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32">►</a></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top">Christian Standard Bible</td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/p/csb/esv/ezekiel/31.shtml" style="color:#001320" title="Parallel Verses"> Par ▾ </a></tr></table></div><section epub:type="chapter" id="csb-Ezekiel.31" /><h3 class="head1">Downfall of Egypt and Assyria</h3><p class="noind"><span epub:type="z3998:verse" id="start-Ezekiel.31.1" /><A name="2"></a><span class="reftext"><a href="/ezekiel/31-1.htm"><b>1</b></a></span>In the eleventh year,<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Ezekiel.31.1.1"><span class="xrfAlphabet">a</span></a> in the third month, on the first day of the month, the word of the L<span class="smallcaps">ord</span> came to me: <span epub:type="z3998:verse" id="start-Ezekiel.31.2" /> <A name="3"></a><span class="reftext"><a href="/ezekiel/31-2.htm"><b>2</b></a></span>“Son of man, say to Pharaoh king of Egypt and to his hordes,</p><blockquote class="poetryblock"><p class="poem">‘Who are you like in your greatness?</p><p class="poem"><span epub:type="z3998:verse" id="start-Ezekiel.31.3" /> <A name="4"></a><span class="reftext"><a href="/ezekiel/31-3.htm"><b>3</b></a></span>Think of Assyria, a cedar in Lebanon,<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Ezekiel.31.3.1"><span class="xrfAlphabet">a</span></a></p><p class="poem">with beautiful branches and shady foliage</p><p class="poem">and of lofty height.</p><p class="poem">Its top was among the clouds.<a epub:type="noteref" href="#fn.Ezekiel.31.3.1"><span class="fnAlphabet">A</span></a></p><p class="poem"><span epub:type="z3998:verse" id="start-Ezekiel.31.4" /> <A name="5"></a><span class="reftext"><a href="/ezekiel/31-4.htm"><b>4</b></a></span>The waters caused it to grow;</p><p class="poem">the underground springs made it tall,</p><p class="poem">directing their rivers all around</p><p class="poem">the place where the tree was planted</p><p class="poem">and sending their channels</p><p class="poem">to all the trees of the field.</p><p class="poem"><span epub:type="z3998:verse" id="start-Ezekiel.31.5" /> <A name="6"></a><span class="reftext"><a href="/ezekiel/31-5.htm"><b>5</b></a></span>Therefore the cedar became greater in height</p><p class="poem">than all the trees of the field.<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Ezekiel.31.5.1"><span class="xrfAlphabet">a</span></a></p><p class="poem">Its branches multiplied,</p><p class="poem">and its boughs grew long</p><p class="poem">as it spread them out</p><p class="poem">because of the abundant water.<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Ezekiel.31.5.2"><span class="xrfAlphabet">b</span></a></p><p class="poem"><span epub:type="z3998:verse" id="start-Ezekiel.31.6" /> <A name="7"></a><span class="reftext"><a href="/ezekiel/31-6.htm"><b>6</b></a></span>All the birds of the sky</p><p class="poem">nested in its branches,<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Ezekiel.31.6.1"><span class="xrfAlphabet">a</span></a></p><p class="poem">and all the animals of the field</p><p class="poem">gave birth beneath its boughs;</p><p class="poem">all the great nations lived in its shade.</p><p class="poem"><span epub:type="z3998:verse" id="start-Ezekiel.31.7" /> <A name="8"></a><span class="reftext"><a href="/ezekiel/31-7.htm"><b>7</b></a></span>It was beautiful in its size,</p><p class="poem">in the length of its limbs,</p><p class="poem">for its roots extended to abundant water.</p><p class="poem"><span epub:type="z3998:verse" id="start-Ezekiel.31.8" /> <A name="9"></a><span class="reftext"><a href="/ezekiel/31-8.htm"><b>8</b></a></span>The cedars in God’s garden could not eclipse it;<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Ezekiel.31.8.1"><span class="xrfAlphabet">a</span></a></p><p class="poem">the pine trees couldn’t compare with its branches,</p><p class="poem">nor could the plane trees match its boughs.</p><p class="poem">No tree in the garden of God</p><p class="poem">could compare with it in beauty.</p><p class="poem"><span epub:type="z3998:verse" id="start-Ezekiel.31.9" /> <A name="10"></a><span class="reftext"><a href="/ezekiel/31-9.htm"><b>9</b></a></span>I made it beautiful with its many limbs,</p><p class="poem">and all the trees of Eden,</p><p class="poem">which were in God’s garden, envied it.</p></blockquote><p class="scripture"><span epub:type="z3998:verse" id="start-Ezekiel.31.10" /> <A name="11"></a><span class="reftext"><a href="/ezekiel/31-10.htm"><b>10</b></a></span>“ ‘Therefore, this is what the Lord G<span class="smallcaps">od</span> says: Since it<a epub:type="noteref" href="#fn.Ezekiel.31.10.1"><span class="fnAlphabet">A</span></a> towered high in stature and set its top among the clouds, and it<a epub:type="noteref" href="#fn.Ezekiel.31.10.2"><span class="fnAlphabet">B</span></a> grew proud<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Ezekiel.31.10.1"><span class="xrfAlphabet">a</span></a> on account of its height, <span epub:type="z3998:verse" id="start-Ezekiel.31.11" /> <A name="12"></a><span class="reftext"><a href="/ezekiel/31-11.htm"><b>11</b></a></span>I determined to hand it over to a ruler of nations;<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Ezekiel.31.11.1"><span class="xrfAlphabet">a</span></a> he would surely deal with it. I banished it because of its wickedness. <span epub:type="z3998:verse" id="start-Ezekiel.31.12" /> <A name="13"></a><span class="reftext"><a href="/ezekiel/31-12.htm"><b>12</b></a></span>Foreigners, ruthless men from the nations,<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Ezekiel.31.12.1"><span class="xrfAlphabet">a</span></a> cut it down and left it lying. Its limbs fell on the mountains and in every valley; its boughs lay broken in all the earth’s ravines. All the peoples of the earth left its shade and abandoned it. <span epub:type="z3998:verse" id="start-Ezekiel.31.13" /> <A name="14"></a><span class="reftext"><a href="/ezekiel/31-13.htm"><b>13</b></a></span>All the birds of the sky nested on its fallen trunk, and all the animals of the field were among its boughs. <span epub:type="z3998:verse" id="start-Ezekiel.31.14" /> <A name="15"></a><span class="reftext"><a href="/ezekiel/31-14.htm"><b>14</b></a></span>This happened so that no trees planted beside water would become great in height and set their tops among the clouds, and so that no other well-watered trees would reach them in height. For they have all been consigned to death, to the underworld, among the people<a epub:type="noteref" href="#fn.Ezekiel.31.14.1"><span class="fnAlphabet">A</span></a> who descend to the Pit.<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Ezekiel.31.14.1"><span class="xrfAlphabet">a</span></a></p><p class="scripture"><span epub:type="z3998:verse" id="start-Ezekiel.31.15" /> <A name="16"></a><span class="reftext"><a href="/ezekiel/31-15.htm"><b>15</b></a></span>“ ‘This is what the Lord G<span class="smallcaps">od</span> says: I caused grieving on the day the cedar went down to Sheol.<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Ezekiel.31.15.1"><span class="xrfAlphabet">a</span></a> I closed off the underground deep because of it:<a epub:type="noteref" href="#fn.Ezekiel.31.15.1"><span class="fnAlphabet">A</span></a> I held back the rivers of the deep, and its abundant water was restrained. I made Lebanon mourn on account of it, and all the trees of the field fainted because of it. <span epub:type="z3998:verse" id="start-Ezekiel.31.16" /> <A name="17"></a><span class="reftext"><a href="/ezekiel/31-16.htm"><b>16</b></a></span>I made the nations quake at the sound of its downfall, when I threw it down to Sheol to be with those who descend to the Pit. Then all the trees of Eden,<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Ezekiel.31.16.1"><span class="xrfAlphabet">a</span></a> the choice and best of Lebanon, all the well-watered trees, were comforted<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Ezekiel.31.16.2"><span class="xrfAlphabet">b</span></a> in the underworld. <span epub:type="z3998:verse" id="start-Ezekiel.31.17" /> <A name="18"></a><span class="reftext"><a href="/ezekiel/31-17.htm"><b>17</b></a></span>They too descended with it to Sheol, to those slain by the sword. As its allies<a epub:type="noteref" href="#fn.Ezekiel.31.17.1"><span class="fnAlphabet">a</span></a> <a epub:type="noteref" href="#fn.Ezekiel.31.17.2"><span class="fnAlphabet">B</span></a> they had lived in its shade among the nations.</p><p class="scripture"><span epub:type="z3998:verse" id="start-Ezekiel.31.18" /> <span class="reftext"><a href="/ezekiel/31-18.htm"><b>18</b></a></span>“ ‘Who then are you like in glory and greatness among Eden’s trees? You also will be brought down to the underworld to be with the trees of Eden. You will lie among the uncircumcised with those slain by the sword.<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Ezekiel.31.18.1"><span class="xrfAlphabet">a</span></a> This is Pharaoh and all his hordes. This is the declaration of the Lord G<span class="smallcaps">od</span>.’ ”</p><br /><section id="footnotes-Ezekiel.31" class="fnSection"><aside id="fn.Ezekiel.31.3.1"><span class="footnote-reference"><a href="#start-Ezekiel.31.3">31:3</a></span> Or <span class="italic">thick foliage</span>, also in vv. 10,14</aside><aside id="fn.Ezekiel.31.10.1"><span class="footnote-reference"><a href="#start-Ezekiel.31.10">31:10</a></span> Syr, Vg; MT, LXX read <span class="italic">you</span></aside><aside id="fn.Ezekiel.31.10.2"><span class="footnote-reference"><a href="#start-Ezekiel.31.10">31:10</a></span> Lit <span class="italic">its heart</span></aside><aside id="fn.Ezekiel.31.14.1"><span class="footnote-reference"><a href="#start-Ezekiel.31.14">31:14</a></span> Or <span class="italic">the descendants of Adam</span></aside><aside id="fn.Ezekiel.31.15.1"><span class="footnote-reference"><a href="#start-Ezekiel.31.15">31:15</a></span> Or <span class="italic">I covered it with the underground deep</span></aside><aside id="fn.Ezekiel.31.17.1"><span class="footnote-reference"><a href="#start-Ezekiel.31.17">31:17</a></span> LXX, Syr read <span class="italic">offspring</span></aside><aside id="fn.Ezekiel.31.17.2"><span class="footnote-reference"><a href="#start-Ezekiel.31.17">31:17</a></span> Lit <span class="italic">arm</span></aside><br /><section id="cross-references-Ezekiel.31" class="xrfSection"><aside id="xrf.Ezekiel.31.1.1"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Ezekiel.31.1">31:1</a></span> Ezk 30:20</aside><aside id="xrf.Ezekiel.31.3.1"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Ezekiel.31.3">31:3</a></span> Is 10:33–34; Ezk 17:3–4,22; 31:16</aside><aside id="xrf.Ezekiel.31.5.1"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Ezekiel.31.5">31:5</a></span> Dn 4:11</aside><aside id="xrf.Ezekiel.31.5.2"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Ezekiel.31.5">31:5</a></span> Ezk 17:5</aside><aside id="xrf.Ezekiel.31.6.1"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Ezekiel.31.6">31:6</a></span> Ezk 17:23; Dn 4:12,21; Mt 13:32</aside><aside id="xrf.Ezekiel.31.8.1"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Ezekiel.31.8">31:8</a></span> Gn 2:8; Is 51:3; Ezk 28:13</aside><aside id="xrf.Ezekiel.31.10.1"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Ezekiel.31.10">31:10</a></span> Ezk 28:17; Dn 5:20</aside><aside id="xrf.Ezekiel.31.11.1"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Ezekiel.31.11">31:11</a></span> Ezk 30:10–11; Dn 5:18–19</aside><aside id="xrf.Ezekiel.31.12.1"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Ezekiel.31.12">31:12</a></span> Ezk 28:7; 32:12</aside><aside id="xrf.Ezekiel.31.14.1"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Ezekiel.31.14">31:14</a></span> Ezk 26:20</aside><aside id="xrf.Ezekiel.31.15.1"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Ezekiel.31.15">31:15</a></span> Ezk 32:22–23</aside><aside id="xrf.Ezekiel.31.16.1"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Ezekiel.31.16">31:16</a></span> Ezk 26:15; 27:28; Hg 2:7</aside><aside id="xrf.Ezekiel.31.16.2"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Ezekiel.31.16">31:16</a></span> Ezk 32:31</aside><aside id="xrf.Ezekiel.31.18.1"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Ezekiel.31.18">31:18</a></span> Ezk 28:10; 32:19,21</aside><br /><section id="study-notes-Ezekiel.31" class="snSection"><br /></div><div id="botbox"><div class="padbot"><div align="center">The Christian Standard Bible. 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