - 这对言论自由构成威胁；</li> </ul> <ul> <li>《中华人民共和国保守国家<em>秘密法</em>》- 含糊的保密法极其危险，常被用来对付中国政府的批评者以及国际商界人士；</li> </ul> <ul> <li><em>美国</em>卫生和公众服务部（Department of Health and Human Services），尤其是食品和药物管理局（Food and Drug Administration），应表示关注中国审查制度及中国政府对告密者进行迫害。这些做法阻碍人们及时举报问题，危害了食品安全、产品安全和公众健康；</li> </ul> <ul> <li>教育部（Department of Education）应表示关注，中国民工子女面临的系统性歧视导致他们在取得教育的途径受到限制，以及这对中国的发展过程带来的影响，尤其是当中国在未来几年内从低技能生产经济走向一个需要更熟练的劳工的经济；</li> </ul> <ul> <li>美国能源部（Department of Energy）应提及美国地质学家薛峰的案例。薛峰参与中国国营石油机构的一个数据库出售，被判犯了国家机密罪，正在服有期徒刑八年。此外，能源部还应敦促美中石油和天然气工业论坛（US-China Oil and Gas Industry Forum）在实施勘探、开采和基础设施项目时，采用人权和透明度的国际标准和保障措施的；</li> </ul> <ul> <li>美国环境保护局（Environmental Protection Agency）应要求中国政府就环境危机增进透明度，以及终止对环境保护人士进行迫害，其中包括曾服有期徒刑三年的吴立红。自他服刑期间被施于酷刑以后，就已停止倡导促进工作了。另外还有藏族环境慈善家嘎玛桑珠，他以莫须有的罪名被判有期徒刑15年，目前正在服刑。</li> </ul> <ul> <li>美国国防部（Department of Defense）应表示关注中国在国内治安行动中动用军队。还应关注中国政府不愿对症下药，着手解决导致西藏和新疆动乱、固然会损害国家稳定的根本原因。</li> </ul> <ul> <li>美国司法部（Department of Justice）应表示关注，被失踪、被拘捕及被撤销执照的中国维权律师。中国官员一向坚称依法办案却采取了这些手段，司法部应质问他们的说法。</li> </ul> <p>"国务卿克林顿曾说过，在国务院里的每一天都是人权日，所以策略与经济对话没理由不能同时成为一个人权会谈，"理查森说。 "洛克和蒂莫西·盖特纳部长，及其他美国政府代表，一定要在会谈上尽其所能。"</p> </div><div class="translation-links"><div class="label">Also available in:</div> <ul class="translation-list"><li class="node_translation_en first last"><a href="/web/20120610124025/http://www.hrw.org/news/2011/05/06/us-prioritize-rights-china-dialogue" title="US: Prioritize Rights in China Dialogue" 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