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<div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Development</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Development-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Function" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Function"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Function</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Function-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Function subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Function-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hemisphere_lateralization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hemisphere_lateralization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Hemisphere lateralization</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hemisphere_lateralization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Clinical_significance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Clinical_significance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Clinical significance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Clinical_significance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Additional_images" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Additional_images"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Additional images</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Additional_images-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " 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Available in 35 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-35" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">35 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B5%D9%81_%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D9%85%D8%AE%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="نصف كرة مخية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نصف كرة مخية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemisferiu_cerebral" title="Hemisferiu cerebral – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Hemisferiu cerebral" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beyin_yar%C4%B1mk%C3%BCr%C9%99l%C9%99ri" title="Beyin yarımkürələri – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Beyin yarımkürələri" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mo%C5%BEdana_hemisfera" title="Moždana hemisfera – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Moždana hemisfera" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemisferi_cerebral" title="Hemisferi cerebral – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Hemisferi cerebral" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mozkov%C3%A1_hemisf%C3%A9ra" title="Mozková hemisféra – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mozková hemisféra" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemisffer_cerebrol" title="Hemisffer cerebrol – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Hemisffer cerebrol" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suuraju_poolkerad" title="Suuraju poolkerad – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Suuraju poolkerad" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%B3%CE%BA%CE%B5%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC_%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%AF%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B1" title="Εγκεφαλικά ημισφαίρια – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εγκεφαλικά ημισφαίρια" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemisferio_cerebral" title="Hemisferio cerebral – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hemisferio cerebral" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerba_duonsfero" title="Cerba duonsfero – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Cerba duonsfero" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burmuin-hemisferio" title="Burmuin-hemisferio – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Burmuin-hemisferio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%85%E2%80%8C%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B2" title="نیم‌کره‌های مغز – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نیم‌کره‌های مغز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9misph%C3%A8re_c%C3%A9r%C3%A9bral" title="Hémisphère cérébral – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hémisphère cérébral" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belahan_otak_besar" title="Belahan otak besar – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Belahan otak besar" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%94_(%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%97)" title="המיספרה (מוח) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="המיספרה (מוח)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemisfer" title="Hemisfer – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Hemisfer" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agyf%C3%A9ltek%C3%A9k" title="Agyféltekék – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Agyféltekék" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemisfera_serebrum" title="Hemisfera serebrum – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Hemisfera serebrum" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebrale_hemisfeer" title="Cerebrale hemisfeer – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Cerebrale hemisfeer" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosh_miya_yarimsharlari" title="Bosh miya yarimsharlari – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Bosh miya yarimsharlari" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B3%C5%82kula_m%C3%B3zgu" title="Półkula mózgu – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Półkula mózgu" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemisf%C3%A9rio_cerebral" title="Hemisfério cerebral – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Hemisfério cerebral" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emisfer%C4%83_cerebral%C4%83" title="Emisferă cerebrală – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Emisferă cerebrală" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Полушарие головного мозга – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Полушарие головного мозга" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_hemisphere" title="Cerebral hemisphere – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Cerebral hemisphere" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Мождана хемисфера – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Мождана хемисфера" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aivopuolisko" title="Aivopuolisko – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Aivopuolisko" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87" title="ซีกสมอง – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ซีกสมอง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serebral_hemisfer" title="Serebral hemisfer – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Serebral hemisfer" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Be%C3%BDni_%C3%BDarym_%C5%9Farlary" title="Beýni ýarym şarlary – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Beýni ýarym şarlary" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%96_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BA%D1%83" title="Півкулі головного мозку – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Півкулі головного мозку" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B5%D9%81_%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%81_(%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%BA)" title="نصف کرہ (دماغ) – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نصف کرہ (دماغ)" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A1n_c%E1%BA%A7u_%C4%91%E1%BA%A1i_n%C3%A3o" title="Bán cầu đại não – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bán cầu đại não" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%84%91%E5%8D%8A%E7%90%83" title="大脑半球 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="大脑半球" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q551808#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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.hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Cerebellar_hemisphere" title="Cerebellar hemisphere">Cerebellar hemisphere</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:lemonchiffon">Cerebral hemisphere</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Blausen_0215_CerebralHemispheres.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Blausen_0215_CerebralHemispheres.png/250px-Blausen_0215_CerebralHemispheres.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Blausen_0215_CerebralHemispheres.png/375px-Blausen_0215_CerebralHemispheres.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Blausen_0215_CerebralHemispheres.png/500px-Blausen_0215_CerebralHemispheres.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1320" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Human_brain" title="Human brain">Human brain</a> seen from front.</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Cerebral_hemisphere_-_animation.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Cerebral_hemisphere_-_animation.gif/250px-Cerebral_hemisphere_-_animation.gif" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Cerebral_hemisphere_-_animation.gif/375px-Cerebral_hemisphere_-_animation.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Cerebral_hemisphere_-_animation.gif/500px-Cerebral_hemisphere_-_animation.gif 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#F270F4; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> Right cerebral hemisphere</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#7086F4; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> Left cerebral hemisphere</div></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Details</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Identifiers</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>hemisphaerium cerebri</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/NeuroNames" title="NeuroNames">NeuroNames</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=241">241</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/NeuroLex" title="NeuroLex">NeuroLex</a> ID</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uri.neuinfo.org/nif/nifstd/birnlex_1796">birnlex_1796</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Terminologia_Anatomica" title="Terminologia Anatomica">TA98</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ifaa.unifr.ch/Public/EntryPage/TA98%20Tree/Entity%20TA98%20EN/14.1.09.002%20Entity%20TA98%20EN.htm">A14.1.09.002</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Terminologia_Anatomica" title="Terminologia Anatomica">TA2</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ta2viewer.openanatomy.org/?id=5418">5418</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Foundational_Model_of_Anatomy" title="Foundational Model of Anatomy">FMA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/FMA/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fpurl.org%2Fsig%2Font%2Ffma%2Ffma61817">61817</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><a href="/wiki/Anatomical_terms_of_neuroanatomy" title="Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy">Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy</a><div style="text-align: right;"><small class="noprint">[<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q551808" class="extiw" title="d:Q551808">edit on Wikidata</a>]</small></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Vertebrate" title="Vertebrate">vertebrate</a> <a href="/wiki/Cerebrum" title="Cerebrum">cerebrum</a> (<a href="/wiki/Brain" title="Brain">brain</a>) is formed by two <b>cerebral hemispheres</b> that are separated by a groove, the <a href="/wiki/Longitudinal_fissure" title="Longitudinal fissure">longitudinal fissure</a>. The brain can thus be described as being divided into left and right cerebral hemispheres. Each of these hemispheres has an outer layer of <a href="/wiki/Grey_matter" title="Grey matter">grey matter</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Cerebral_cortex" title="Cerebral cortex">cerebral cortex</a>, that is supported by an inner layer of <a href="/wiki/White_matter" title="White matter">white matter</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Eutherian" class="mw-redirect" title="Eutherian">eutherian</a> (placental) mammals, the hemispheres are linked by the <a href="/wiki/Corpus_callosum" title="Corpus callosum">corpus callosum</a>, a very large bundle of <a href="/wiki/Axon" title="Axon">nerve fibers</a>. Smaller commissures, including the <a href="/wiki/Anterior_commissure" title="Anterior commissure">anterior commissure</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Posterior_commissure" title="Posterior commissure">posterior commissure</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Fornix_(neuroanatomy)" title="Fornix (neuroanatomy)">fornix</a>, also join the hemispheres and these are also present in other vertebrates. These commissures transfer information between the two hemispheres to coordinate localized functions. </p><p>There are three known poles of the cerebral hemispheres: the <i><a href="/wiki/Occipital_lobe" title="Occipital lobe">occipital pole</a></i>, the <i><a href="/wiki/Frontal_lobe" title="Frontal lobe">frontal pole</a></i>, and the <i><a href="/wiki/Temporal_lobe" title="Temporal lobe">temporal pole</a></i>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Central_sulcus" title="Central sulcus">central sulcus</a> is a prominent fissure which separates the <a href="/wiki/Parietal_lobe" title="Parietal lobe">parietal lobe</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Frontal_lobe" title="Frontal lobe">frontal lobe</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Primary_motor_cortex" title="Primary motor cortex">primary motor cortex</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Primary_somatosensory_cortex" title="Primary somatosensory cortex">primary somatosensory cortex</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Macroscopic" class="mw-redirect" title="Macroscopic">Macroscopically</a> the hemispheres are roughly mirror images of each other, with only subtle differences, such as the <a href="/wiki/Yakovlevian_torque" title="Yakovlevian torque">Yakovlevian torque</a> seen in the <a href="/wiki/Human_brain" title="Human brain">human brain</a>, which is a slight warping of the right side, bringing it just forward of the left side. On a microscopic level, the <a href="/wiki/Cytoarchitecture" title="Cytoarchitecture">cytoarchitecture</a> of the cerebral cortex, shows the functions of cells, quantities of <a href="/wiki/Neurotransmitter" title="Neurotransmitter">neurotransmitter</a> levels and <a href="/wiki/Receptor_(biochemistry)" title="Receptor (biochemistry)">receptor</a> subtypes to be markedly asymmetrical between the hemispheres.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, while some of these hemispheric distribution differences are consistent across human beings, or even across some species, many observable distribution differences vary from individual to individual within a given species. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure">Structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cerebral_hemisphere&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Each cerebral hemisphere has an outer layer of <a href="/wiki/Cerebral_cortex" title="Cerebral cortex">cerebral cortex</a> which is of <a href="/wiki/Grey_matter" title="Grey matter">grey matter</a> and in the <b>interior of the cerebral hemispheres</b> is an inner layer or core of <a href="/wiki/White_matter" title="White matter">white matter</a> known as the <a href="/wiki/Centrum_semiovale" title="Centrum semiovale">centrum semiovale</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Neurology_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Neurology-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The interior portion of the hemispheres of the <a href="/wiki/Cerebrum" title="Cerebrum">cerebrum</a> includes the <a href="/wiki/Lateral_ventricle" class="mw-redirect" title="Lateral ventricle">lateral ventricles</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Basal_ganglia" title="Basal ganglia">basal ganglia</a>, and the white matter.<sup id="cite_ref-isbn0-7817-9427-7_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isbn0-7817-9427-7-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Poles">Poles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cerebral_hemisphere&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Poles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Poles_of_cerebral_hemispheres_(en)_-_inferiror_view.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Poles_of_cerebral_hemispheres_%28en%29_-_inferiror_view.png/220px-Poles_of_cerebral_hemispheres_%28en%29_-_inferiror_view.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Poles_of_cerebral_hemispheres_%28en%29_-_inferiror_view.png/330px-Poles_of_cerebral_hemispheres_%28en%29_-_inferiror_view.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Poles_of_cerebral_hemispheres_%28en%29_-_inferiror_view.png/440px-Poles_of_cerebral_hemispheres_%28en%29_-_inferiror_view.png 2x" data-file-width="755" data-file-height="630" /></a><figcaption>Poles of cerebral hemispheres</figcaption></figure> <p>There are three poles of the cerebrum: the occipital pole, the frontal pole, and the temporal pole. The occipital pole is the posterior end of each <a href="/wiki/Occipital_lobe" title="Occipital lobe">occipital lobe</a> in each hemisphere. It is more pointed than the rounder frontal pole. The frontal pole is at the frontmost part of the <a href="/wiki/Frontal_lobe" title="Frontal lobe">frontal lobe</a> in each hemisphere, and is more rounded than the occipital pole. The temporal pole is located between the frontal and occipital poles, and sits in the anterior part of <a href="/wiki/Middle_cranial_fossa" title="Middle cranial fossa">middle cranial fossa</a> in each temporal lobe.<sup id="cite_ref-Singh_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Singh-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Composition">Composition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cerebral_hemisphere&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Composition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>If the upper part of either hemisphere is removed, at a level about 1.25 cm above the <a href="/wiki/Corpus_callosum" title="Corpus callosum">corpus callosum</a>, the central white matter will be exposed as an oval-shaped area, the <a href="/wiki/Centrum_semiovale" title="Centrum semiovale">centrum semiovale</a>, surrounded by a narrow convoluted margin of gray substance, and studded with numerous minute red dots (puncta vasculosa), produced by the escape of blood from divided blood vessels.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>If the remaining portions of the hemispheres be slightly drawn apart a broad band of white substance, the corpus callosum, will be observed, connecting them at the bottom of the <a href="/wiki/Longitudinal_fissure" title="Longitudinal fissure">longitudinal fissure</a>; the margins of the hemispheres which overlap the corpus callosum are called the <i>labia cerebri</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Each labium is part of the cingulate gyrus already described; and the groove between it and the upper surface of the corpus callosum is termed the <a href="/wiki/Callosal_sulcus" class="mw-redirect" title="Callosal sulcus">callosal sulcus</a>. </p><p>If the hemispheres are sliced off to a level with the upper surface of the corpus callosum, the white substance of that structure will be seen connecting the two hemispheres. </p><p>The large expanse of medullary matter now exposed, surrounded by the convoluted margin of gray substance, is called the centrum semiovale. The blood supply to the centrum semiovale is from the superficial <a href="/wiki/Middle_cerebral_artery" title="Middle cerebral artery">middle cerebral artery</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Neurology_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Neurology-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The cortical branches of this artery descend to provide blood to the centrum semiovale.<sup id="cite_ref-Lee_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lee-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Development">Development</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cerebral_hemisphere&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The cerebral hemispheres are derived from the <a href="/wiki/Telencephalon" class="mw-redirect" title="Telencephalon">telencephalon</a>. They arise five weeks after <a href="/wiki/Conception_(biology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Conception (biology)">conception</a> as bilateral <a href="/wiki/Invagination" title="Invagination">invaginations</a> of the walls. The hemispheres grow round in a C-shape and then back again, pulling all structures internal to the hemispheres (such as the <a href="/wiki/Ventricular_system" title="Ventricular system">ventricles</a>) with them. The <a href="/wiki/Interventricular_foramina_(neural_anatomy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Interventricular foramina (neural anatomy)">intraventricular foramina</a> (also called the foramina of Monro) allows communication with the <a href="/wiki/Lateral_ventricle" class="mw-redirect" title="Lateral ventricle">lateral ventricles</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Choroid_plexus" title="Choroid plexus">choroid plexus</a> is formed from <a href="/wiki/Ependymal_cell" class="mw-redirect" title="Ependymal cell">ependymal cells</a> and <a href="/wiki/Blood_vessel" title="Blood vessel">vascular</a> <a href="/wiki/Mesenchyme" title="Mesenchyme">mesenchyme</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Function">Function</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cerebral_hemisphere&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Function"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hemisphere_lateralization">Hemisphere lateralization</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cerebral_hemisphere&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Hemisphere lateralization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Lateralization_of_brain_function" title="Lateralization of brain function">Lateralization of brain function</a></div> <p>Broad generalizations are often made in <a href="/wiki/Popular_psychology" title="Popular psychology">popular psychology</a> about certain functions (e.g. logic, creativity) being <a href="/wiki/Lateralization_of_brain_function" title="Lateralization of brain function">lateralized</a>, that is, located in the right or left side of the brain. These claims are often inaccurate, as most brain functions are actually distributed across both hemispheres. Most scientific evidence for asymmetry relates to low-level perceptual functions rather than the higher-level functions popularly discussed (e.g. subconscious processing of grammar, not "logical thinking" in general).<sup id="cite_ref-Western_2006_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Western_2006-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to this lateralization of some functions, the low-level representations also tend to represent the <a href="/wiki/Contralateral_brain" title="Contralateral brain">contralateral</a> side of the body. </p><p>The best example of an established lateralization is that of Broca's and Wernicke's Areas (<a href="/wiki/Language" title="Language">language</a>) where both are often found exclusively on the left hemisphere. These areas frequently correspond to handedness however, meaning the localization of these areas is regularly found on the hemisphere opposite to the dominant hand. Function lateralization, such as <a href="/wiki/Semantics" title="Semantics">semantics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Intonation_(linguistics)" title="Intonation (linguistics)">intonation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Accentuation" class="mw-redirect" title="Accentuation">accentuation</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Prosody_(linguistics)" title="Prosody (linguistics)">prosody</a>, has since been called into question and largely been found to have a neuronal basis in both hemispheres.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid25352157_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid25352157-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid26766393_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid26766393-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Human_embryo_8_weeks_4.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Human_embryo_8_weeks_4.JPG/220px-Human_embryo_8_weeks_4.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Human_embryo_8_weeks_4.JPG/330px-Human_embryo_8_weeks_4.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Human_embryo_8_weeks_4.JPG/440px-Human_embryo_8_weeks_4.JPG 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption>Cerebral hemispheres of a human embryo at 8 weeks.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Perception" title="Perception">Perceptual information</a> is processed in both hemispheres, but is laterally partitioned: information from each side of the body is sent to the opposite hemisphere (visual information is partitioned <a href="/wiki/Optic_radiation" title="Optic radiation">somewhat differently</a>, but still lateralized). Similarly, motor control signals sent out to the body also come from the hemisphere on the opposite side. Thus, <a href="/wiki/Handedness" title="Handedness">hand preference</a> (which hand someone prefers to use) is also related to hemisphere lateralization.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In some aspects, the hemispheres are asymmetrical; the right side is slightly bigger. There are higher levels of the <a href="/wiki/Neurotransmitter" title="Neurotransmitter">neurotransmitter</a> <a href="/wiki/Norepinephrine" title="Norepinephrine">norepinephrine</a> on the right and higher levels of <a href="/wiki/Dopamine" title="Dopamine">dopamine</a> on the left. The right hemisphere is more sensitive to <a href="/wiki/Testosterone" title="Testosterone">testosterone</a>. There is more <a href="/wiki/White_matter" title="White matter">white matter</a> (longer axons) on the right and more <a href="/wiki/Grey_matter" title="Grey matter">grey matter</a> (cell bodies) on the left.<sup id="cite_ref-Carter_1998_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carter_1998-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Linear" class="mw-redirect" title="Linear">Linear</a> <a href="/wiki/Reason" title="Reason">reasoning</a> functions of <a href="/wiki/Language" title="Language">language</a> such as grammar and word production are often lateralized to the left hemisphere of the brain. In contrast, <a href="/wiki/Holistic" class="mw-redirect" title="Holistic">holistic</a> <a href="/wiki/Reason" title="Reason">reasoning</a> functions of <a href="/wiki/Language" title="Language">language</a> such as intonation and emphasis are often lateralized to the right hemisphere of the brain. Other integrative functions such as intuitive or <a href="/wiki/Heuristic" title="Heuristic">heuristic</a> arithmetic, binaural sound localization, etc. seem to be more bilaterally controlled.<sup id="cite_ref-Dehaene_1_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dehaene_1-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Clinical_significance">Clinical significance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cerebral_hemisphere&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Clinical significance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Infarction" title="Infarction">Infarcts</a> of the centrum ovale can occur.<sup id="cite_ref-Neurology_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Neurology-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As a treatment for <a href="/wiki/Epilepsy" title="Epilepsy">epilepsy</a> the corpus callosum may be severed to cut the major connection between the hemispheres in a procedure known as a <a href="/wiki/Corpus_callosotomy" title="Corpus callosotomy">corpus callosotomy</a>. </p><p>A <a href="/wiki/Hemispherectomy" title="Hemispherectomy">hemispherectomy</a> is the removal or disabling of one of the hemispheres of the brain. This is a rare <a href="/wiki/Surgery" title="Surgery">procedure</a> used in some extreme cases of <a href="/wiki/Epileptic_seizure" class="mw-redirect" title="Epileptic seizure">seizures</a> which are unresponsive to other treatments. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Additional_images">Additional images</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cerebral_hemisphere&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Additional images"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sheep_Brain_Dissection_2_-_black_background_with_labels.png" class="mw-file-description" title="The sheep brain seen from the back. Opening longitudinal fissure which separates left and right cerebral hemispheres."><img alt="The sheep brain seen from the back. Opening longitudinal fissure which separates left and right cerebral hemispheres." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Sheep_Brain_Dissection_2_-_black_background_with_labels.png/90px-Sheep_Brain_Dissection_2_-_black_background_with_labels.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Sheep_Brain_Dissection_2_-_black_background_with_labels.png/135px-Sheep_Brain_Dissection_2_-_black_background_with_labels.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Sheep_Brain_Dissection_2_-_black_background_with_labels.png/180px-Sheep_Brain_Dissection_2_-_black_background_with_labels.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The <a href="/wiki/Sheep" title="Sheep">sheep</a> brain seen from the back. Opening <a href="/wiki/Longitudinal_fissure" title="Longitudinal fissure">longitudinal fissure</a> which separates left and right cerebral hemispheres.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gray726-Brodman.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lateral surface. (The frontal pole is approximately at 10, the occipital pole is approximately at 17, and the temporal pole is approximately at 38.)"><img alt="Lateral surface. (The frontal pole is approximately at 10, the occipital pole is approximately at 17, and the temporal pole is approximately at 38.)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Gray726-Brodman.svg/120px-Gray726-Brodman.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="69" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Gray726-Brodman.svg/180px-Gray726-Brodman.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Gray726-Brodman.svg/240px-Gray726-Brodman.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="992" data-file-height="573" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Lateral surface. (The frontal pole is approximately at 10, the occipital pole is approximately at 17, and the temporal pole is approximately at 38.)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cerebral_hemisphere&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAndersonRutledge1996" class="citation journal cs1">Anderson B, Rutledge V (December 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fbrain%2F119.6.1983">"Age and hemisphere effects on dendritic structure"</a>. <i>Brain</i>. <b>119</b> (6): <span class="nowrap">1983–</span>1990. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fbrain%2F119.6.1983">10.1093/brain/119.6.1983</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9010002">9010002</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brain&rft.atitle=Age+and+hemisphere+effects+on+dendritic+structure&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1983-%3C%2Fspan%3E1990&rft.date=1996-12&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fbrain%2F119.6.1983&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F9010002&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=B&rft.au=Rutledge%2C+V&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1093%252Fbrain%252F119.6.1983&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACerebral+hemisphere" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHutslerGaluske2003" class="citation journal cs1">Hutsler J, Galuske RA (August 2003). 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cortex"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Anatomy_of_the_cerebral_cortex_of_the_human_brain304" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Anatomy of the <a href="/wiki/Cerebral_cortex" title="Cerebral cortex">cerebral cortex</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Human_brain" title="Human brain">human brain</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Frontal_lobe" title="Frontal lobe">Frontal lobe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Superolateral</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Prefrontal_cortex" title="Prefrontal cortex">Prefrontal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Superior_frontal_gyrus" title="Superior frontal gyrus">Superior frontal gyrus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_4" title="Brodmann area 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_6" title="Brodmann area 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_8" title="Brodmann area 8">8</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_frontal_gyrus" title="Middle frontal gyrus">Middle frontal gyrus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_9" title="Brodmann area 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_10" title="Brodmann area 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_46" title="Brodmann area 46">46</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inferior_frontal_gyrus" title="Inferior frontal gyrus">Inferior frontal gyrus</a>: <a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_11" title="Brodmann area 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_47" title="Brodmann area 47">47</a>-<a href="/wiki/Orbital_part_of_inferior_frontal_gyrus" title="Orbital part of inferior frontal gyrus">Pars orbitalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broca%27s_area" title="Broca's area">Broca's area</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_44" title="Brodmann area 44">44</a>-<a href="/wiki/Opercular_part_of_inferior_frontal_gyrus" class="mw-redirect" title="Opercular part of inferior frontal gyrus">Pars opercularis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_45" title="Brodmann area 45">45</a>-<a href="/wiki/Triangular_part_of_inferior_frontal_gyrus" class="mw-redirect" title="Triangular part of inferior frontal gyrus">Pars triangularis</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Superior_frontal_sulcus" title="Superior frontal sulcus">Superior frontal sulcus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inferior_frontal_sulcus" title="Inferior frontal sulcus">Inferior frontal sulcus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Precentral_gyrus" title="Precentral gyrus">Precentral</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Precentral_gyrus" title="Precentral gyrus">Precentral gyrus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Precentral_sulcus" title="Precentral sulcus">Precentral sulcus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Medial/inferior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Prefrontal_cortex" title="Prefrontal cortex">Prefrontal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Superior_frontal_gyrus" title="Superior frontal gyrus">Superior frontal gyrus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_4" title="Brodmann area 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_6" title="Brodmann area 6">6</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medial_frontal_gyrus" title="Medial frontal gyrus">Medial frontal gyrus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_8" title="Brodmann area 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_9" title="Brodmann area 9">9</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paraterminal_gyrus" class="mw-redirect" title="Paraterminal gyrus">Paraterminal gyrus</a>/<a href="/wiki/Paraolfactory_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Paraolfactory area">Paraolfactory area</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_12" title="Brodmann area 12">12</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straight_gyrus" title="Straight gyrus">Straight gyrus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_11" title="Brodmann area 11">11</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbital_gyri" title="Orbital gyri">Orbital gyri</a>/<a href="/wiki/Orbitofrontal_cortex" title="Orbitofrontal cortex">Orbitofrontal cortex</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_10" title="Brodmann area 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_11" title="Brodmann area 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_12" title="Brodmann area 12">12</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ventromedial_prefrontal_cortex" title="Ventromedial prefrontal cortex">Ventromedial prefrontal cortex</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_10" title="Brodmann area 10">10</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subcallosal_area" title="Subcallosal area">Subcallosal area</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_25" title="Brodmann area 25">25</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olfactory_sulcus" class="mw-redirect" title="Olfactory sulcus">Olfactory sulcus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbital_sulcus" title="Orbital sulcus">Orbital sulcus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Precentral_gyrus" title="Precentral gyrus">Precentral</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paracentral_lobule" title="Paracentral lobule">Paracentral lobule</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_4" title="Brodmann area 4">4</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paracentral_sulcus" title="Paracentral sulcus">Paracentral sulcus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Both</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Primary_motor_cortex" title="Primary motor cortex">Primary motor cortex</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_4" title="Brodmann area 4">4</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premotor_cortex" title="Premotor cortex">Premotor cortex</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_6" title="Brodmann area 6">6</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supplementary_motor_area" title="Supplementary motor area">Supplementary motor area</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_6" title="Brodmann area 6">6</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supplementary_eye_field" title="Supplementary eye field">Supplementary eye field</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_6" title="Brodmann area 6">6</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frontal_eye_fields" title="Frontal eye fields">Frontal eye fields</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_8" title="Brodmann area 8">8</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Parietal_lobe" title="Parietal lobe">Parietal lobe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Superolateral</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Superior_parietal_lobule" title="Superior parietal lobule">Superior parietal lobule</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_5" title="Brodmann area 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_7" title="Brodmann area 7">7</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inferior_parietal_lobule" title="Inferior parietal lobule">Inferior parietal lobule</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_40" title="Brodmann area 40">40</a>-<a href="/wiki/Supramarginal_gyrus" title="Supramarginal gyrus">Supramarginal gyrus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_39" title="Brodmann area 39">39</a>-<a href="/wiki/Angular_gyrus" title="Angular gyrus">Angular gyrus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parietal_operculum" class="mw-redirect" title="Parietal operculum">Parietal operculum</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_43" title="Brodmann area 43">43</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Intraparietal_sulcus" title="Intraparietal sulcus">Intraparietal sulcus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Medial/inferior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paracentral_lobule" title="Paracentral lobule">Paracentral lobule</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Brodmann area 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Brodmann area 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_3" class="mw-redirect" title="Brodmann area 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_5" title="Brodmann area 5">5</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Precuneus" title="Precuneus">Precuneus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_7" title="Brodmann area 7">7</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marginal_sulcus" title="Marginal sulcus">Marginal sulcus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Both</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Postcentral_gyrus" title="Postcentral gyrus">Postcentral gyrus</a>/<a href="/wiki/Primary_somatosensory_cortex" title="Primary somatosensory cortex">Primary somatosensory cortex</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_areas_3,_1_and_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Brodmann areas 3, 1 and 2">3, 1 and 2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secondary_somatosensory_cortex" title="Secondary somatosensory cortex">Secondary somatosensory cortex</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_5" title="Brodmann area 5">5</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Posterior_parietal_cortex" title="Posterior parietal cortex">Posterior parietal cortex</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_7" title="Brodmann area 7">7</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Occipital_lobe" title="Occipital lobe">Occipital lobe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Superolateral</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Poles">Occipital pole of cerebrum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occipital_gyri" title="Occipital gyri">Occipital gyri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lateral_occipital_sulcus" title="Lateral occipital sulcus">Lateral occipital gyrus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_18" title="Brodmann area 18">18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_19" title="Brodmann area 19">19</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunate_sulcus" title="Lunate sulcus">Lunate sulcus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transverse_occipital_sulcus" title="Transverse occipital sulcus">Transverse occipital sulcus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Medial/inferior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Visual_cortex" title="Visual cortex">Visual cortex</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_17" class="mw-redirect" title="Brodmann area 17">17</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuneus" title="Cuneus">Cuneus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingual_gyrus" title="Lingual gyrus">Lingual gyrus</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calcarine_sulcus" title="Calcarine sulcus">Calcarine sulcus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Temporal_lobe" title="Temporal lobe">Temporal lobe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Superolateral</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transverse_temporal_gyrus" title="Transverse temporal gyrus">Transverse temporal gyrus</a>/<a href="/wiki/Auditory_cortex" title="Auditory cortex">Auditory cortex</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_areas_41_and_42" title="Brodmann areas 41 and 42">41 and 42</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superior_temporal_gyrus" title="Superior temporal gyrus">Superior temporal gyrus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_38" title="Brodmann area 38">38</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_22" title="Brodmann area 22">22</a>/<a href="/wiki/Wernicke%27s_area" title="Wernicke's area">Wernicke's area</a> (<a href="/wiki/Planum_temporale" title="Planum temporale">Planum temporale</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superior_temporal_sulcus" title="Superior temporal sulcus">Superior temporal sulcus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_temporal_gyrus" title="Middle temporal gyrus">Middle temporal gyrus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_21" title="Brodmann area 21">21</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Medial/inferior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Occipitotemporal_sulcus" title="Occipitotemporal sulcus">Occipitotemporal sulcus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fusiform_gyrus" title="Fusiform gyrus">Fusiform gyrus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_37" title="Brodmann area 37">37</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medial_temporal_lobe" class="mw-redirect" title="Medial temporal lobe">Medial temporal lobe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_27" title="Brodmann area 27">27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_28" title="Brodmann area 28">28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_34" title="Brodmann area 34">34</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_35" class="mw-redirect" title="Brodmann area 35">35</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_36" class="mw-redirect" title="Brodmann area 36">36</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inferior_temporal_sulcus" class="mw-redirect" title="Inferior temporal sulcus">Inferior temporal sulcus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inferior_temporal_gyrus" title="Inferior temporal gyrus">Inferior temporal gyrus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_20" title="Brodmann area 20">20</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sulcus_(neuroanatomy)" title="Sulcus (neuroanatomy)">Interlobar<br />sulci/fissures</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Superolateral</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_sulcus" title="Central sulcus">Central (frontal+parietal)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lateral_sulcus" title="Lateral sulcus">Lateral (frontal+parietal+temporal)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parieto-occipital_sulcus" title="Parieto-occipital sulcus">Parieto-occipital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preoccipital_notch" title="Preoccipital notch">Preoccipital notch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Medial/inferior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Longitudinal_fissure" title="Longitudinal fissure">Longitudinal fissure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cingulate_sulcus" title="Cingulate sulcus">Cingulate (frontal+cingulate)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collateral_fissure" title="Collateral fissure">Collateral (temporal+occipital)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Callosal_sulcus" class="mw-redirect" title="Callosal sulcus">Callosal sulcus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Limbic_lobe" title="Limbic lobe">Limbic lobe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Parahippocampal_gyrus" title="Parahippocampal gyrus">Parahippocampal gyrus</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>anterior</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Entorhinal_cortex" title="Entorhinal cortex">Entorhinal cortex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perirhinal_cortex" title="Perirhinal cortex">Perirhinal cortex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postrhinal_cortex" title="Postrhinal cortex">Postrhinal cortex</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Posterior_parahippocampal_gyrus" title="Posterior parahippocampal gyrus">Posterior parahippocampal gyrus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prepyriform_area" title="Prepyriform area">Prepyriform area</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cingulate_cortex" title="Cingulate cortex">Cingulate cortex</a>/<a href="/wiki/Cingulate_gyrus" class="mw-redirect" title="Cingulate gyrus">gyrus</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Subgenual_area_25" class="mw-redirect" title="Subgenual area 25">Subgenual area</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_25" title="Brodmann area 25">25</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anterior_cingulate_cortex" title="Anterior cingulate cortex">Anterior cingulate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_24" title="Brodmann area 24">24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_32" title="Brodmann area 32">32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_33" title="Brodmann area 33">33</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Posterior_cingulate" class="mw-redirect" title="Posterior cingulate">Posterior cingulate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_23" title="Brodmann area 23">23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_31" title="Brodmann area 31">31</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Isthmus_of_cingulate_gyrus" title="Isthmus of cingulate gyrus">Isthmus of cingulate gyrus</a>: <a href="/wiki/Retrosplenial_region" class="mw-redirect" title="Retrosplenial region">Retrosplenial cortex</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_26" title="Brodmann area 26">26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_29" title="Brodmann area 29">29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area_30" title="Brodmann area 30">30</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hippocampal_formation" title="Hippocampal formation">Hippocampal formation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hippocampal_sulcus" title="Hippocampal sulcus">Hippocampal sulcus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fimbria_of_hippocampus" class="mw-redirect" title="Fimbria of hippocampus">Fimbria of hippocampus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dentate_gyrus" title="Dentate gyrus">Dentate gyrus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhinal_sulcus" title="Rhinal sulcus">Rhinal sulcus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indusium_griseum" title="Indusium griseum">Indusium griseum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncus" title="Uncus">Uncus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amygdala" title="Amygdala">Amygdala</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Insular_cortex" title="Insular cortex">Insular cortex</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Insular_cortex" title="Insular cortex">Insular cortex</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operculum_(brain)" title="Operculum (brain)">Operculum</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Poles">Poles of cerebral hemispheres</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: transparent; padding: 0px;"><div><i>Some categorizations are approximations, and some <a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area" title="Brodmann area">Brodmann areas</a> span gyri.</i></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div 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